CBSE Questions for Class 10 Geography Manufacturing Industries Quiz 1 - MCQExams.com

Iron and steel industry is called the basic industry due to following reasons:

• All industries whether heavy, medium or light depend on it for the machinery. Thus, it provides base to the other industries.
• Steel is required for manufacturing variety of engineering, construction and defense goods. Various ship building industries, aircrafts, transport equipments etc require steel which is a finished product of the iron and steel industry.
• Day to day consumer goods like containers, safety pins etc. are made up of steel.

• Manufacturing industries not only help in modernizing agriculture, which forms the backbone of our economy, they also reduce the heavy dependence of people on agricultural income by providing them jobs in secondary and tertiary sectors.
• Industrial development is a precondition for the eradication of unemployment and poverty in our country. This was the main philosophy behind public sector industries and joint sector ventures in India. It was also aimed at bringing down regional disparities by establishing industries in tribal and backward areas.
• Export of manufactured goods expands trade and commerce and brings in much-needed foreign exchange.
• Countries that transform their raw materials into a wide variety of finished goods of a higher value are prosperous. India's prosperity lies in increasing and diversifying its manufacturing industries as quickly as possible.

Factors Influencing the location of industries are geographical and non-geographical factors. 

Many important geographical factors involved in the location of individual industries are of relative significance, e.g., availability of raw materials, power resources, climatic conditions, water, site locations, labour, markets and the transport facilities.

This belt inculdes the state of Goa and Ratnagiri district of Maharashtra. The ores in these mines are not of very high quality. They are exported through Marmagao port. The richest ore deposits are located in North Goa. These areas have the advantage of river transport or ropeways for local transport and that of Marmagao port for exporting the ore. Most of Goa’s iron ore is exported to Japan.

India is the second largest sugar producer in the world, the first one being Brazil. Among Indian states, Uttar Pradesh is the top producer followed by Maharashtra and Karnataka standing on second and third positions respectively. In India, sugarcane is produced in both tropical and subtropical regions. 

Heavy water plant at Talcher is owned and operated by DAE's Heavy Water Board, (HWB). It is linked to a fertilizer factory owned by the Fertilizer Corporation of India.

The plant produces heavy water using the bi thermal version of the ammonia-hydrogen exchange process and has a production capacity of 72Mt of heavy water per year

 IFFCO Paradeep Plant:

The plant can produce 2 Million TPA  of  Diammonium Phosphate/Nitrogen Phosphorus and Potassium, 7000 TPD of Sulphuric Acid and 2650 TPD of Phosphoric Acid

                 The plant is situated at the Bhubaneswar - Paradeep National Highway No. 5-A which is about 110 Km away from the State capital Bhubaneswar. Apart from being situated at the deepest natural port on the East Coast of India, the IFFCO Paradeep plant is also close to the Bhitarkanika National Park- one of the largest Mangrove ecosystems in India.

The first cement plant was set up in the year 1904, in Chennai (Tamil Nadu). 

Environmental degradation is the process of polluting natural environment. Different methods are being followed to conserve nature. Some of them include:

(i) minimising use water for processing by reusing and recycling it in two or more successive stages 

(ii) harvesting of rainwater to meet water requirements 

(iii) treating hot water and effluents before releasing them in rivers and ponds. Treatment of industrial effluents can be done in three phases 

(a) Primary treatment by mechanical means. This involves screening, grinding, flocculation and sedimentation. 

(b) Secondary treatment by the biological process.

(c) Tertiary treatment by biological, chemical and physical processes. This involves recycling of wastewater. 

In addition to West Bengal, jute mills are also located at Guntur, Vishakhapatnam and Nelimarla, Chitvalshah, Eburu and Ongole in Andhra Pradesh; Kanpur, Shahjanwan and Gorakhpur in Uttar Pradesh; Purnea, Katihar, Samastipur, Darbhanga and Gaya in Bihar; Raigarh in Chhattisgarh and Cuttack in Orissa. Assam and Tripura also have one jute mill each.