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CBSE Questions for Class 10 Political Science Popular Struggles And Movements Quiz 2 - MCQExams.com
CBSE
Class 10 Political Science
Popular Struggles And Movements
Quiz 2
How democratic conflicts are resolved ?
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Judicial intervention
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Executive initiative
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Mass mobilization
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Initiative of Parliamentary committees
Explanation
Mass mobilisation is a process which engages and motivates several people, partners and allies to participate and join at national and local level to create awareness of a demand or to achieve a particular goal. The restoration of democracy in Nepal or the Bolivia's Water war are the best example of resolution of dispute by making demands and pressure by mass organisations directly participating to work towards achieving goal.
During the popular movement in Nepal major political parties formed _________________.
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Five Party Alliance
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Seven Party Alliance
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Nine Party Alliance
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Eleven Party Alliance
Explanation
The popular struggle for restoration of democracy occured in 2006 in Nepal. All the major political parties in the parliament formed a Seven Party Alliance (SPA) and called for a four-day strike in Kathmandu, the country’s capital. This protest soon turned into an indefinite strike in which MAOIST insurgents and various other organisations joined hands. People defied curfew and took to the streets. The security forces found themselves unable to take on more than a lakh people who gathered almost every day to demand restoration of democracy. The number of protesters reached between three and five lakhs on 21 April and they served an ultimatum to the king.
Organizations that undertake activities to promote the interests of specific social sections such as workers, employees, teachers and lawyers are called _______________.
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Self Interest Groups
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Movement
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Political party
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Non Governmental Organisations
Explanation
Usually interest groups seek to promote the interests of a particular section or group of society. Trade unions, business associations and professional (lawyers, doctors, teachers, etc.) bodies are some examples of this type. They are sectional because they represent a section of society: workers, employees, businesspersons, industrialists, followers of a religion, caste group, etc. Their principal concern is the betterment and well-being of their members, not society in general.
SPA in Nepal stands for _________________.
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Supreme Power Alliance.
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Super People Advance.
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Seven Party Alliance
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Seven Political Alliance
Explanation
The movement for establishment of Democracy occurred in Nepal in 2006. King Gyanendra who did not want constitutional Monarchy over absolute monarchy led to the revolution of gaining popular control over the king.All the major political parties in the parliament formed a Seven Party Alliance (SPA) and called for a four-day strike in Kathmandu, the country’s capital. This protest soon turned into an indefinite strike in which MAOIST insurgents and various other organisations joined hands. People came on street defying curfew. It resulted in establishment of constitutional monarch.
What is the objective of Pressure Groups ?
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To influence the policies of the government.
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Highlight achievements of government
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Attain power
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Contest elections
Explanation
Pressure groups are organisations that attempt to influence government policies. But unlike political parties, pressure groups do not aim to directly control or share political power. These organisations are formed when people with common occupation, interest, aspirations or opinions come together in order to achieve a common objective
The Maoists wanted to fight against the absolute monarchy through ______________.
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Peaceful method
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The support of the elected representative
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Weapons
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An armed revolution
Explanation
The Maoist in Nepal adopted much violent and insurgent approach in joining forces with the Seven Party Alliances to restore democracy. They involved in armed Struggle against the government.
The objective of the extraordinary movement of Nepal was ____________.
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Restoration of democracy
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Removal of Kingship
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Establishment of absolute monarchy
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Joining the political forces of country together
Explanation
The movement for establishment of Democracy occurred in Nepal in 2006. Although Nepal won Democracy in 1990but after the killing of King Birendra, King Gyanendra who did not want constitutional Monarchy over absolute monarchy led to the revolution of gaining popular control over the king. All major political parties went to strike and people came on street defying curfew.
The Dravida Munettra Kazhgam (DMK) and All India Dravida Munettra Kazhgam (AIDMK) were formed after movements in ____________.
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Karnataka
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Rajhasthan
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Assam
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Tamil Nadu
Explanation
Sometimes political parties grow out of movements. For example, when the Assam movement led by students against the ‘foreigners’ came to an end, it led to the formation of the Asom Gana Parishad. The roots of parties like the DMK and the AIADMK in Tamil Nadu can be traced to a long-drawn social reform movement during the 1930s and 1940s.
West Java is located in ___________.
