CBSE Questions for Class 12 Medical Physics Nuclei Quiz 9 - MCQExams.com

A $$U-238$$ nucleus originally at rest, decays by emitting an $$\alpha-$$particle, say with a velocity of $$v\ m/s$$. The recoil velocity in $$( ms^{-1})$$ of the residual nucleus is
  • $$\dfrac {4v}{238}$$
  • $$-\dfrac {4v}{238}$$
  • $$\dfrac {v}{4}$$
  • $$-\dfrac {4v}{234}$$
The binding energy per nucleon of deuteron is $$1.2MeV$$ and that of the helium atom is $$7.1MeV$$. What is the energy released, if two deuteron atoms combine to form a single helium atom?  
  • 17.8MeV
  • 19.5MeV
  • 21,2MeV
  • 23.6MeV
A $$1.0\ MeV$$ neutron emitted in a fusion loses one half of its kinetic energy in each collision with a moderator  molecule. Number of collision it must be more to reach thermal energy will be $$\left(Take, \dfrac {3}{2}k_{B}T=0.040\ eV\right)$$    
  • $$5$$
  • $$25$$
  • $$125$$
  • $$625$$
$$X(n, \alpha)+_0^1n \rightarrow _{3}^{7}Li + _2^4He$$, then $$X$$ will be :
  • $$_{5}^{10}B$$
  • $$_{5}^{9}B$$
  • $$_{4}^{11}Be$$
  • $$_{2}^{4}He$$
The binding energy of deutron is $$2.2 \space MeV$$ and that of $$^4_2 He$$ is $$28 \space MeV$$. If two deutrons are fused to form one $$^4_2 He$$ then the energy released is:
  • $$25.8 \space MeV$$
  • $$23.6 \space MeV$$
  • $$19.2 \space MeV$$
  • $$30.2 \space MeV$$
If $$x \ g$$  of $$A$$ (atomic mass $$50$$) contains $$n$$ atoms, how many atoms are there in $$20 \ x \ g \ B$$ (atomic weight $$100$$)
  • $$n$$
  • $$10 n$$
  • $$20 n$$
  • $$\dfrac{n}{10}$$
If $$m_{0}$$ is the mass of isotope $$\frac{16}{8}O, m_{p}\  and\  m_{m}$$ are the masses of a proton and neutron respectively, the nuclear binding energy of the isotope is:
  • $$(m_{0}\ -\ 17m_{n})c^{2}$$
  • $$(m_{0}\ -\ 8m_{p})c^{2}$$
  • $$(m_{0}\ -\ 8m_{p}-8m_{n})c^{2}$$
  • $$m_{0}c^{2}$$
Calculate the neutron separation energy from the following data.
$$m(^{40}_{20}Ca) = 39.962591 \ u;$$
 $$m (^{41}_{20}Ca) = 40.962278 \ u;$$
 $$m_n = 1.00865;$$
$$ 1u = 931.5 MeV/C^2$$
  • $$7.57 \space MeV$$
  • $$8.36 \space MeV$$
  • $$9.12 \space MeV$$
  • $$9.56 \space MeV$$
Which of the following graph shows variation of decay rate of a radioactive sample with number of nuclei left in the sample :-
A slow neutron strikes a nucleus of $$^{235}_{92} {U}$$ splitting it into lighter nuclei of $$^{141}_{56} {Ba}$$ and $$^{92}_{36} {Kr}$$ along with three neutrons. The energy released in this reaction is :
(The masses of Uranium, Barium and Krypton in this reaction are $${235.043933}$$ a.m.u, $${140.917700}$$ a.m.u and $${91.895400}$$ a.m.u respectively. The mass of a neutron is $$1.008665$$ a.m.u)
  • $$198.9$$ MeV
  • $$156.9$$ MeV
  • $$186.9$$ MeV
  • $$209.8$$ MeV
The following nuclear reaction is an example of $$ \frac { 12 }{ 6 } C+\frac { 4 }{ 2 } H\rightarrow \frac { 16 }{ 8 } O+energy$$:
  • Fission
  • Fusion
  • alpha decay
  • beta decay
In hydrogen bomb we use the process of
  • Fusion
  • Fission
  • Both (1) & (2)
  • None of these
The binding energies of two nuclei $$P^{n}$$ and $$Q^{2n}$$ are $$x$$ and $$y$$ joules. If $$2x > y$$ then the energy released in the reaction:
