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CBSE Questions for Class 12 Medical Biology Environmental Issues Quiz 15 - MCQExams.com
CBSE
Class 12 Medical Biology
Environmental Issues
Quiz 15
Depletion of the Ozone layer in the stratosphere is caused by.
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Carbon monoxide
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Hydrocarbons
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Nitrogen dioxide
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Polychloro-biphenyls
Ozone layer depletion is caused by
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AFC's
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BFC's
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CFC's
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DFC's
Electrostatic precipitators (ESP) are used to control
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pesticide pollution
0%
air pollution
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radioactive pollution
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water pollution
Explanation
Electrostatic precipitators (ESP) is
a device that removes suspended dust particles from a gas or exhaust by applying a high-voltage electrostatic charge and collecting the particles on charged plates.
Electrostatic precipitator
, also called
electrostatic
air cleaner, a device that uses an electric charge to remove certain impurities—either solid particles or liquid droplets—from the air or other gases.
So, the correct option is 'Air pollution'.
Some statements are given below each with one or two blanks. Select the option that correctly fills up the blanks.
(i) High concentration of DDT disturbs_____ in birds, which causes______.
(ii) _______ burns more efficiently as compared to petrol and diesel.
(iii) ______ is the natural ageing of a lake which occurs due to accumulation of_______.
(iv) ______ reduces the number of organisms which are sensitive to high temperature.
(v) Irreparable computers and other electronic goods are known as _______.
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(i) Calcium metabolism, thinning of eggshell (ii) CNG (iii) Eutrophication, nitrates and phosphates (iv) Thermal wastewater (v) Electronic waste
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(i) Protein metabolism, thickening of eggshell (ii) CNG (iii) Eutrophication, nitrates and phosphates (iv) Thermal wastewater (v) Electronic waste
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(i) Calcium metabolism, thinning of eggshell (ii) Coal (iii) Biomagnification, nitrates and phosphates (iv) Organic wastewater (v) Inorganic waste
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(i) Calcium metabolism, thickening of eggshell (ii) CNG (iii) Biomagnification, DDT and mercury (iv) Thermal wastewater (v) Electronic waste
Accelerated eutrophication occurs due to?
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Increase in amount of dissolved oxygen.
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Disposal of waste rich in nitrates and phosphates.
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Increase in concentration of DDT and mercury in water.
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Unsafe disposal of radioactive wastes.
Explanation
Eutrophication is the natural aging of a lake by nutrient enrichment of its water. With time, streams draining into the lake introduce nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus, which encourage the growth of algae. This results in algal blooms that lead to the deterioration of water quality and fish mortality.
Thus, the correct answer is option B.
Kyoto protocol is a multination international treaty for
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phasing out greenhouse gases
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controlling ozone destroying substances
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management of hazardous wastes
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conservation of biodiversity
Explanation
The Kyoto protocol is an international treaty which extends the 1992 united nations framework convention on climate change (UNFCC) that commits state parties to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, based on the scientific consensus that global warming is occurring.
So, the correct option is Phasing out greenhouse gases.
When there is depletion of ozone in the stratosphere the wavelength of radiation striking the earth's surface will be ............
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$$10^{-2}$$ m
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$$10^{-7}$$ m
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$$10^{-10}$$ m
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100 m
Particulate and gaseous pollutants along with harmless gases are released from the thermal power plants. Name the most widely used device of removing particulate pollutants from the air.
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Electrostatic precipitator
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Fabric filters
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Cyclone separators
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None of the above
Explanation
An electrostatic precipitator is widely used to eliminate particulate and gaseous pollutants from the air with the help of a high-voltage electrostatic charge. Thermal power plants release various harmful gases and particulate matter in the environment such as sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and other harmful emissions. Electrostatic precipitators are known to be very effective in removing the harmful chemicals present in the emissions. They are the best device for controlling air pollution.
So, the correct answer is 'Electrostatic precipitator'.
Which of the following methods of waste management produce energy?
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Biomedical waste management
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Safe landfill sites
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Industrial solid waste management
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Pyrolysis
Which of the following are main responsible for ozone depletion?
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Chlorofluorocarbons
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Hydrocarbons
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Carbon monoxide
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Carbon dioxide
Explanation
Ozone depletion occurs when chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) present in aerosols and refrigerants are released into the stratosphere.
Ultraviolet radiations from the sun break these CFCs molecules and release the chlorine atoms.
Chlorine atom reacts with the ozone (
O
3
) molecules and starts the ozone destruction cycle.
So, the correct answer is 'Chlorofluorocarbons'.
The pollutant that causes hole in the ozone layer is
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$$SF_{6}$$
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nitrousoxide
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$$CFC_{s}$$
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$$PFC_{s}$$
In 2015 and 2017, there was very heavy rain in our state. In 2016, there was no adequate rain. These extreme conditions are due to
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Uneven distribution of human population
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Global warming
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Depletion of ground water
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Ozone depletion
Explanation
Global warming refers to an increase in the overall temperature of the atmosphere due to accumulation of
greenhouse gases that trap
long wave radiations. Due to this, the water cycle is affected because the cloud formation is erroneous. This causes disturbed pattern of rainfall. Other effects of global warming are shown in the following diagram:
_____________ is the first country to have phased out the CFCs and HCFCs which are responsible for the depletion of the ozone layer
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Denmark
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Germany
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France
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Spain
Snow blindness is caused due to
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Global warming
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Ozone depletion
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Greenhouse effect
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Bio magnification
Explanation
Snow blindness also called as photokeratitis occurs due to reflection of UV light from the surface of the snow, where the layer of ozone is thin and allows maximum penetration of UV light on the surface of the earth. This condition is majorly observed at the poles.
