CBSE Questions for Class 12 Medical Biology Evolution Quiz 11 - MCQExams.com

Consider the following st.atments :
1 The first living organisms on planet Earth originated in water.
When life originated on planet Earth, the atmosphere contained nitrogen,ammonia, ozone, hydrogen, caibon dioxide, methane and water vapour.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
  • 1 only
  • 2 only
  • Both 1 and 2
  • Neither 1 nor 2
The Hardy-Weinberg law is expressed as $$(p+q)2$$, where p and q stands for.
  • Frequency of heterozygote
  • Frequency of alleles in population
  • Gene frequencies in population
  • Genotypes frequencies in population
Match the following pairs correctly .
FishThree Chambered heart
LizardIncomplete four chambered heart
ManTwo chambered heart
FrogComplete four chambered heart
  • (i)- b , (ii)- c , (iii)- a , (iv)- d
  • (i)- c , (ii)- b , (iii)- d , (iv)- a
  • (i)- a , (ii)- c , (iii)- d , (iv)- b
  • (i)- c , (ii)- a , (iii)- d , (iv)- b
In a random mating population frequency of recessive allele is $$0.5$$. What is the frequency of dominant phenotypes in population?
  • $$0.25$$
  • $$0.50$$
  • $$0.75$$
  • $$0.20$$
Match List-I(Eras) with List-II(Life forms on earth of that era) are select the correct answer.
List-IList-II
a. Cenozoic$$1$$. Oxygen producing photosynthesizing organisms
b. Palaeozoic$$2$$. Amphibians
c. Mesozoic$$3$$. Reptiles
d. Precambrian$$4$$. Modern flora and mammals
  • A-$$3$$, B-$$2$$, C-$$1$$, D-$$4$$
  • A-$$2$$, B-$$1$$, C-$$3$$, D-$$4$$
  • A-$$4$$, B-$$2$$, C-$$3$$, D-$$1$$
  • A-$$2$$, B-$$1$$, C-$$4$$, D-$$3$$
By studying analogous structures , we look for.............
  • Similarities in appearance and function but difference in structure
  • Similarities in appearance but difference in function
  • Similarities in organ structure
  • Similarities in cell make up
Which of the following shows convergent evolution?
  • Mouse and Marsupial mole
  • Bobcat and Spotted cuscus
  • Anteater and Numbat
  • Lemur and Tasmanian wolf
Culture is journey of man from cave (darkness) to home (light).
  • True
  • False
Culture means whatever we possess and civilization means 'what we are'.
  • True
  • False
Adaptive radiation means.
  • Migration of daughter populations to newer localities without losing capacity for exchange of genes with parental populations
  • Formation of sympatric populations that cannot exchange genes
  • The ultimate stage in isolation mechanism
  • The manifestation of geographical isolation that ultimately lead to reproductive isolation
Which one of the following is an essential condition for a population to be at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
  • Random mating
  • Immigration
  • Emigration
  • Geographical isolation
The process of evolution of different species in a given geographical area starting from a point and literally radiating to other area of geography(habitat) is called _____________.
  • Convergent evolution
  • Parallel evolution
  • Adaptive radtiation
  • Both 1 and 2
According to abiogenesis, life originated from
  • Non-living matter
  • Pre-existing life
  • Oxygen
  • Extra-terrestrial matter
Major radiation of mammals, birds and pollinating insects took place in which epoch?
  • Oligocene
  • Eocene
  • Pliocene
  • Palaeocene
Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given .
Formation of microspheres, liposomes, and coacervates all require
  • RNA
  • a membrane potential
  • self-assembly
  • phospholipids
Which of the following pair of mammal is not an example of convergent evolution?
  • Mole - Marsupial mouse
  • Anteater - Numbat
  • Lemur - Spotted cuscus
  • Lemur - Numbat
Which of the following defines Hardy-Weinberg law?
  • $$p^2+3pq+q^2 = 1$$
  • $$p^2+2pq+q^2 = 1$$
  • $$p^2+2pq+q^2 = 0$$
  • $$p^2+q^2+2pq = 0$$
Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given .
Which of the following is not a place where polymers may have arisen?
  • Hydrothermal vents
  • On rocks beside the sea
  • In clay
  • In the atmosphere
State whether the following statements are true or false .
The present cellular forms of life evolved from molecular aggregates capable of self duplication by a slow process of sequential changes called organic evolution.
  • True
  • False
Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given .-
Which of the following events did not occur during the Precambrian era?
  • Evolution of the prokaryotic cell
  • Evolution of the eukaryotic cell
  • Evolution of multicellularity
  • All of the above occurred during the Precambrian era
State whether the following statements are true or false .
The plausibility of Oparins theory depends greatly on the earths being somewhat different than that it is now.
  • True
  • False
Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given .