$$P^{n}+P^{n} \rightarrow Q^{2n}$$ will be
  • $$2x+y$$
  • $$2x-y$$
  • $$-(2x-y) $$
  • $$x+y$$
If $$N_t=N_0e^{-\lambda t}$$ then number of disintegrated atoms between $$t_1$$ to $$t_2$$ ($$t_2> t_1$$) will be:
  • $$N_0[e^{\lambda t_2}-e^{\lambda t_1}]$$
  • $$N_0[-e^{\lambda t_2}-e^{-\lambda t_1}]$$
  • $$N_0[e^{-\lambda t_1}-e^{-\lambda t_2}]$$
  • none
Binding energy per nucleon versus mass number curve for nuclei is shown  in the figure. A, B, C and D are  four muclei indicated on the curve. The process that would release energy is 
1158467_a5c6085550214a22bd82e2f6c98f677e.PNG
  • $$ C \rightarrow 2D $$
  • $$A \rightarrow C+D $$
  • $$A \rightarrow 2C $$
  • $$B \rightarrow C +D $$
One mole of radium has an activity of 1/3.7 killo curie. Its decay constant will be 
  • $$\dfrac{1}{6}\times 10^{-10}s^{-1}$$
  • $$ 10^{-10}s^{-1}$$
  • $$ 10^{-11}s^{-1}$$
  • $$ 10^{-8}s^{-1}$$
The nuclear radius of a certain nucleus is $$7.2 \,fm$$ and it has a charge of $$1.28 \times 10^{-17}C$$. The number of neutrons inside the nucleus is:
  • 126
  • 111
  • 118
  • 142
A particular hydrogen like atom has its ground state Binding Energy=122.4eV. It is in ground state. Then
  • atomic number is 3
  • an electron with 90 ev energy can interact with it and excite it
  • An electron of kinetic energy 91.8eV can be brought to almost rest by this atom.
  • An electron of KE nearly 2.6 eV may emerge from the atom electron of KE 125ev collides
The kinetic energy of $$ \alpha $$ - particle emitted in the $$ \alpha $$ - decay of $$ { _{ 88 }{ Ra }^{ 226 } } $$ is [ given, mass number of Ra = 222 u ]
  • 5.201 Me V
  • 3.301 Me V
  • 6.023 MeV
  • 4.871 MeV
What is the binding energy of an electron in the first orbit of $${ Li }^{ 2+ }$$ is
  • $$13.6 eV$$
  • $$122.4 eV$$
  • $$-13.6 eV$$
  • $$-122.4 ev$$
Assuming the energy released per fission of $$U^{235}$$ is 200 me  V , the energy released in the fission of 1 kg of $$U^{235}$$ is energy
  • $$0.91\times10^{11}J$$
  • $$0.91\times10^{13}J$$
  • $$8.19\times10^{11}J$$
  • $$8.19\times10^{13}J$$
The average binding energy per nucleon of a nucleus is of the order of
  • $$8 \,eV$$
  • $$8 \,J$$
  • $$8 \,keV$$
  • $$8 \,MeV$$
In a fission reaction $$^{236}_{92}U \rightarrow ^{117}X+^{117}Y+n+n$$. The binding energy per nucleon of $$X$$ and $$Y$$ are  $$8.5 MeV$$ whereas of $$^{236}U$$ is $$7.6 MeV$$. The total energy liberated will be about
  • $$400 MeV$$
  • $$200 MeV$$
  • $$300 MeV$$
  • $$200 keV$$
Consider the nuclear reaction $$X^{200}\rightarrow A^{110}+B^{90}$$ if the binding energy per nucleon for X, A and B is 7.4 MeV, 8.2 MeV and 8.2 Mev respectively, what is the energy released?
  • 200 MeV
  • 160 MeV
  • 110 MeV
  • 90 MeV
The binding energy per nucleon of $$_{26}F^{56}$$ nucleus is
  • $$8.8\ MeV$$
  • $$88\ MeV$$
  • $$493\ MeV$$
  • $$413\ MeV$$
A radioactive isotope has a half-life of $$2$$ years. How long will it approximately take the activity to reduce to $$3\%$$ of its initial value? 