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Indonasia
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Bolivia
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Nepal
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Pakistan
Explanation
West Java is located in Indonesia. In 2004, landless farmers from West Java, travelled to Jakarta, the capital city. They came with their families to demand land reforms and to insist on the return of their farms.
People's successful struggle for the basic needs of people had taken place in _____________.
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Nepal
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Bolivia
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India
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Indonesia
Explanation
Bolivia witnessed struggle against privatisation of water. The Bolivian Government sold the water right to a Multinational Company which raised the price of water many times. The people revolted against this and forced the official to give up water rights.
The water war in Bolivia was fought in the absence of __________.
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Leaders
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People
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Trade union
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Political parties
Explanation
The protest against water privatisation in Bolivia was not led by any political party. It was led by an organisation called FEDECOR. This organisation comprised local professionals, including engineers and environmentalists. They were supported by a federation of farmers who relied on irrigation, the confederation of factory workers’ unions, middle class students from the the University of Cochabamba and the city’s growing population of homeless street children.
One of the example of an environmentalist movement is _______________.
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Chipko movement
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Fertilizer dealers' association
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Women's movement
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Movement for right to information
Explanation
Chipko movement is an environmentalist movement started in 1970s to protect the forests and trees being cut down. The people used to hug trees in a non violent fashion to show their protest. Thi moverment was a great success in Garhwal region of Uttarakhand.
The conflict in the popular struggle is between ________________.
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Political parties and pressure groups
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Different political parties
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Army and people
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Power holders and people
Explanation
The Conflict in popular struggle is directly between power holders who exercise their power over the people and those who are getting affected by such exercise of power that are people. It usually involves share in power, proper representation and against misuse of power.
The option which depends on spontaneous mass participation is ______________.
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Political parties
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Interest groups
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Movements
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Non government organisations
Explanation
Social Movements are organised group of people having common purpose and work toward a common goal. Social movement are organised or sometimes informal who launch their mode of work toward bringing a social change. A movement of people is always a collective action, it may either work toward bringing a change or resisting a change and they may be organised or non organised having different modes to achieve their aim. The loose organisation of movement allow mass participation and informal decision making.
The term "loose organization" is used for ____________.
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Interest group
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Movement
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Promotional group
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Political party
Explanation
Social Movements are organised group of people having common purpose and work toward a common goal. Social movement are organised or sometimes informal who launch their mode of work toward bringing a social change. A movement of people is always a collective action, it may either work toward bringing a change or resisting a change and they may be organised or non organised having different modes to achieve their aim. The loose organisation of movement allow mass participation and informal decision making.
The year in which the struggle against privatization of water in Bolivia had started was __________.
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2000
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2001
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2005
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2006
Explanation
The struggle against privatization of water in Bolivia started in January 2000 when the government was pressurised by the World Bank to give up its municipal water right which were then sold to an MNC. People went to strike against harsh system of imposing heavy taxes and the struggle resulted in restoration of water supply to municipality at old rates.
In the context of popular struggles and movements, the term 'mobilization' implies _____________.
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Act of assembling for confrontation or common goal
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Peaceful demonstration
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Assembling of facts
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Alliance of political parties
Explanation
Mobilization in the context of popular struggle and movement implies an act of assembling for confrontation or common goal
to give voice to the demands of the public and infusing recognition in their voice. The example of mobilization can be seen during the popular struggle for the restoration of democracy in Nepal.
The group of people who try to influence policies of government is ______________.
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Political party
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Pressure group
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Opposition leaders
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Movement
Explanation
Pressure groups are organisations that attempt to influence government policies. But unlike political parties, pressure groups do not aim to directly control or share political power. These organisations are formed when people with common occupation, interest, aspirations or opinions come together in order to achieve a common objective.
After successful popular movement, the new Prime Minister of Nepal was _______________.
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Prachand
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V. P. Koirala
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G.P. Koirala
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Sher Bahadur Rana
Explanation
On 24 April 2006, the last day of the ultimatum, the king was forced to concede all the three demands. The SPA chose Girija Prasad Koirala as the new Prime Minister of the interim government. The restored parliament met and passed laws taking away most of the powers of the king.
The popular government of Nepal was dissolved in ______.
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1990
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2001
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2004
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2005
Explanation
King Gyanendra, the new king of Nepal, was not prepared to accept democratic rule. He took advantage of the weakness and unpopularity of the democratically elected government. In February 2005, the king dismissed the then Prime Minister and dissolved the popularly elected Parliament.
