CBSE Questions for Class 12 Medical Biology Biotechnology And Its Applications Quiz 3 - MCQExams.com

$$\textbf{Correct answer: A}$$  

$$\textbf{Option (A):}$$  

$$\bullet$$ The plant containing variation in the genetic composition comes under the gene pool of the organism. 

$$\bullet$$ A gene pool contains the collection of different genes in a population of a specific species. 

$$\bullet$$ This includes the genetic diversity of the population containing all the variants of different genes.

$$\bullet$$ So plant containing variation in genetic composition come under the gene pool. 

$$\textbf{Option (B):}$$  

$$\bullet$$ A chromosome is the condensed genetic material formed during cell division so that genetic material can be properly distributed between the daughter cells. 

$$\textbf{Option (C):}$$  

$$\bullet$$ Genetic resources are the genes that are found in plants and animals which are useful to humans.

$$\bullet$$ These are essential genes whose expression is important for humans.

Hence, the correct answer is option (A).

Correct Answer: D

Explanation:

• Biopiracy is the commercial exploitation of a company's bioresources by organizations and multinationals, with or without a patent, but without an Access and Benefit Sharing Agreement (ABA).
•  All organisms that can give commercial advantages are considered bioresources or biological resources. 
• They are plentiful in poor nations and have traditional bioresource expertise.
• Developed nations, on the other hand, are deficient in bioresources but abundant in technology. 
• Traditional knowledge aids in the development of refined products for commercialization by saving time, effort, and money.
  
• As a result, based on conventional knowledge, industrialized nations' institutions and enterprises are acquiring and exploiting bioresources from other countries by patenting them.
  

$$\textbf{Correct answer: A}$$  

$$\textbf{Option (A):}$$  

$$\bullet$$ Thailand's Ministry of Science claimed that the British University of Portsmouth collected 200 strains of fungi from Thailand on a research trip.

$$\bullet$$ But they did not return any of the 200 strains and it is an important issue as the fungi may play an important role in preparing anticancer drugs.

$$\bullet$$ Biopiracy is one of the biggest challenges to developing countries. It is unlawful and unethical exploitation of biological materials that are native to different countries.

Hence, the correct answer is option (A).

• WIPO stands for World Intellectual Property Organization which is responsible to promote the protection of intellectual property worldwide.
• WTO stands for World Trade Organization is responsible to ensure that the flows of trade are as smoothly, predictably, and freely as possible.
• Navdanya is an Indian non-governmental organization that promotes biodiversity conservation, organic farming, and the rights of farmers. Navdanya initiates the campaign against basmati rice.