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CBSE Questions for Class 12 Medical Physics Nuclei Quiz 12 - MCQExams.com

Mark out the correct statement(s)
  • in both fission and fusion processes, the mass of reactant nuclide is greater than the mass of product nuclide
  • in fission process, BE per nucleon of reactant nuclide is less than the binding energy per nucleon of product nuclide
  • in fusion process, BE per nucleon of reactant nuclide is less than the binding energy per nucleon of product nuclide
  • in fusion process, BE per nucleon of reactant nuclide is greater than the binding energy per nucloen of product nuclide
A proton and a neutron are both shot at 100ms1 toward a 126C nucleus. Which particle, if either, is more likely to be absorbed by the nucleus?
  • The proton.
  • The neutron.
  • Both particles are about equally likely to be absorbed.
  • Neither particle will be absorbed.
Instantaneous power developed at time t due to the decay of the radionuclide is
  • (q0tq0λ+q0λeλt)E0
  • (q0t+q0λq0λeλt)E0
  • (q0t+q0λ+q0λeλt)E0
  • (q0tq0λq0λeλt)E0
Why is a 42He nucleus more stable than a 43Li nucleus?
  • The strong nuclear force is larger when the neutron-to-proton ratio is higher.
  • The laws of nuclear physics forbid a nucleus from containing more protons than neutrons.
  • Forces other than the strong nuclear force make the lithium nucleus less stable.
  • None of the above.
Four physical quantities are listed in Column I. Their values are listed in Column II in a random order.
Column I
Column II
p. Thermal energy of air molecules at room temperature
(i) 0.02 eV
q. Binding energy of heavy nuclei per nucleon
(ii) 2 eV
r. X-ray photon energy
(iii) 10 keV
s. Photon energy of visible light
(iv) 7 MeV
The correct matching the Column I and Column II is given by
  • pi,qiv,riii,sii
  • pi,qiii,rii,siv
  • pii,qi,riii,siv
  • pii,qiv,ri,siii
The equation 411H242He2++2e+1+26 MeV represents
  • βdecay
  • γdecay
  • fusion
  • fission
In the core of nuclear fusion reactor, the gas becomes plasma because of
  • strong nuclear force acting between the deuterons
  • coulomb force acting between the deuterons
  • coulomb force acting between deuteron-electron pairs
  • the high temperature maintained inside the reactor core
The correct statement is
  • the nucleus 63Li can emit an alpha particle
  • the nucleus 21084Po can emit a proton
  • deuteron and alpha particle can undergo complete fusion
  • the nuclei 7030Zn and 8234Se can undergo complete fusion
A nucleus with mass number 220 initially at rest emits an α particle. If the Q value of the reaction is 5.5MeV, calculate the kinetic energy of the α particle
  • 4.4MeV
  • 5.4MeV
  • 5.6MeV
  • 6.5MeV
Assume that the nuclear binding energy per nucleon (B/A) versus mass number (A) is as shown in the figure. Use this plot to choose the correct choice(s) given below:

173874.png
  • Fusion of two nuclei with mass numbers lying in the range of 1<A<50 will release energy.
  • Fusion of two nuclei with mass numbers lying in the range of 51<A<100 will release energy.
  • Fission of a nucleus lying in the mass range of 100<A<200 will release energy when broken into two equal fragments.
  • Fission of a nucleus lying in the mass range of 200<A<260 will release energy when broken into two equal fragments.
The rest energy of an electron is 0.511MeV. The electron is accelerated from rest to a velocity 0.5c. The change in its energy will be
  • 0.026MeV
  • 0.051MeV
  • 0.07MeV
  • 0.105MV
Binding energy per nucleon vs. mass number curve for nuclei is shown in fig. W, X, Y and Z are four nuclei indicated on the curve. The process that would release energy is

173777_1cc94a8ec4b847b6aef06f80d429d9cd.JPG
  • Y2Z
  • WX+Z
  • W2Y
  • XY+Z
Let mp be the mass of proton, mn the mass of a neutron, M1 the mass of a 2010Ne nucleus, and M2 the mass of a 4020Ca nucleus. Then
  • M2=2M1
  • M2>2M1
  • M2<2M1
  • M1<10(mp+mp)
The binding energies per nucleon for a deuteron and an  -particle are  x1,x2 respectively. What will be the energy Q released in the reaction 1H2+1H22He4+Q
  • 4(x1+x2)
  • 4(x2x1)
  • 2(x1+x2)
  • 2(x2x1)
The K.E. of the emitted αparticle in the decay of 22688Ra (approximately)
  • 2.3 MeV
  • 4.85 MeV
  • 9.7 MeV
  • 14 MeV
Results of calculations for four different designs of a fusion reactor using D-D reaction are given below. Which of these is most promising based on Lawson criterion?
