CBSE Questions for Class 12 Medical Biology Biotechnology: Principles And Processes Quiz 14 - MCQExams.com

Recognition site plasmid having 2 Kbp at 500 bp, 800 bp, 1300 bp, 2000 bp
How many bands are visualise after gel electrophoresis after treating with R.E.
  • 2
  • 3
  • 1
  • 4
Study the following figures and identify the enzymes involved in steps I and II.
927851_ec239b1e099e4df29c106be091f9e577.PNG
  • EcoRI and DNA Ligase
  • Hind II and DNA Ligase
  • EcoRI and HindII
  • Restriction endonuclease and exonuclease
Which of the following contains the key tools for recombinant DNA technology?
(i) Restriction endonucleases, ligases, vectors(ii) Ligases, host organism, polymerase enzymes(iii) Vectors, Taq polymerase, primers(iv) Restriction exonucleases, ligases, primers, bioreactors
  • (i), (ii) and (iii)
  • (i) and (ii)
  • (i), (iii) and (iv)
  • (iii) and (iv)
The first restriction endonuclease isolated was
  • EcoRI
  • BamHI
  • SalI
  • Hindll
The term 'recombinant DNA' refers to
  • DNA of the host cell
  • DNA with a piece of foreign DNA
  • DNA with selectable marker
  • DNA with more than one recognition sites
In a cloning experiment using E.coli, a DNA fragment was inserted in an EcoRI restriction site of a plasmid vector that contained the $$kan^{R}$$ and $$spec^{R}$$ genes for resistance to the antibiotics kanamycin and spectinomycin, respectively. It was observed that all the positive clones (containing the DNA fragment of interest) grew on medium with kanamycin but not on media containing spectinomycin. Colonies, which grew on media with both antibiotics, did not contain the fragment of interest. In the absence of any other confounding factors, the statement(s) which could independently explain these observations is/are
  • The $$spec^{R}$$ gene contains a mutation which generates a stop codon within the gene
  • The EcoRI site was located within the $$spec^{R}$$ gene
  • The cloned DNA fragment was lethal to the cell
  • The clone fragment of interest produces a protein which binds and inactivates the protein produced by the $$spec^{R}$$ gene
Which one of the following characteristics is generally not preferred for a cloning vector?
  • An origin of replication
  • An antibiotic resistance marker
  • Multiple restriction sites
  • A high copy number
The given flow chart depicts the steps to transfer a desirable gene of interest into a plant.Isolation of desirable gene using restriction endonucleases and gel electrophoresis.
Regeneration of plants from the transformed cells to get transgenic plants.
Identify the missing steps (A, B and C) with regard to following statements and select the correct option.(i) Joining of desirable gene to a suitable cloning vector using ligases to create a recombinant DNA molecule(ii) Selection of transformed cells(iii) Transferring the recombinant DNA molecules to the target cells

928030_1e2e2f83e3db4b96ae39180164625532.PNG
  • A - i

    B - ii

    C - iii
  • A - i

    B - iii

    C - ii
  • A - ii

    B - iii

    C - i
  • A - iii

    B - i

    C - ii
Statement 1 : In insertional inactivation, blue colour produced by bacterial colonies indicates that the plasmid does not have an insert into the bacterial genome. 
Statement 2: Presence of insert results into insertional inactivation of -galactosidase enzyme and the colonies do not produce any colour.
  • Both statements 1 and 2 are correct
  • Statement 1 is correct but statement 2 is incorrect
  • Statement 1 is incorrect but statement 2 is correct
  • Both statements 1 and 2 are incorrect
In a polymerase chain reaction after the denaturation step why the mixture needs to cool down to a lower temperature?
  • To permit specific annealing of the primers
  • To give a halt to the reaction mixture
  • To increase the activity of enzyme Taq polymerase
  • To obtain the multiple copies of the DNA
The flow chart given below represents the process of recombinant DNA technology. Identify A, B, C and D
927894_3bba12c967de4c38a63e78fb7a99d5a3.PNG
  • A-Restriction endonuclease, B-Restriction exonuclease, C-DNA ligase, D-Transformation
  • A-Restriction endonuclease, B-Restriction endonuclease, C-DNA ligase, D-Transformation
  • A-Restriction endonuclease, B-Restriction endonuclease, C-Hydrolase, D-Transformation
  • A-Restriction endonuclease, B-Restriction endonuclease, C-Hydrolase, D-Transduction
Identify the palindromic sequence in the following.
  • $$\frac{GAATTC} {CTTUUG}$$
  • $$\frac{GGATCC} {CCTAGG}$$
  • $$\frac{CCTGG} {GGACC}$$
  • $$\frac{CGATA} {GCTAA}$$
How many fragments will be generated if you digest a linear DNA molecule with a restriction enzyme having four recognition sites on the DNA?
  • 3
  • 6
  • 5
  • 4
Which of the following steps should be performed by a person in order to visualise the bands of DNA fragments obtained from gel electrophoresis?
  • Exposure of DNA fragments to UV radiations
  • Staining with bromophenol blue followed by exposure to UV radiations
  • Staining with ethidium bromide followed by exposure to UV radiations
  • Person can see the bands without staining
Primers are
  • Chemically synthesised oligonucleotides that are complementary to the regions of DNA
  • Chemically synthesised oligonucleotides that are not complementary to the regions of DNA
  • Chemically synthesised, autonomously replicating circular DNA molecules
  • Specific sequences present on recombinant DNA
The gene 'rop' present in pBR322 cloning vector, codes for
  • The proteins involved in the translation
  • The proteins involved in the replication of the plasmid
  • The proteins involved in the synthesis of ampicillin only
  • The proteins involved in the synthesis of tetracycline only
Given figures represent the steps involved in polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Identify the steps A, B, C and D, and select the correct option.
ABCD
aDenaturation at 94-96 degree CExtension through Taq polymerase at 72 degree CRepetition of denaturation and annealingAnnealing at 72 degree C
bDenaturation at 94-96 degree CAnnealing at 40-60 degree CExtension through Taq polymerase at 72 degree CRepetition of denaturation and annealing
cDenaturation at 40-60 degree CAnnealing at 72 degree CExtension through Taq polymerase at 94-96  degree CRepetition of denaturation and annealing
dExtension through Taq polymerase at 72 degree CDenaturation at 40 degree CAnnealing at 72 degree CRepetition of denaturation and annealing
  • a
  • b
  • c
  • d
Select the correct option to fill up the blanks.

