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CBSE Questions for Class 11 Commerce Economics Market Equilibrium Quiz 3 - MCQExams.com
CBSE
Class 11 Commerce Economics
Market Equilibrium
Quiz 3
Perfectly elastic demand curve is _____ .
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horzontal to X axis
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vertical to Y axis
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flatter
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steeper
Explanation
Perfectly elastic demand curve is horizontal straight line. This is because at the given price the quantity demanded is infinite, even if there is a slight change in the price the demand becomes infinity and hence the curve is flat.
The demand for consumption goods is direct with respect to price.
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True
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False
Explanation
True. The demand for consumption goods is direct with respect to price. The quantity demanded of a commodity is directly as the price of the commodity decreases people would demand more for future because there is fall in price.
When demand increases, the demand curve shifts to the left.
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True
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False
Explanation
Demand increases when price remains constant and other factors change.
For example if the income of the consumer increases, his demand will increase as a result the demand curve shifts to the right.
When demand for a good decreases say with the fall in income, the demand curve will shift to the left.
Higher demand for smart phone due to innovation is a case of _____ in demand.
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decrease
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rise
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increase
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falls
Explanation
Innovation is nothing but bringing something new in the product. It is done basically by the manufacturer in order to increase the demand for the goods and services. Hence, higher demand for smartphone due to innovation is a case of increase in demand.
Perfectly inelastic demand curve is parallel to the X-axis.
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True
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False
Explanation
True. Perfectly elastic demand curve is parallel to X axis or say is a horizontal straight line. This is because at the given price the quantity demanded is infinite, even if there is a slight change in the price the demand becomes infinity and hence the curve is flat.
Demand for factors of production is direct demand.
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True
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False
Explanation
False. Demand for factors of production is indirect demand or derived demand. Demand for factors of production is indirect because they help in production of a commodity which is directly demanded by the buyers.
At full employment level, the aggregate supply function will be a _____ straight line.
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vertical
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horizontal
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steeper
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flatter
Explanation
Aggregate supply function is nothing but a function where the productive is maximum. It is represented by a vertical straight line on the graph. Hence, at full employment level, the aggregate supply function will be a vertical straight line.
Due to government expenditure demand increases.
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True
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False
Explanation
True. Government expenditure increases demand. Its one of the components to determine demand. Aggregate demand takes into account all the expenditure incurred in the country during the year. Government spending can be in the form of welfare, pension etc which increases the purchasing power of the people thereby increasing demand.
The demand for necessities is ________.
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inelastic
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elastic
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unitary elastic
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perfectly inelastic
Explanation
The demand for necessities is inelastic. By inelastic demand we mean that as the price of the commodity changes the quantity demand does not change. The consumer will not buy lesser of the commodity of the price increases. Example :- Life saving medicine.
The equality between aggregate demand and aggregate supply determines the equilibrium level of employment.
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True
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False
Explanation
True. Equilibrium is a situation when the aggregate demand = aggregate supply. The aggregate supply schedule shows the cost involved at each level of employment whereas the aggregate demand schedule shows the maximum earning at each level of employment. Hence, as long as the receipts are more than cost employment will increase and will stop when it reaches equilibrium.
Perfectly inelastic demand curve is ___________.
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Flatter
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Steeper
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Vertical straight line parallel to $$'OY'$$ axis
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Horizontal straight line parallel to $$'OX'$$ axis
Explanation
In case of perfectly inelastic demand the curve is a vertical straight line parallel to 'OY' axis. This is because the change in price of the product or service has no impact on the quantity demanded as the elasticity is equal to zero.
Other factors remaining constant, when price of a commodity rises, there is _____ of supply.
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expansion
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contraction
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decrease
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increase
Explanation
According to the law of supply, when the price of a commodity increases, the supply of the commodity increases and when the price of the commodity decreases, the supply of the commodity decreases. We can see that the law of supply has a direct relationship between supply and price. Hence, other factors remaining constant, when price of a commodity rises, there is expansion of supply.
Consumption expenditure is the only component of aggregate demand.
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True
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False
Explanation
False. Aggregate demand consists not only consumption but also consists on private investment, government consumption and investments and net exports. Aggregate demand = Household consumption + private investment +
government consumption and investments + net exports.
Aggregate demand consists of consumption and investment demand.
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True
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False
Explanation
True. Aggregate demand consists of consumption and investment demand. Aggregate demand is the demand of total goods and services in the economy as it is impossible to count all the physical quantities the total expenditure on all goods and services are taken into account. Aggregate demand consists of expenditure on household consumption, Private investment, Government expenditure on consumption and investment and imports and exports.