  • Deuteron density=2.0 x 1012cm3 ,confinement time=5.0 x 103s
  • Deuteron density=8.0 x 1014cm3 ,confinement time=9.0 x 101s
  • Deuteron density=4.0 x 1023cm3 ,confinement time=1.0 x 1011s
  • Deuteron density=1.0 x 1024cm3 ,confinement time=4.0 x 1012s
The Q-value for the αdecay of 22688Ra is (approximately)
  • 4.93 MeV
  • 2.46 MeV
  • 9.8 MeV
  • 14.7 MeV
Which of the following nuclear reactions is not possible?
  • 126C+126C2010Ne+42He
  • 94Be+11H63Li+42He
  • 115Be+11H94Be+42He
  • 73Li+42He11H+104B
The velocity of a body of rest mass mo is 32c (where c is the velocity of light in vacuum). The mass of this body is : 
  • (32)mo
  • (12)mo
  • 3mo
  • 2mo
Find Binding energy of an αparticle in MeV?
[mproton=1.007825 amu,mneutron=1.008665 amu,mhelium=4.002800 amu]
  • 28.097 eV
  • 28.097 MeV
  • 38.097 eV
  • 48.097 MeV
Calculate the binding energy of 63Li assuming the mass of 63Li atom as 6.01512 amu:
  • 20.42MeV
  • 30.42MeV
  • 23.08MeV
  • 32.78MeV
A neutron of kinetic energy 65 eV collides inelastically with a singly ionized helium atom at rest. It is scattered at an angle of 90 with respect to its original direction.
Find the allowed values of the energy of the neutron and that of the atom after the collision.
[Given : Mass of He atom=4× (mass of neutron) Ionization energy of H atom =6 eV]
  • 7.36 eV,0.312,17.8 eV;16.328 eV.
  • 6.36 eV,0.312,17.8 eV;16.328 eV.
  • 6.36 eV,0.312,87.8 eV;16.328 eV.
  • 6.36 eV,0.312,17.8 eV;26.328 eV.
A system of binary stars of masses mA and mB are moving in circular orbits of radii rA and rB, respectively. If TA and TB are the time periods of masses mA and mB, respectively then.
  • TATB=(rArB)32
  • TA>TB(if rA>rB)
  • TA>TB(if mA>mB)
  • TA=TB
If Mo is the mass of an oxygen isotope 8O17,MP,MN are the masses of a proton and a neutron respectively, the nuclear binding energy of the isotope is (The speed of light is C)
  • (MO8MP)C2
  • (MO8MP9MN)C2
  • MOC2
  • (MO17MN)C2
A nucleus AZX has mass represented by m(A,Z). If mp and mn denote the mass of proton and neutron respectively and BE the binding energy(in MeV) then.
  • BE=[m(A1Z)Zmp(AZ)mn]C2
  • BE=[Zmp+(AZ)mnm(A,Z)]C2
  • BE=[Zmp+Amnm(A,Z)]C2
  • BE=m(A1Z)Zmp(AZ)mN
Outside nucleus
  • neutron is stable
  • neutron is unstable
  • proton and neutron both are stable
  • none of these
Binding energies of 1H2,2He4,26Fe56, and 92U235 nuclie are 2.22MeV,28.4MeV,492MeV and 1786MeV respectively which one of the following is more stable?
