Explanation
Goods distributed as free samples are products given away by a business usually for promotional reasons.
The goods distributed as free samples do not have a sales value and therefore cannot be recorded in the accounting records as sales.
The free product samples do however have a cost which needs to be removed from the cost of sales account and recorded as an expense. The expense account used will depend on the reason the goods were distributed as free samples and might include for example sales and marketing, promotion, advertising, charity or simply a free samples expense account.
Journal Entry :-
Advertisement A/c Dr.
To Purchase A/c
A negative cash balance appears on the balance sheet when the cash account in the general ledger has a credit balance.
Dual aspect is the foundation or basic principle of accounting. This concept states that every transaction has a dual or two-fold effect and should therefore be recorded at two places.
The duality principle is commonly expressed in terms of fundamental Accounting Equation, which is as follows :
Assets = Liabilities + Capital
In other words, the equation states that the assets of a business are always equal to the claims of owners and the outsiders. The claims also called equity of owners is termed as Capital(owners’ equity) and that of outsiders, as Liabilities(creditors equity).
These accounts are related to individuals, firms, companies, etc.
A few examples of personal account includes debtors, creditors, banks, outstanding/prepaid accounts, accounts of credit customers, suppliers, capital, drawings, etc.
Purchases will be credited if goods are given as charity. When accounting for goods given as charity, purchases are reduced with the exact cost of goods contributed. The amount is reduced from purchases in the trading account. It is shown as an expense on the debit side of the income statement.
A journal may be defined as the book of original or prime entry containing a chronological record of the transactions from which posting is done to the ledger. The transactions are recorded first in the journal in the order in which they occur. The process of recording the transactions in a journal is called as journalizing.
Revenue is reversed by debiting the sales returns and allowances account (which is a contra account to sales) by the amount of original sale and crediting accounts receivable account or cash account (depending on whether it was a credit sale or a cash sale).
These accounts are related to individuals, firms, companies, etc. A few examples of personal accounts include debtors, creditors, banks, outstanding/prepaid accounts, accounts of credit customers, accounts of goods suppliers, capital, drawings, etc.
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