  • $$4.8\ Years$$
  • $$7\ Years$$
  • $$10\ Years$$
  • $$9.6\ Years$$
Electrons are bombarded to excite hydrogen atoms and six spectral lines are observed. If $$E_{g}$$ is the ground state energy of hydrogen, the minimum energy the bombarding electrons should possess is
  • $$8E_{g}/9$$
  • $$15E_{g}/16$$
  • $$35E_{g}/36$$
  • $$48E_{g}/49$$
In a nuclear fusion reaction, two nuclei, $$A$$ & $$B$$, fuse to produce a nucleus $$C$$, releasing an atom of energy $$\Delta E$$ in the process. If the mass defects on the three nuclie are $$\Delta M_{A}, \Delta M_{B}, \Delta M_{C}$$ respectively, then which of the following relations holds? Here $$c$$ is the speed of light:-    
  • $$\Delta M_{A}+\Delta M_{B}=\Delta M_{C}-\Delta E/c^{2}$$
  • $$\Delta M_{A}+\Delta M_{B}=\Delta M_{C}+\Delta E/c^{2}$$
  • $$\Delta M_{A}-\Delta M_{B}=\Delta M_{C}-\Delta E/c^{2}$$
  • $$\Delta M_{A}-\Delta M_{B}=\Delta M_{C}+\Delta E/c^{2}$$
The reactor produced a power of $$10^{10}\ MW$$ with $$50$$% efficiency. Then the number of deutrons required to run the reactor for one year will be approximately:    
$$m\left( _{ 1 }^{  }{ { H }_{  }^{ 2 } } \right) =2.014\ u,m\left( p \right) =1.007\ u,m\left( n \right) =1.008\ u,m\left( _{ 2 }^{  }{ { H }e_{  }^{ 4 } } \right) =4.001\ u$$
  • $$5\times 10^{35}$$
  • $$5\times 10^{32}$$
  • $$5\times 10^{38}$$
  • $$5\times 10^{40}$$
Complete the equation for the following fission process $$_{92}U^{235}+_{0}n^{1}\rightarrow _{38}Sr^{90}+...$$
  • $$_{54}Xe^{143}+3_{0}n^{1}$$
  • $$_{54}Xe^{145}$$
  • $$_{57}Xe^{142}$$
  • $$_{54}Xe^{142}+3_{0}n$$
Nucleus of an elements contains 9 protons. It's valency would be:
  • 1
  • 2
  • 3
  • 5
Choose correct statement(s)
  • The density of nuclear matter is independent of the size of the nucleus
  • The binding energy per nucleon, for nuclei of middle mass number, is about $$8$$MeV
  • A free neutron is unstable
  • A free proton is stable
The energy of the reaction $$Li ^ { 7 } + p \longrightarrow _2He^4$$ is (the binding energy per nucleon in $$Li^7$$ and $$He^4$$ nuclei are $$5.60$$ and $$7.06\ MeV$$ respectively.)
  • $$17.3\ MeV$$
  • $$1.73\ MeV$$
  • $$1.46\ MeV$$
  • $$Depends\ on\ the\ binding\ energy\ of\ proton.$$
If the mass of $$ proton = 1.008 a.m.u. $$ and mass of $$neutron =1.009 a.m. u.$$, then binding energy per nucleon for $$ _4 Be^9$$ $$(mass = 9.012 a mu )$$ would be:
  • $$40.065 Me v$$
  • $$ 60.44 Me V$$
  • $$67.2 Me v $$
  • $$ 6.72 Me v$$
The binding energy per nucleon for the parent nucleus is $$E_1$$ and that for the daughter nuclei is $$E_2$$. Then :
  • $$E_1= 2E$$
  • $$E_1>E_2$$
  • $$E_2>E_1$$
  • $$E_2=E_1$$
The binding energies of the nuclei A and B are $$E _ { a }$$  and $$E _ { b }$$  respectively. Three nuclei of the element B fuse to give one nucleus of element 'A' and an energy 'Q' is released. Then $$E _ { a } , E _ { b } , \underline { Q }$$ are related 
  • $$E _ { a } - 3 E _ { b } = Q$$
  • $$3 E _ { b } - E _ { a } = Q$$
  • $$E _ { a } + 3 E _ { b } = Q$$
  • $$E _ { b } + 3 E _ { a } = Q$$
A nuclear transformation is denoted by $$ X(n, \alpha) \  ^7_3 Li $$, then the element X will be :-
  • $$ ^{10}_5 B $$
  • $$ ^9_5 B $$
  • $$ ^{11}_4 Be $$
  • $$ ^4_2 He $$
Atomic mass of $$_{ 6 }^{ 13 }{ C }$$ is $$13.00335$$ amu and its mass number is $$13.0$$. If amu $$=931$$MeV, the binding energy of the neutrons present in the nucleus is 
  • $$0.24$$ MeV
  • $$1.44$$MeV
  • $$1.68$$MeV
  • $$3.12$$MeV
According to binding energy per nucleon versus mass number curve, which is not correct?