  • 1H2
  • 2He4
  • 26Fe56
  • 92U235
MZA(g)MBZ4B(g)+(αparticals)
(α-particales are helium nuclei,so will form helium gas by trapping electrons)
The radioactive disintegration follows first-order kinetic Starting with 1 mol of A in a 1-litre closed flask at 27oC pressure developed after two half-lives is approximately:
  • 25 atm
  • 12 atm
  • 61.5 atm
  • 40atm
P and Q are two elements which form P2Q3 and PQ2. If 0.15 mole of P2Q3 weight 15.9 g and 0.15mole of PQ2 weight 9.3 g. what are atomic weights of P and Q respectively?
  • 18 and 26 
  • 26 and 26
  • 26 and 18
  • 18 and 18
If the binding energy per nucleon in 73Li and 42He nuclei are 5.60 MeV and 7.06 MeV respectively, then in the reaction : p+73Li242He energy of proton must be
  • 28.24 MeV
  • 17.28 MeV
  • 1.46 MeV
  • 39.2 MeV
Assuming that 200 MeV of energy is released per fission of 92U235 atom. Find the number of fission per second ,required to release 1 kW power.
  • 3.125 ×1013
  • 3.125 ×1014
  • 3.125 ×1015
  • 3.125 ×1016
An electron collides with a fixed hydrogen atom in its ground state. Hydrogen atom gets excited and the colliding electron loses ail its kinetic energy. Consequently the hydrogen atom may emit a photon corresponding to the largest wavelength of the Balmer series. The min. K.E. of colliding electron will be
  • 10.2 eV
  • 1.9 eV
  • 12.1 eV
  • 13.6 eV
In a laboratory experiment on emission from atomic hydrogen in a discharge tube, only a small number of lines are observed where as a lines are present in the hydrogen spectrum of a star. This is because in a laboratory  
  • The amount of hydrogen taken is much smaller than that present in the star
  • The temperature of hydrogen is much smaller than that of the star
  • The pressure of hydrogen is much smaller than that of the star
  • The gravitational pull is much larger than that in the star
A nucleus ZXA emits 9α-particles and 5p particle. The ration of total protons and neutrons in the final nucleus is:-
  • (Z13)(AZ23)
  • (Z18)(A36)
  • (Z23)(AZ8)
  • (Z13)(AZ13)
If baX emits a positron, two α and two β and in last one α is also emitted and converts in  cdY, correct relation:
  • c=b12,d=a5
  • a=c8,d=b1
  • a=c6,d=b0
  • a=c4,a=b2
92U238 on absorbing a neutron goes over to 92U239. This nucleus emits an electron to go over to neptunium which on further emitting an electron goes over to plutonium. The plutonium nucleus can be expressed as:
  • 94Pu239
  • 92Pu239
  • 93Pu240
  • 92Pu240
A radioactive nucleus ZXA emits 3α-particles and 5β-particles. The ratio of number of neutron, protons in the product nucleus will be :- 
  • AZ12Z6
  • AZZ1
  • AZ11Z1
  • AZ12Z1
A nucleus of mass M is at rest. An alpha particle of mass m is emitted from the nucleus with momentum P.Q value of the nuclear reaction is :
  • p2M2m(M+m)
  • p2m2m(M+m)
  • p2M2m(Mm)
  • p2m2m(Mm)
 Initial ratio of active nuclei in two different samples  is 2:3. Their half lives are 2 hr and 3 hr respectively.  Ratio of their activities at the end of 12 hr is: 
  • 1:6
  • 6:1
  • 1:4
  • 4:1
In a hydrogen atom, the binding energy of the electron in the ground state is E1. Then the frequency of revolution of nth electron in the nth orbits is
  • 2E1nh
  • 2E1n3h
  • 2mE1n3h
  • 2E1n2h
In the uranium radioactive series the initial nucleus is 92U238, and the final nucleus is 82U206. When the Uranium nucleus decays to lead, the number of αparticles emitted are... and the number of βparticles emitted are...
  • 6,8
  • 8,6
  • 16,6
  • 32,12
The aver age energy gy released in the fission of _{92}U^{235} is 200 MeV. The total energy released when one gram of _{92}U^{235} completely undergoes fission is about 
  • 2.3 \times 10^4 kWh
  • 2.3 \times 10^5 kWh
  • 2.3 \times 10^3 kWh
  • 2.3 \times 10^6 kWh
In which sequence the radioactive radiations are emitted in the following nuclear reaction?
