CBSE Questions for Class 12 Medical Biology Biotechnology And Its Applications Quiz 2 - MCQExams.com

Pesticides are the substances used to kill or repel pests. On the basis of chemical structure, major pesticides are grouped under five categories.(i) organochlorines (ii) organophosphates (iii) carbamates (iv) pyrethroids (v) triazines. Organochlorines are basically organic compounds that have been chlorinated and have very low bio - degradation and get accumulated in environment and possess serious problems. DDT, BHC, Aldrin and Endosulphan are the examples of organochlorines.

 Fenitrothion is an example of organophosphate. 

So, the correct answer is 'If the assertion is true but the reason is false'

$$\textbf{Correct answer: A}$$ 

$$\textbf{Option (A):}$$ 

$$\bullet$$ Injecting a foreign gene into the animal gives rise to the animal genome containing an external gene from a different organism. 

$$\bullet$$ This is called a transgene asset that is transferred from a different source.

$$\bullet$$ The animal in which the gene transfer occurs is called the transgenic animal. 

$$\textbf{Option (B):}$$ 

$$\bullet$$ If the foreign gene transfer occurs in microorganisms then they are called transgenic organisms. 

$$\textbf{Option (C):}$$ 

$$\bullet$$ Gene transfer from a different source into a plant produces a transgenic plant.

$$\bullet$$ There are processes of direct gene transfer and vector-mediated gene transfer. 

$$\textbf{Option (D):}$$ 

$$\bullet$$ Transcription is the process of mRNA synthesis using the DNA of the organism.

$$\bullet$$ Transcribed animals have their genes undergoing transcription to show gene expression. 

Hence, the correct answer is option (A).

• Stem cells are cells found in most, if not all, multicellular organisms.
• They are characterized by the ability to renewing themselves through mitotic cell division and differentiation into the diverse range of specialized cell types. Example: bone marrow cells.
  Hence, option D is correct.

• Biopiracy is the illegal use of certain products which have an origin in some other area. Biopiracy is performed by obtaining patents for those products and having benefits without making the original region knowing about the same. 
• Biopiracy can be done with respect to research work going on in some other part of the world. The same organism or process can be used to obtain money and benefit. 
• Traditional knowledge about medicines or certain medicinal herbs can be exploited to obtain royalty through patents. Certain products like chemicals, biomolecules, drugs, and genes may already be discovered by a certain group. The right may be obtained against these products or these may be produced or sold to obtain money.

• Biopiracy is the term used to refer to the use of bio-resources by multinational companies and other organizations without proper authorization from the countries and people concerned without compensatory payment.  
• Examples of biopiracy of Indian plants are basmati rice, neem, turmeric, pomegranate, black pepper, and neem.
• So, the correct answer is option D.