(i) _____ is a natural polymer extracted from ______.
(ii) The DNA fragments purified by gel electrophoresis are used in constructing _____ by joining them with ______.
(iii) The ligation of alien DNA is carried out at a _____ present in one of the two ____ in a plasmid vector.
(iv) _____ enzyme remains active during the high temperature-induced denaturation of ds DNA. DNA fragments are resolved according to their ______
(v) through _____ in agarose gel electrophoresis.
  • (i) Agarose, seaweeds (ii) recombinant DNA, cloning vector (iii) restriction site, antibiotic resistance genes (iv) Taq polymerase, size(v) sieving effect.
  • (i) Agarose, sea weeds (ii) Restriction site, antibiotic resistance genes (iii) recombinant DNA, cloning vector (iv) Taq polymerase (v) size, sieving effect
  • (i) Agarose, sea weeds (ii) restriction site, antibiotic resistance genes (iii A-DNA, cloning vector (iv) Taq polymerase (v) size, sieving effect
  • (i) Size, sieving effect (ii) agarose, sea weeds (iii) recombinant DNA, cloning vector (iv) Taq polymerase (v) restriction site, antibiotic resistance genes
Study the following statements regarding recombinant DNA technology and select the incorrect ones
(i) Taq polymerase extends the primers using the nucleotides provided in the reaction
(ii) Antibiotic resistance genes are considered as desirable genes in recombinant DNA technology
(iii) DNA fragments are separated according to their charge only, in agarose gel electrophoresis
(iv) Transformation is a procedure through which a piece of DNA is integrated into the genome of a host bacterium
(v) To produce higher yields of the desired protein, host cells can be multiplied in a continuous culture
(vi) Downstream processing is one of the steps of polymerase chain reaction
  • (i), (iii) and (vi)
  • (i), (iii) and (v)
  • (ii), (iii) and (v)
  • (i), (iv) and (v)
Which of the following techniques is used to make numerous copies of a specific segment of DNA quickly and accurately?
  • Translation
  • Transcription
  • Polymerase chain reaction
  • Ligase chain reaction
In PCR, short primers are added to single stranded DNA molecules in a test tube and the appropriate enzymes are included to make a copy of the DNA. Which of the following primers is needed for copying the single stranded DNA sequence $$ 5'TACGGTAGGTC3'$$ ?
  • $$5'ATGCC 3'$$
  • $$ 5'GACCT 3' $$
  • $$ 3'GACCT 5' $$
  • $$ 3'ATGCC 5' $$
Palimdromic DNA sequence for EcoRI is 
  • a. 5`- GATTA-3`
  • b.5`-GATTAG-3`
  • c.3`- CTTAAG-5`
  • D 3`-ATTGAG-5`
In a recombinant $$DNA$$ technique the term vector refers to 
  • plasmids that can transfer foreign $$DNA$$ into a living cell
  • cosmids that can cut $$DNA$$ at specific base sequence
  • plasmids that can join different $$DNA$$ fragments
  • cosmids that can degrade harmful proteins
Match the entries in Column -I with those of Column - II and choose the correct answer.
Column IColumn II
A. Restriction endonucleasesp. Kohler and Milstein
B. Polymerase Chain Reactionq. Alec Jeffreys
C. DNA fingerprintingr. Arber
D. Monoclonal antibodiess. Karry Mullis
  • $$A - r, B - s, C - q, D - p$$
  • $$A - r, B - q, C - s, D - p$$
  • $$A - q, B - r, C - s, D - p$$
  • $$A - q, B - s, C - r, D - q$$
Insect tolerant gene from Bacillus thuringiensis is introduced using Ti plasmid of
  • Escherichia coli
  • Haemophilus influenzae
  • Agrobacterium tumefaciencs
  • Arabidopsis thaliana
Which of the following steps is/are catalysed by Taq polymerase in a PCR?
  • Denaturation of template DNA
  • Annealing of primers to template DNA
  • Extension of primer end on template DNA
  • All of these
The role of enzyme E synthesized by phage $$\phi XI 74$$ during host infection is to
  • block peptidoglycan synthesis
  • enhance synthesis of viral + RNA
  • inhibit lipid metabolism
  • stimulate dsDNA replication
The restriction enzyme responsible for the cleavage of following sequence  is 
5' - G - T - C - G - A - C - 3'
3' - C - A - G - C - T - G - 5'
  • Alu I
  • Bam HI
  • Hind II
  • Eco RI
The sequence of strategies involved in the isolation of a gene of interest from a plant cell during the process of rDNA technology
  • Dissolution of biological membrane
  • Enzymatic digestion of cell wall
  • Precipitation of DNA
  • Removal of DNA by spoiling
Which one of the following palindromic base sequences in DNA can be easily cut at about the middle by some particular restriction enzyme?
  • $$5$$' ______ GAATTC ________$$3$$