For an adaptive radiation to be successful
  • Transitional form must be provided physical access to the new environment
  • Transitional form must face high levels of competition in order to refine the adaptations that allowed it to enter the new environment
  • Invader organisms must have a design appropriate for the new environment
  • Both (b) and (c)
Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given:
Which of the following is incorrectly matched?
  • Homo erectus made tools
  • Homo habilis controlled fire
  • Cro-magnon were good artists
  • Neanderthals were good hunters
Which of the following animals show adaptive radiation based on locomotion?
  • Scorpion, elephant, human
  • Cheetah, kangaroo, mole
  • Praying mantis, seal, python
  • Cockroach, squirrel, toad
In the population of $$50,000$$ individuals, if the frequency of recessive allele for a character is $$40\%$$, then find the number of organisms having dominant character :-
  • $$30,000$$
  • $$4200$$
  • $$42,000$$
  • $$36,000$$
In a random mating population frequency of dominant allele is 0.What will be the frequency of homozygous dominant phenotype?
  • 0.49
  • 0.09
  • 0.3
  • 0.21
Which is the correct sequence of cranial capacities according to increasing manner?
  • Australopithecus - Homo erectus - Cro magnon man - Neanderthal man
  • Homo erectus Ramapithecus Homo habilis Neanderthal man
  • Australopithecus - Homo habilis - Homo erectus - Neanderthal man
  • Cro-Magnon man - Dryopithecus - Heidelberg man - Neanderthal man
Which of the following statements, support the view that elaborate sexual reproductive process appeared much later in the organic evolution?
(i) Lower groups of organisms have simpler body design.
(ii) Asexual reproduction is common in lower groups.
(iii) Asexual reproduction is common in higher groups of organisms.
(iv) The high incidence of sexual reproduction in angiosperms and vertebrates.
  • (i), (ii) and (iii)
  • (i), (iii) and (iv)
  • (i), (ii) and (iv)
  • (ii), (iii) and (iv)
Who proposed that the first form of life could have come from pre-existing non-living organic molecules?
  • S.L. Miller
  • Oparin and Haldane
  • Charles Darwin
  • Alfred Wallace
The following are some major events in the early history of life:
P. First heterotrophic prokaryotes
Q. First genes
R. First eukaryotes
S. First autotrophic prokaryotes
T. First animals
Which option below places these events in the correct order?
  • $$P\rightarrow Q\rightarrow S\rightarrow R\rightarrow T$$
  • $$Q\rightarrow S\rightarrow R\rightarrow P\rightarrow T$$
  • $$Q\rightarrow P\rightarrow S\rightarrow R\rightarrow T$$
  • $$Q\rightarrow S\rightarrow P\rightarrow R\rightarrow T$$
Each of us is part of the ongoing evolution of the species. Which of the following occurences would have the greatest impact on the future biological evolution of the human population?
  • A mutation occurs in one of your sperm or egg cells
  • You do exercise every day so that you stay physically fit and healthy
  • You move to Kerala, the state of highest medical facilities and literacy
  • You encourage your children to develop their intellectual abilities
Match column I with column II and select the correct option from the given codes.
Column IColumn II
A. Wallace(i) Essay on population
B. Malthus(ii) Biston
C. Hardy-Weinberg law(iii) $$p^{2} + q^{2} + 2pq = 1$$
D. Industrial melanism(iv) Co-proposer of natural selection
  • $$A - (iii), B - (iv), C - (ii), D - (i)$$
  • $$A - (ii), B - (i), C - (iv), D - (iii)$$
  • $$A - (iv), B - (i), C - (ii), D - (iii)$$
  • $$A - (iv), B - (i), C - (iii), D - (ii)$$
Refer to the given figure. What does it represent?
927947_cbaf56a6612c47d0a04d182cc493da83.jpg
  • Convergent evolution
  • Adaptive radiation
  • Divergent evolution
  • Both (b) and (c)
At a particular locus, frequency of allele A is $$0.6$$ and that of allele a is $$0.4$$. What would be the frequency of heterozygotes in a random mating population at equilibrium?
  • $$0.36$$
  • $$0.16$$
  • $$0.24$$
  • $$0.48$$
The Hardy-Weinberg principle cannot operate if
  • A population does not migrate for a longtime to a new habitat
  • Frequent mutations occur in the population
  • The population has no chance of interaction with other populations
  • Free interbreeding occurs among all members of the population
Match column I with column II and select the correct option from the given codes.