Chile in $$September\;1973$$, had undergone a change from _____________.
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Democracy to military rule
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Military rule to democracy
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Parliamentary to presidential form
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Absolute monarchy to constitutional monarchy
Explanation
The military coup occurred in Chile in 1973. It was on 11 September 1973 when the then President of Chile, Salvador Allende's government was overthrown by the military. There was a great shift in the structure of governance in Chile. The democratic government was overthrown and military rule was established.
The leader of Solidarity Movement in Poland was _____________.
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Lech Walesa
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Lee-Haund
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George Walecha
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Pinochet
Explanation
The leader of Solidarity Movement in Poland was Lech Walesa. He was the second President of Poland. He is a retired politician, labor activist and also got awarded with the Nobel Peace Prize in 1983.
The freedom fighter that participated in the Peasant Bardoli Satyagraha was____________.
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Abdul Kalam Azad.
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T.T.Krishnamachari
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Jhaverbhai Vallabhai Patel.
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Mahatma Gandhi
Explanation
The Peasant Bardoli Satyagraha, 1928 was a movement which was led by Jhaverbhai Vallabhai Patel. The movement was for farmers of Bardoli against the unjust raising of taxes.
The means adopted by the interest groups and movements to influence government is/are _____________.
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Agitations
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Strikes of bandh
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Peaceful demonstrations
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Signature campaign
Explanation
Pressure groups and movements exert influence on politics in a variety of ways: They try to gain public support and sympathy for their goals and their activities by carrying out information campaigns, organising meetings, filing petitions, etc. Most of these groups try to influence the media into giving more attention to these issues. They often organise protest activity like strikes or disrupting government programmes.
Mandal Commission is known as ________________.
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First backward classes commission
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Second backward classes commission
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Third backward classes commission
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Schedule tribe commission
Explanation
The Mandal Commission is also known as Second backward classes commission or Socially and Educationally Backward Classes Commission (SEBC). The commission was established in India on 1st January 1979 by the Janata Party government under Prime Minister Moraji Desai. The commission was established in order to address the question of caste discrimination.
The leader, who was elected President of Chile in 2006, is ____________.
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Alberto Bachelet
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Michelle Bachelet
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John Alberto
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Bachelet Michelle
Explanation
Michelle Bachelet, daughter of General Bachelet was elected as President of Chile in January 2006. A medical doctor and a moderate socialist, Michelle became the first woman to be a Defence Minister in Latin America.
The workers of Lenin Shipyard in the city of Gdansk went on a strike and demanded to ________________.
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Take back a dismissed woman worker
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Appoint a new worker
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Set up safety measures
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Take back a dismissed worker
Explanation
On 14 August 1980, the workers of Lenin Shipyard in the city of Gdansk went on a strike. The shipyard was owned by the government. In fact all the factories in Poland were owned by the government. The strike began with a demand to take back a crane operator, a woman worker, who was unjustly dismissed from service.
Inspite of differences of views political parties and pressure groups work together because of _________________.
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Financial dependency
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Political requirements
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Dialogues and negotiations
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Regional imbalances
Explanation
Pressure groups are organisations that attempt to influence government policies. But unlike political parties, pressure groups do not aim to directly control or share political power. These organisations are formed when people with common occupation, interest, aspirations or opinions come together in order to achieve a common objective. There is always some direct or indirect relationship of political parties and relation groups to reach a conclusion of particular demand made or interest raised for which dialogues and negotiations are the methods applied so as communication formally can take place.
The professional lobbyists or expansive advertisements are usually employed by ______________.
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Environmentalists
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Educationalists
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Women associations
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Business group
Explanation
Business groups often employ professional lobbyists or sponsor expensive advertisements. Some persons from pressure groups or movement groups may participate in official bodies and committees that offer advice to the government.
In April 1999, the Albanian families of Kosovo were affected by _____________.
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Independence
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Ethnic massacre
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Election
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Selection of political leaders
Explanation
In April 1999, the Albanian families of Kosovo were affected by the ethnic massacre. The Meja massacre was the mass execution of 372 Kosovo Albanian civilians. Hundreds of thousands of Kosovo Albanian refugees pour into neighboring countries, because of massacres and forced expulsions.
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