CBSE Questions for Class 12 Medical Biology Environmental Issues Quiz 8 - MCQExams.com

• Afforestation is the process of establishment of a forest or stands of trees in areas where there no forest exists. 
• It not only creates forests but also increases the carbon capture and sequestration besides improving biodiversity. 
• Understanding the role of trees as a critical part of the urban infrastructure, most governments are trying to increase forest areas close to human settlements. 
• Such afforestation initiatives are part of the social forestry programs. The afforestation efforts will in general increase rainfall

• Certain measures can be taken in order to save fuel and sources of energy. 
• One of the measures which can be taken is to reduce the use of vehicles for short distances. 
• Hereby, the fuel used by these automobiles will not be wasted. The motorbikes should not be used for traveling shorter distances which can be covered by walking or using the bicycle. 
• The public transport can be used for reducing the consumption of fuel.

• Conservation of energy is required to meet the increasing demand of growing population. 
• One of the measures which can be taken is to reduce the use of the number of vehicles. 
• Hereby, the fuel used by these automobiles will be less. When there are colleagues which live in the same colony or near to each other, the four people can use and travel to the office by using the same vehicle.
• This will reduce the amount of fuel required by vehicles of four people.
• Thus, the correct answer is option B. 

• Due to the ozone depletion, the UV rays are filtered in the Earth's atmosphere. 
• This ray results in the development of various diseases. One of the common disorder is erythema. 
• This is a disease in which there are reddening and swelling of the skin. There is swelling of the mucous membranes. 
• There is an increase in the blood flow from the peripheral capillaries which results in inflammation.
• Thus, the correct answer is option D. 

$$\textbf{Correct option: }$$ C

$$\textbf{Solution: }$$ 

$$\textbf{Option (C) }$$

$$\bullet$$The pollutants emitted by the automobile exhaust are nitrogen oxides, gases and fine particles, such as hydrocarbons, ethane, and ethylene.

$$\bullet$$One of the major steps taken by the Government of India to control pollution includes the amendment of compulsory PUC (Pollution Under control). 

$$\bullet$$The certification of the petrol driven vehicles should be provided which test carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon emission of the vehicles. 

$$\bullet$$The smog is a form of air pollution which can reduce the visibility in the atmosphere. 

$$\bullet$$The increased amount of smog is detected in the state of delhi depicting that the vehicular transportation of the state is not following the PUC norms. 

Hence, the correct option is (C)

• The biomedical wastes may contain the blood, disposed of cotton, bandages, tissues, needles, syringes, etc. 
• These biomedical wastes should be disposed of properly through incineration. 
• The wastes if not handled properly might result in bacterial infections, AIDS, tuberculosis, hepatitis, etc. 
• AIDS is a syndrome that is acquired due to HIV which can be present in the blood of the infected person.
• The infected blood may lead to the spread of the disease. 

• Chlorofluorocarbon accounts for 80% of the depletion of the ozone layer in the atmosphere. 
• CFCs contain chlorine atoms which when exposed to UV radiations from chlorine ions. 
• These chlorine ions react with the ozone molecule and remove an oxygen atom at a time and thus, breaking down ozone molecules. 
• One atom of chlorine can decompose 100,000 molecules of ozone.

• Maharashtra has the most polluted rivers in India. After Maharashtra, Gujarat has the most polluted rivers. 
• Some of the most polluted rivers are Vena, Godavari, Bhima, Krishna, Tapi, Panchganga, Mithi, Vaitarna, and Wardha. 
• Out of all these rivers, Panchaganga is the most polluted river in Maharashtra which is near the industrial belts of Raigad district. 
• Industrial waste and effluent discharge have polluted Panchaganga river and turned the water green. 

• Organic foods or products are preferred because it has high nutritional value than conventional food. 
• The reason for this is the absence of pesticides & fertilizers.  
• In the absence of these, the plants boost their production of phytochemicals that strengthen their resistance to bugs and weeds.

• The use of animal manures (often made into compost), cover crops, crop rotation, and biologically based pest controls resulted in a better farming system. 
• This was observed by Sir Albert Howard, F.H. King, and Rudolf Steiner in the early 1900s and the concepts of organic agriculture was developed.
  

• Agroforestry is the planting of trees, shrubs, and others in between crop plants.
• Advantages of agroforestry practices include Increased crop production and economic gain. Soil conservation and improved soil quality. Sequestration of atmospheric carbon.
• Hence Planting of trees, shrubs, and others in between crop plants for stabilization of soil is Agroforestry.
• So, the correct answer is 'Agroforestry'.

• Afforestation is the process of planting trees, or sowing seeds, in a barren land devoid of any trees to create a forest. The term should not be confused with reforestation, which is the process of specifically planting native trees into a forest that has decreasing numbers of trees.
• Hence Afforestation in relation to urban(cities) development is a component of Integrated forest development.
  
• So, the correct answer is 'Integrated forest development'.