Column IColumn II
A. Saltation(i) Darwin
B. Formation of life was preceded by chemical evolution(ii) Louis Pasteur
C. Reproductive fitness(iii) De Vries
D. Life comes from pre-existing life(iv) Oparin and Haldane
  • $$A - (iii), B - (iv), C - (i), D - (ii)$$
  • $$A - (iv), B - (iii), C - (ii), D - (i)$$
  • $$A - (ii), B - (iii), C - (i), D - (iv)$$
  • $$A - (i), B - (iv), C - (iii), D - (ii)$$
The correct sequence for the manufacture of the compounds on the primitive earth is
  • $$NH_{3}, CH_{4}$$, protein and carbohydrate
  • Protein, carbohydrate, water and nucleic acid
  • $$NH_{3}, CH_{4}$$, carbohydrate and nucleic acid
  • $$NH_{3}$$, carbohydrate, protein and nucleic acid
Which of the following eras, in geological time scale, corresponds to the period when life had not originated upon the earth?
  • Azoic
  • Palaeozoic
  • Mesozoic
  • Archaeozoic
Which of following represents correct order of evolution?
  • $$Amoeba \rightarrow Leucosolenia \rightarrow Hydra \rightarrow Ascaris$$
  • $$Leucosolenia \rightarrow Hydra \rightarrow Amoeba \rightarrow Ascaris$$
  • $$Ascaris \rightarrow Amoeba \rightarrow Leucosolenia \rightarrow Hydra$$
  • None of these
Golden age of reptiles was
  • Proterozoic era
  • Palaeozoic era
  • Mesozoic era
  • Coenozoic era
Identify the correct arrangement of periods of Palaeozoic era in ascending order in geological time scale.
  • $$Cambrian \rightarrow Devonian \rightarrow Ordovician \rightarrow Silurian \rightarrow Carboniferous \rightarrow Permian$$
  • $$Cambrian \rightarrow Ordovician \rightarrow Silurian \rightarrow Devonian \rightarrow Carboniferous \rightarrow Permian$$
  • $$Cambrian \rightarrow Ordovician \rightarrow Devonian \rightarrow Silurian \rightarrow Carboniferous \rightarrow Permian$$
  • $$Silurian \rightarrow Devonian \rightarrow Cambrian \rightarrow Ordovician \rightarrow Permian \rightarrow Carboniferous$$
Read the given statements (i)-(iv) regarding evolution and select the incorrect ones.
(i) The oceanic water rich in mixture of organic compounds was termed by J.B.S. Haldane $$(1920)$$ as 'hot dilute soap of organic substances'.
(ii) The term coacervate was given by Syndey Fox.
(iii) First cellular form of life appeared approximately $$2000\ mya$$ on earth.
(iv) The first geological time scale was developed by Georges Cuvier.
  • (ii) and (iv)
  • (i) and (ii)
  • (ii) and (iii)
  • (iii) and (iv)
The 'Devonian period' is considered to be as
  • Age of fishes
  • Age of amphibians
  • Age of reptiles
  • Age of mammals
Consider the following three statements and select the correct option stating which one is true (T) and which one is false (F).
(i) The skull of baby chimpanzee is more like adult human skull than adult chimpanzee skull.
(ii) The first mammals were like shrews.
(iii) The work of Thomas Malthus on populations influenced Lamarck.
  • (i) - T, (ii) - F, (iii) - T
  • (i) - F, (ii) - T, (iii) - T
  • (i) - T, (ii) - T, (iii) - F
  • (i) - F, (ii) - T, (iii) - F
Given below are four statement (i) - (iv) regarding geological time scale. Read them carefully.
(i) Palaeozoic era is the era of ancient life.
(ii) Ordovician period is the age of vertebrates.
(iii) Carboniferous period is the age of reptiles
(iv) Proterozoic era is the era of early life.
Which of the above two statements are incorrect?
  • (i) and (iv)
  • (ii) and (iii)
  • (ii) and (iv)
  • (i) and (iii)
Amphibians were dominant during ________ period.
  • Carboniferous
  • Silurian
  • Ordovician
  • Cambrian
$$(p + q)^{2} = p^{2} + 2pq + q^{2} = 1$$ represents an equation used in
  • Population genetics
  • Mendelian genetics
  • Biometrics
  • Molecular genetics
The independent evolution of geographically separate but related species in a way that produces similar forms is known as
  • Parallel evolution
  • Co-evolution
  • Convergent evolution
  • Synergistic evolution
The most accepted line of descent in human evolution is
  • $$Australopithecus \rightarrow Ramapithecus \rightarrow Homo\ sapiens \rightarrow Homo\ habilis$$
  • $$Homo\ erectus \rightarrow Homo\ habilis \rightarrow Homo\ sapiens$$
  • $$Ramapithecus \rightarrow Homo\ habilis \rightarrow Homo\ erectus \rightarrow Homo\ sapiens$$
  • $$Australopithecus \rightarrow Ramapithecus \rightarrow Homo\ erectus \rightarrow Homo\ habilis \rightarrow Homo sapiens$$
Who proposed that the first form of life could have come from pre-existing non-living organic molecule?
  • S. L. Miller
  • Oparin and Haldane
  • Alfred Wallace
  • Hugo de Vries
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