CBSE Questions for Class 12 Medical Biology Evolution Quiz 12 - MCQExams.com

Which one of the following correctly describes the homologous structures?
  • Organs with anatomical similarities, but performing different functions.
  • Organs with anatomical dissimilarities, but performing same function
  • Organs that have no function now, but had an important function in ancestors.
  • Organs appearing only in embryonic stages and disappearing later in the adult.
The character that proves that frogs have evolved from fishes is:
  • their ability to swim in water
  • tadpole larva in frogs
  • similarity in the shape of the head
  • their feeding on aquatic plants.
In a population with two alleles for a gene locus (P and p), the allele frequency of P is 0.What would be the frequency of heterozygotes if the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
  • 0.49
  • 0.42
  • 0.21
  • 0.09
Match the scientists listed under Column 'A' with ideas listed under Column 'B'.
Column AColumn B
A. Darwin(i) Abiogenesis
B. Oparin(ii) Use and disuse of organs
C. Lamarck(iii) Continental drift theory
D. Wagener(iv) Evolution by natural selection
  • $$A - (i); B - (iv); C - (ii); D - (iii)$$
  • $$A - (iv); B - (i); C - (ii); D - (iii)$$
  • $$A - (ii); B - (iv); C - (iii); D - (i)$$
  • $$A - (iv); B - (iii); C - (ii); D - (i)$$
Evolution of life shows that life forms had a trend of moving from _________________.
  • Land to water
  • Dryland to we land
  • Fresh water to sea water
  • Water to land
The Scientist related with the theory of biogenesis and who has done experiment with the swan-necked flask is
  • Haeckel
  • Louis Pasteur
  • van Helmont
  • Milter
Earth is a/an
  • Open system
  • Closed system
  • Both A and B
  • None of the above
Which one of the following statements is correct?
  • Australopithecus is the real ancestor of modern man.
  • Neanderthal man is the direct ancestor of Homo sapiens.
  • Homo erectus is the ancestor of man.
  • Cro-magnon man's fossil has been found in Ethiopia.
At the time when earth originated there was large amount of methane and other hydrocarbons but now in the present atmosphere, it has been replaced by
  • H$$_2$$
  • CO$$_2$$
  • O$$_2$$
  • N$$_2$$
Life is present even below the sheet of ice in Antarctica because 
  • Water possesses high latent heat.
  • Water is source of molecular oxygen to biosphere.
  • Being bad conductor of heat, ice protects the water from freezing underneath.
  • Water helps in synthesis as well as breaking up of complex molecules.
How many of the following develops as a result of divergent evolution i.e. the same structure developed along with different directions due to adaptation to different needs?

(a) Sweet potato and potato
(b) Thorn of Bougainvillea and tendril of Cucurbita
(c) Flippers of penguin and dolphin
(d) Wings of bat and flippers of the whale
(e) Eyes of octopus and mammals
(f) The sting of honey bee and scorpion
  • Two
  • Three
  • Four
  • Five
The diversity within the wild bird species in the diagram below can best be explained by which process?
1069089_a4b60978c7a54bd996becd9fc1cb0127.PNG
  • Natural selection
  • Ecological succession
  • Adaptive radiation
  • Both A and C
Divergent evolution of a single group of organism in a new environment is called ............
  • Adaptive radiation
  • Catastrophism
  • Convergent evolution
  • None of the above
Adaptive radiation is based on
  • Convergent Evolution
  • Divergent Evolution
  • Both A and B
  • None of the above
Dryopithecus is considered to be
  • Ancestral form of ape
  • Ancestral form of monkeys
  • Connecting links between ape and man
  • Common ancestor of ape and man
The theory states that living organisms originate from pre-existing organisms
  • Theory of Catastrophism
  • Theory of Panspermia
  • Biogenesis theory
  • Theory of Spontaneous generation
When more than one adaptive radiation appeared to have occured in an isolated geographical area. it is called ?
  • Divergent evolution
  • Convergent evolution
  • Anthropogenic evolution
  • Saltation
Arborescent lycopods , horse tails and ferns dominated land during?
  • Silurian period
  • Devonian period
  • Carboniferous period
  • Triassic period
Evolution has exhibited a greater stability of molecular structure when compared with .............
  • Morphological structure
  • Genetic structure
  • Embryological structure
  • None of the above
Which of the following is first example of class Homo sapiens?
  • Neanderthal
  • Dryopithecus
  • Cro Magnon
  • Ramapithecus
Example of adaptive radiation is
  • Darwin's finches
  • Human evolution
  • Black winged moth
  • (1) & (2) both
First life on earth was?
  • Cyanobacteria
  • Chemoheterotrophs
  • Autotrophs
  • Photoautotrophs
Evolution of heart from one to two, three and four chambered proves:
  • Biogenic law of Haeckel.
  • Neo darwinism.
  • Lamarkism
  • hardy weinberg's law.
According to available evidence life evolved through the process of?
  • Abiogenesis
  • Biogenesis
  • Special creation
  • Spontaneous generation
According to theory of abiogenesis, life originates from?
  • Non-living
  • Spontaneously
  • Chemicals
  • Other plants
The occurrence of difference among the individuals of the same species is due to 
  • Variation
  • Transition
  • Development
  • Evolution
The most recent era in geological time scale is:
  • Mesozoic
  • Cenozoic
  • Palaeozoic
  • Proterozoic
In a population of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, $$49\%$$ of organisms have recessive traits. The percentage of Heterozygous organisms in that population is?
  • $$90\%$$
  • $$30\%$$
  • $$36\%$$
  • $$42\%$$
The primitive member of human race ______________.
  • Homo erectus
  • Homo sapiens
  • Ardepithecus ramidus
  • Australopithecus aferensis