If there is increase in quantity supplied with no change in the demand, what do we expect?
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Price will fall
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Equilibrium quantity will fall
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Both price and equilibrium level will fall leading to new equilibrium level
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Cannot say as it depends on price elasticity of demand
Movement in supply curve is caused by _______.
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non price factors
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price factor
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both (A) and (B)
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none of the above
At a given price increase in quantity supplied can be possible if _______.
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there is apprehension of sharp fall in prices in future
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refund or subsidy of statutory levy in cash is given by the government
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improvement in technology led to cost saving
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all of the above
Change in cost of production of the concerned goods causes _______.
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the demand curve to shift
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the supply curve to shift
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increase in quantity demanded
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decrease in quantity supplied
Non-price factor causes ________.
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shift in supply curve
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movement in supply
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both (A) and (B)
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none of the above
_______ is the price at which demand, for a commodity is equal to is supply.
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Normal price
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Equilibrium price
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Short run price
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Secular price
Explanation
Equilibrium price is the price at which the quantity demanded and the quantity supplied is the same. After equilibrium is achieved the price does not change. It is the ideal market price.
Demand curve of an Oligopoly firm is characterized by being _________.
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Horizontal to X axis
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Kinked at a point
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U shaped curve
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A linear line
Explanation
According to the kinked demand curve hypothesis, the demand curve facing an oligopoly has a kink at the level of the prevailing price. This kink exists because of two reasons:
1:The segment above the prevailing price level is highly elastic.
2:The segment below the prevailing price level is inelastic.
Hence b is the correct option.
Monopolist is price maker.
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True
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False
Explanation
True. A monopoly is a price maker. In monopolist type of market there are no competitors. Having no competitors and no close substitutes enables the monopolist to influence the price in the market and hence is called as the price maker.
From the following demand and supply position at various prices, find the equilibrium price.
Price
Demand per month
Supply price month
$$10$$
$$5000$$
$$2000$$
$$12$$
$$4000$$
$$3000$$
$$14$$
$$3500$$
$$3500$$
$$16$$
$$2000$$
$$4250$$
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Rs. $$10$$
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Rs. $$12$$
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Rs. $$14$$
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Rs. $$16$$
Explanation
Equilibrium price is the price at which the quantity demanded is equal to the quantity supplied. Hence, in the given table, the price at which demand and supply are equal is Rs.14. Hence, it is the equilibrium price.
Shortage of supply of goods would cause ________.
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Equilibrium price to rise
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Equilibrium price to fall
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Equilibrium price to remain same
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Cost of production to go up
Assume that consumers incomes and the number of sellers in the market for a product both decrease. Based upon this information we can conclude with certainty that equilibrium _______________.
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price will increase
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price will decrease
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quantity will increase
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quantity will decrease
Explanation
Since the consumer income decreases the demand for the commodity will decrease and because of decrease in the number of sellers the supply will also decrease, as a result the quantity (demanded and supplied) will also decrease.
A perfectly inelastic supply curve will be ________.
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parallel to X axis
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parallel to Y axis
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upward sloping
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downward sloping
Suppose a firm is producing a level of output such that MR> MC. What should be firm do to maximize its profits?
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The firm should do nothing.
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The firm should hire less labour.
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The firm should increase price.
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The firm should increase output.
Explanation
MR = MC is the condition for maximum profit. In the given question MR is greater than MC, thus the firm has the capacity to increase production so as to earn more profit.
Change in price of the goods causes ___________.
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change in quantity demanded
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shift in demand curve
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change in price
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no effect on quantity demanded
Explanation
The law of demand states that quantity purchased varies inversely with price.
An increase in quantity demanded is caused by a decrease in the price of the product (and vice versa).
Change in price of the goods causes change in quantity demanded.
Hence option A is correct.
In a _______________ a deviation from equilibrium brings into market forces in operation which resort equilibrium.
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stable equilibrium
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unstable equilibrium
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temporary equilibrium
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short run equilibrium
Explanation
In a stable equilibrium a deviation from equilibrium brings into market forces in operation which resort equilibrium. Equilibrium is a state of balance where aggregate demand = aggregate supply. Stable equilibrium means the equilibrium which does not change and even if it does it gets back to normal(equilibrium).
A perfectly elastic supply curve will be ____________.
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U shaped
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L shaped
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parallel to X axis
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parallel to Y axis
Explanation
Perfectly elastic, it means that any change in price will result in an infinite amount of change in quantity.
In the case of a perfectly elastic supply, curve will be parallel to X-axis.
Hence c is the correct option.
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