Explanation
Marginal revenue (MR) is the change in total revenue resulting from the sale of an additional unit of a commodity. For example, consider a firm selling 100 units of a commodity and realizing a total revenue of Rs. 1,000. Further, it realizes a total revenue of Rs. 1,200 after selling 101 units of the same commodity. Therefore, the marginal revenue is Rs. 200. Marginal revenue is also defined as the rate of change of total revenue resulting from the sale of an additional unit of a commodity. Therefore, MR=Change in TR/Change in Q. At any particular level of output, total revenue is the sum of marginal revenues. Hence, option A is correct.
Perfect competition is a type of market where there are huge number of buyers and sellers who deals in the same type of product due to which no individual unit is able to influence the price of the product.
Under perfect competition, the price of the product is lower and the output is produced in large quantity.
General relationship between AR and MR:The relationship between AR and MR depends on whether the price remains same or falls with rise in output. However, if nothing is mentioned about the nature of price with rise in output, then the following general relation exists between AR and MR:
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