Explanation
What was the symbolic meaning of the crown of oak leaves?
Why did the Grimm brothers began collecting old folktales
The Carbonari were groups of secret revolutionary societies founded in early 19th-century Italy. The Italian Carbonari may have further influenced other revolutionary groups in France, Spain, Portugal and possibly Russia. Although their goals often had a patriotic and liberal focus, they lacked a clear immediate political agenda.
Romanticism was an artistic, intellectual and cultural movement that ran from the late eighteenth century through the nineteenth century. Romanticism can be seen as a rejection of the precepts of order, calm, harmony, balance, idealization, and rationality that typified Classicism in general and late 18th-century.
Prussia took on the leadership of the movement for national unification. Its chief minister, Otto von Bismarck, was the architect of this process carried out with the help of the Prussian army and bureaucracy. Three wars over seven years-with Austria, Denmark and France-ended in Prussian victory and completed the process of unification.
In 1834, a customs union or Zollverein was formed at the initiative of Prussia. It was joined by most of the German States. The aim of Zollverein was to bind the Germans economically into a nation. It helped to awaken and raise national sentiment in German people through a fusion of individual and provincial interests.
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