    $$3$$' _______ CTTAAG __________$$5$$'
  • $$5$$' __________CACGTA _________ $$3$$'

    $$3$$'________ CTCAGT ________ $$5$$'
  • $$5$$' ________ CGTTCG ________ $$3$$'

    $$3$$' _________ATGGTA _________$$5$$'
  • $$5$$' _________ GATATG _________$$3$$'

    $$3$$'________CTACTA ________$$5$$'
Which of the following has popularised the PCR (Polymerase chain reactions)?
  • Easy availability of DNA template
  • Availability of synthesis primers
  • Availability of cheap deoxyribonucleotides
  • Availability of thermostable DNA polymerase
Select the option which gives correct  name for the restriction enzyme isolated from Haemophilus
  • Hpn I
  • Hae I
  • Hind III
  • Hai II
Find the odd one among the following methods.
  • Biolistics
  • Electrophoresis
  • Microinjection
  • Retroviral vector
A mixture containing DNA fragments, A, B, C and D, with molecular weights of A + B = C, A > B and D > C, was subjected to agarose gel electrophoresis. The positions of these fragments from cathode to anode sides of the gel would be 
  • D, C, A, B
  • A, B, C, D
  • C, B, A, D
  • B, A, D, C.
The polymerase chain reaction is a technique used for?
  • Amplification of DNA
  • Amplification of enzymes
  • Amplification of proteins
  • All of these
DNA probe is used in:
  • Gel electrophoresis
  • Northern blotting
  • DNA fingerprinting
  • Interferon synthesis
A bacterial cell was transformed with a recombinant DNA that was generated using a human gene. However, the transformed cells did not produce the desired protein. Reasons could be: 
  • Human gene may have intron which bacteria cannot process.
  • Amino acid codons for humans and bacteria are different.
  • Human protein is formed but degraded by bacteria.
  • All of the above.
Which of the given statement is correct in the context of observing DNA separated by agarose gel electrophoresis? 
  • DNA can be seen in visible light
  • DNA can be seen without staining in visible light
  • Ethidium bromide stained DNA can be seen in visible light
  • Ethidium bromide stained DNA can be seen under exposure to UVlight.
Restriction endonucleases was discovered in
  • 1942
  • 1966
  • 1950
  • 1970
Identify the wrong statement with regard to restriction enzymes.
  • They cut the strand of DNA at palindromic sites.
  • They are useful in genetic engineering.
  • Sticky ends can be joined by using DNA ligases.
  • Each restriction enzyme functions by inspection a DNA sequence.
The restriction endonuclease enzyme binds to the DNA and cut:
  • Any one strand of the double helix
  • Each of the two strands at specific points in their base - sugar bonds
  • Each of the two strands at specific points in their base - phosphate bonds
  • Each of the two strands at specific points in their sugar phosphate backbones
The DNA fragments separated on agarose gel can be visualised after staining with
  • Aniline blue
  • Ethidium bromide
  • Bromophenol blue
  • Acetocarmine
The whole genome of E.coli has $$4.6 \times 10^6$$ bp and is replicated within 38 minutes. The rate of DNA polymerisation in this bacteria is approximately 
  • 4000 bp/second
  • 2000 bp/second
  • 1500 bp/second
  • 200 bp/second
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