So, the correct answer is 'ozone depletion'
Ultraviolet radiation which is not lethal but harm to the organism is
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0.1-0.28
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0.28-0.32
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0.32-0.4
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0.4-0.5
The earth's radiation is often referred to as __________ radiation, while the sun's radiation is often referred to as ___________ radiation.
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Shortwave, longwave
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Shortwave, shortwave
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Longwave, shortwave
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Longwave, longwave
Ideal conditions for a strong radiation inversion:
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Clear, calm, dry, winter night
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Clear, calm, moist, summer night
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Cloudy, calm, moist, winter night
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Cloudy, windy, moist, summer night
Melanornia (skin cancer) is associated with
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ozone accumulation
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ozone depletion
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acid rain
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allergens
The planet with a strong greenhouse effect, whose surface temperature averages $$480^{o}C$$ $$(900^{o}F)$$ is :
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Earth
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Venus
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Mars
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Pluto
What gases are involved in ozone depletion?
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Nitrogen
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Chlorine and Bromine
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Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and Ozone Depleting Substances (ODS)
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Both B and C
What does a single chlorine free radical destroy?
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Ultraviolet radiations
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Atmosphere
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Biosphere
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Ozone layer
The indoor pollutant radon which is a radioactive gas causes
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lung cancer
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anemia
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hormone disorder
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cardiac arrest
Free radicals of bromine are more destructive than _______ in case of ozone depletion.
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Carbon
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Chlorine
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Phosphorous
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Nitrogen
Explanation
Free radicals are molecules with unpaired valency electrons, they are uncharged molecules so they are highly reactive.
The presence of free radicles in the atmosphere leads to depletion of the ozone layer (it act as a shield for the earth as it traps UV radiations which are harmful to organisms as they can damage skin cells, mutate DNA, and can even cause skin cancer).
Refrigerants such as CFCs, and halons dissociate and produce free radical forms of bromine and chlorine in the earth's stratosphere.
A single chlorine atom can destroy thousands of ozone molecules but b
romine is about 50 times more efficient than chlorine at destroying stratospheric ozone.
So, the correct answer is option B.
Which of the following is depleted by CFCs?
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Atmosphere
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Ozone Layer
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Biosphere
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Hydrosphere
Explanation
CFCs are the organic compounds containing carbon, fluorine and chlorine atoms. CFCs are involved in the greenhouse effect. It is particularly harmful because of its destructive reactions with ozone particles, which is responsible to protect the earth from UV radiations.
Hence have a role in the depletion of the ozone layer.
Thus the correct answer is option B.
How long does an acid airborne form in atmosphere?
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6 to 7 days
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2 to 5 days
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1 to 2 days
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5 to 6 days
What causes effects of ozone layer?
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Alpha Radiations
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Ultraviolet Radiations
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Gamma radiations
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Beta Radiations
Organic pollutants are discharged as a municipal sewage and
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Industrial effluents
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Mining Pollution
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Natural pollution
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Artificial Pollution
Waste which arise from household, institutions, markets and other activities is known as
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Industrial Waste
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Municipal Waste
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Hazardous Waste
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Solid waste
The ozone hole over
Antarctica
was discovered in the
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1955
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1965
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1970
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1985
Which source of air pollution has a large stationary source?
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Point Source
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Area Source
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Line Source
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Mobile Source
In pulverization, volume and physical characteristics of solid waste are
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Not Changed
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Changed
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Remain constant
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unstable
Material produced by weathering accumulates in ?
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Sedimentary Rocks
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Depositional basins
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Basins
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Igneous rocks
Explanation
Weathering breaks the pre-existing
rock
into small fragments or new
minerals
. Transportation of the sediments to a sedimentary basin.
As the sediments are buried, they are subject to increasing pressure and begin the processes of compaction and lithification that transform them into
sedimentary
rock.
So the correct answer is option B.
Which chemical is a 'ozone' depleting solvent?
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PAN
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CFCs
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Carbon tetrachloride
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Nitrogen
'HCFCs' can be used in refrigerants instead of
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$$CO_{2}$$
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Chlorine
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CFCs
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$$O_{2}$$
HCs are thermodynamically not stable towards
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Acidification
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Decomposition
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Reduction
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Oxidation
Chlorine free radical reacts with 'ozone' to form _______.
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CFCs
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Chlorine oxide
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$$N_{2}$$
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Bromine oxide
Scientists predicted, ecosystem would adversely affected by
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Global Warming
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Urbanization
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Deforestation
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Acid deposition
What does solid waste consist?
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Mud
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Sand
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dust
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All of above
What does total solid include?
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Total Solid Waste
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Total Dissolved Solids
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Total Suspended Solids
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Both b and c
'Human activities' are playing main role in causing;
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Acid deposition
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Global warming
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Deforestation
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Urbanization
What is involved in ozone depletion?
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Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
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Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)
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Carbon tetrafluoride (CF4)
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All of above
Tropospheric ozone harmful effects on humans, included:
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Chest pain
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Throat irritation
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Vomiting
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Both A and B
Which among the following alkane has largely replaced the ozone layer-depleting halomethanes in household refrigerators and freezers?
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Methane
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Propane
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Butane
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Ethane
The hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) are the compounds that have the following molecules: hydrogen, carbon, chlorine, fluorine. Which among the above plays the most important role in ozone depletion?
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Hydrogen
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Carbon
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Chlorine
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Flourine
At which of the following places First Global Conference on depletion of Ozone layer was held?
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Geneva
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Vienna
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London
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Frankfurt
'Nitric acid' reacts with ozone, resulting in the production of __________.
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$$O_3$$
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CO
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$$CO_2$$
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$$NO_2$$
Which among the following gas is used as reference to calculate "Global Warming Potential (GWP)"?
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Carbon Dioxide
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Methane
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Ozone
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Nitrogen Di-oxide
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