Explanation
Khilafat movement was originally in support of the Caliph who was deprived of all authority. But it was withdrawn when the final blow came with the victory of Mustafa Kemal's forces, which overthrew the Ottoman rule and established a pro-western, secular republic in independent Turkey. He abolished the role of Caliph.
Khilafat movement was originally in support of the Caliph who was also the religious leader of the Muslims. It was led by Mohammad Ali & Shaukat Ali to support the Caliph.
The Poona Pact of September 1932. It gave the Depressed Classes reserved seats in provincial and central legislative councils, but they were to be voted in by the general electorate.
In June 1920, Jawaharlal Nehru began going around the villages in Awadh, talking to the villagers, and trying to understand their grievances. By October, the Oudh Kisan Sabha was set up headed by Jawaharlal Nehru, Baba Ramchandra and a few others. Within a month, over 300 branches had been set up in the villages around the region.
Khilafat movement was originally in support of Caliph who was the religious head of the Muslims. Gandhiji saw an opportunity for a Hindu-Muslim mass movement and hence joined his non-cooperation with the khilafat issue. It was started in the year 1919. The non-cooperation movement started to spread in different parts of the country.
In September 1921, the Ali brothers (Muhammad Ali and Shaukat Ali) were arrested who had started the movement. Moreover, Gandhiji suspended the Non-Cooperation Movement after the Chauri Chaura incident. He was arrested in 1922.
In Awadh, peasants were led by Baba Ram Chandra - a sanyasi who had earlier been to Fiji as an indentured labourer. The movement here was against talukdars and landlords who demanded from peasants exorbitantly high rents and a variety of other cesses.
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