_{Z}X^{A} \rightarrow _{Z+1}Y^{A} \rightarrow _{Z-1}K^{A-4}  \rightarrow _{Z-1}K^{A-4}
  • \gamma, \alpha ,\beta
  • \alpha ,\beta,\gamma
  • \beta,\gamma,\alpha
  • \beta,\alpha,\gamma
If the binding energy per nucleon in ^7_3Li and ^4_2 He   nuclei are 5.60 MeV and 7.06 MeV respectively, then in the reaction
    p + ^7_3 Li \rightarrow 2^4_2 He
energy of proton must be :
  • 39.2 MeV
  • 28.24 MeV
  • 17.28 MeV
  • 1.46 MeV
A nucleus of mass M +\triangle m is at rest and decays into daughter nucleus of equal mass \dfrac { M }{ 2 } each 
speed of light is c 
The speed of daughter nuclei is:-

  • c\sqrt { \dfrac { \triangle m }{ m+\triangle } }
  • c\sqrt { \dfrac { \triangle m }{ m+\triangle m } }
  • c\sqrt { \dfrac { 2\triangle m}{ m } }
  • c\sqrt { \dfrac { \triangle m }{ m } }
Atomic mass of _ { 26 } \mathrm { F } { \mathrm { e } } \text { is } 55.9349 \mathrm { u } and that of H \text { is } 1.00783 u.Mass of neutron is 1.00867 \mathrm { u } and \mathrm { 1u } = 931 \mathrm { MeV } / \mathrm { c } ^ { 2 } then binding energy of _{ 26 }^{ 56 }{ { F }_{ e } } is
  • 492 \mathrm { MeV }
  • 480 \mathrm { MeV }
  • 475 \mathrm { MeV }
  • 450 \mathrm { MeV }
In the options given below, let E denote the rest mass energy of a nucleus and n neutron. The correct option is.
  • E\left( \begin{matrix} 236 \\ 92 \end{matrix}U \right) >E\left( \begin{matrix} 137 \\ 53 \end{matrix}I \right) +E\left( \begin{matrix} 97 \\ 39 \end{matrix}Y \right) +2E(n)
  • E\left( \begin{matrix} 236 \\ 92 \end{matrix}U \right) \quad <\quad E\left( \begin{matrix} 137 \\ 53 \end{matrix}I \right) +E\left( \begin{matrix} 97 \\ 39 \end{matrix}Y \right) +2E(n)
  • E\left( \begin{matrix} 236 \\ 92 \end{matrix}U \right) <\quad E\left( \begin{matrix} 140 \\ 56 \end{matrix}Ba \right) +E\left( \begin{matrix} 94 \\ 36 \end{matrix}Kr \right) +2E(n)
  • E\left( \begin{matrix} 236 \\ 92 \end{matrix}U \right) =\quad E\left( \begin{matrix} 140 \\ 56 \end{matrix}Ba \right) +E\left( \begin{matrix} 94 \\ 36 \end{matrix}Kr \right) +2E(n)
In the nuclear reaction, X\left( {n,\alpha } \right){ \to _3}L{i^7} which of the following option is correct?
  • X{ = _5}{\beta ^{10}}, \alpha -deacy result in decrease of atomic number
  • X{ = _5}{\beta ^{10}}, only {\beta ^ + }- decay result in increase of atomic number
  • X{ = _5}{\beta ^{11}}, \alpha -decay result in increase of atomic number
  • X{ = _5}{\beta ^{11}}, \alpha - and {\beta ^ + }-decay result in decrease of atomic number
The binding energies per nucleon of deutron and \alpha - particles are X_1 and X_2 respectively. The energy released in the following reaction will be: 1{H}^2 + 1{H}^2 = 2{He}^4 + Q
  • (X_1 + X_2)
  • (X_2 - X_1)
  • 4(X_1 + X_2)
  • 4(X_2 - X_1)
Binding energy per nucleon of deutron in 1.112 MeV and binding energy per nucleon of a \alpha-particle is 7.07 MeV, then in following process, energy Q is :-  2(1_H^2)\rightarrow _2He^4+ Q
  • 1 MeV
  • 23.8 MeV
  • 11.9 MeV
  • 931 MeV
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