Explanation
An aquifer is an underground layer of water-bearing permeable rock, rock fractures or unconsolidated materials (gravel, sand, or silt) from which groundwater can be extracted using a water well. It is a porous substrate. When water can flow directly between the surface and the saturated zone of an aquifer, the aquifer is unconfined. The deeper parts of unconfined aquifers are usually more saturated since gravity causes water to flow downward.
As the name implies multi-purpose river valley projects are carried on with an intention to serve for more than one requirement. These projects reduce the threat of seasonal floods. Today, dams are built not just for irrigation but for electricity generation, water supply for domestic and industrial uses, recreation, inland navigation and fish breeding.
Govind Sagar Lake is situated in Bilaspur district of Himachal Pradesh. It is a man-made reservoir. It was built on Sutlej River and named in honour of Guru Govind Singh. The Bhakra Nangal project is a joint venture of Punjab, Haryana and Rajasthan.
Sardar sarovar dam is constructed across the river Narmada and is located in Gujarat. It is one of the largest dams with a height of 163m. It was opened in June 2006. It is a multipurpose dam.
Tungabhadra dam is constructed across the river Tungabhadra which is a tributary of river Krishna. The dam is near the town of Hospet in Karnataka.
It is a multipurpose dam serving irrigation, electricity generation, flood control, etc. The waters of this dam are shared by states of Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka.
Indira Gandhi canal is one of the important irrigation canals of India. It starts from Firozpur of Punjab and terminates its irrigation facilities in Thar Desert of Rajasthan. The canal traverses seven districts of Rajasthan namely Barmer, Bikaner, Churu, Hanumangarh, Jaisalmer, Jodhpur, and Sriganganagar.
It sounds incredible but it’s true that the world’s wettest town - Cherrapunji - is now suffering from a shortage of drinking water. The problem is that Cherrapunji lies atop a high limestone plateau. Rain falling on the town drains away immediately. Very little rain collection takes place, because the locals don’t like the taste of water running off rusty tin roofs. With a growth in the town population, water has to be carried up from the plains during the drier winter months.
The Damodar River is a tributary of the Hugli River. It flows more or less in the west to east direction through Jharkhand and West Bengal.
Its total length from its source in the hills of Chota Nagpur plateau in Jharkhand to its confluence with Hugli in West Bengal is about 541 km, half of which is in Jharkhand and the remaining half is in West Bengal.
Bhakra Dam is a concrete gravity dam built in the Satluj River in Bilaspur, Himachal Pradesh in northern India.
The dam, located at a gorge near the upstream Bhakra village in Bilaspur district of Himachal Pradesh of height 226 m. The length of the dam is 518.25 m and the width is 9.1 meter. The 90 km long reservoir created by the Bhakra Dam is spread over an area of 168.35 km square. In terms of quantity of water, it is the third largest reservoir in India, the first being in Madhya Pradesh with capacity of 12.22 billion cu and second Nagarjunasagar Dam.
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