  • Two light nuclei fuse to form medium sized nuclei.
  • A heavy nucleus fission to form two medium sized nuclei.
  • Two medium sized nucleus fuse to form a heavy nucleus.
  • The peak of the curve corresponds the most stable nucleus.
A person needs glasses for driving is suffering from which defect in his vision 
  • Astarmagnrtism
  • Myopia
  • Presbyopia
  • Hypermetropia
An atomic power nuclear reactor can deliver $$300$$ MW. The energy released due to fission of each nucleus of uranium atom $$U^{235} $$ is $$170$$ MeV. The number of uranium atoms fissioned per hour will be 
  • $$4\times 10^{22}$$
  • $$30\times 10^{22}$$
  • $$10\times 10^{20}$$
  • $$5\times 10^{15}$$
Binding energy of deuterium is $$2.23\ MeV$$, then its mass defect in a.m.u. is
  • $$-0.0024$$
  • $$-0.0012$$
  • $$0.0012$$
  • $$0.0024$$
1 atomic mass unit is equal to:
  • $$\tfrac{1}{12}^{th}$$ mass of a carbon-12 atom
  • $$1.66\times 10^{-24}\ g$$
  • $$6.023\times 10^{-23}\ g$$
  • $$6.023\times 10^{23}\ g$$
A nuclear reactor delivers power of 10W, find fuel consumed by the reactor per hour if its efficiency is $$20\%$$, Given $$c=3 \times 10^8 m/s$$
  • $$2 \times 10^{-6}g/hr$$
  • $$9 \times 10^{-12}g/hr$$
  • $$8 \times 10^{-9}g/hr$$
  • $$2 \times 10^{-9}g/hr$$
In a hydrogen atom, the binding energy of the electron in the nth state is $$ E_n $$,then the frequency of revolution of the electron in the nth orbit is:
  • $$ 2E_n/nh $$
  • $$ 2E_nn/h $$
  • $$ E_n/nh $$
  • $$ E_nn/h $$
In $$\overset { 14 }{ \underset { 7 }{ N }  } $$ if mass attributed to electron were doubled & the mass attributed to protons were halved, the atomic mass would become approximately:-
  • Halved
  • Doubled
  • Reduced by 25%
  • Remain same
A heavy nucleus $$X$$ of mass number $$240$$ and binding energy per nucleon $$7.6MeV$$ is split into two fragments $$Y$$ and $$Z$$ of mass numbers $$110$$ and $$130$$ the binding energy of nucleons in $$Y$$ is $$8.5MeV$$ per nucleon$$.$$ Calculate the energy $$Q$$ released per fission in $$MeV.$$   
  • 240$$\mathrm { Mev }$$
  • 216$$\mathrm { Mev }$$
  • 120$$\mathrm { Mev }$$
  • 108$$\mathrm { Mev }$$
What are the value of $$a$$ and $$b$$ respectively in the reaction  $${}_9^4Be + {}_2^4He \to {}_b^aX + {}_0^1n$$
  • $$17,7$$
  • $$7,11$$
  • $$12,6$$
  • $$6,12$$
Nucleus A is converted into C through the following reactions,
A$$\rightarrow $$B+$$\alpha $$
B$$\rightarrow$$C+2$$\beta $$
then,
  • A and B are isotopes
  • A and C are isobars
  • A and B are isobars
  • A and C are isotopes
Which one of the following cannot be used as a moderator in a nuclear reactor?
  • Water
  • Heavy water
  • Molten sodium
  • Graphite
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