According to Darwin, organic evolution is due to _________________.
  • Reduced feeding efficiency in one species due to the presence of interfering species
  • Intraspecific competition
  • Interspecific competition
  • Competition within closely related species
Read the following four (A-D) statements:

(a) The cranial capacity of Homo habilis was 650-800 c.c
(b) The cranial capacity of Homo erectus was about 900 c.c
(c) Around two mya Australopithecus probably lived in east african grasslands.
(d) During the ice age, Homo sapiens arose.

How many of the above statements are not incorrect:
  • Four
  • Three
  • Two
  • One
How many statements are true about above figure:-
(A) These are placental mammals found in Australia.
(B) This is a type of divergent evolution
(C) They show homology
(D) These animals are found only in Australia
1495844_6610b73fe99648f696d8597299ebcf00.png
  • One
  • Three
  • Four
  • Two
Dryopithecus is more similar to-
  • Ape
  • Gorilla
  • Chimpanzee
  • Man
In a population of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, $$64\%$$ organisms exhibit recessive trait. The genotypic frequency of Homozygous dominant organisms in that population is?
  • $$0.64$$
  • $$0.8$$
  • $$0.04$$
  • $$0.2$$
Which of the following is not fit for Hardy weinberg law ______________.
  • Random mating
  • No natural selection
  • Genetic drift
  • Large population size

Adaptive radiation is ___________________.
  • Evolution of different species from a common ancestor
  • Adaptation due to geographical isolation
  • Migration of members of a species to different geographical areas
  • Power of adaptation of an individual to a variety
Character which is closely related to human evolution?
  • Disappearance of tail
  • Reduction in size of jaws
  • Binocular vision
  • Flat nails
Which of the following feature is not of Ramapithecus?
  • Hairy, walked like gorillas and chimpanzees.
  • Existed 15mya.
  • Ramapithecus was more man like.
  • After its extinction Dryopithecus came into picture
Hardy Weinberg equilibrium is affected by?
  • Natural selection
  • New mutation
  • Genetic drift
  • All of the above
Which statement is not an assumption of the Hardy-Weinberg law ?
  • The allelic frequency (p and q) are equal
  • The population is randomly mating
  • The population is large
  • Natural selection has no effect
Which of the following statement is true regarding human evolution?
  • Australopithecus probably lived in South Asia about 3 - 4mya and they hunted with stone weapons.
  • Fossils of Homo erectus were discovered in Java in 1891.
  • The Neanderthal man with a brain size of 1400cc lived in East Africa grass lands about 3 - 4mya.
  • Homo sapiens arose in Africa between 100000 - 40000 years back.
Oparin of __________ and Haldane of ____________ proposed that the first form of life could have come from pre existing ___________
  • Russia, England, non-living inorganic molecules.
  • England, Russia, living organic matter.
  • Russia, England, non-living organic molecules.
  • England, Russia, life.
What is the proper order of era from oldest to most recent?
  • $$Proterozoic\, \rightarrow \,Archaeozoic  \, \rightarrow \, Palaeozoic$$
  • $$Archaeozoic\, \rightarrow \, Palaeozoic \, \rightarrow \, Proterozoic$$
  • $$Palaeozoic\, \rightarrow \, Mesozoic \, \rightarrow \, Coenozoic$$
  • $$Mesozoic\, \rightarrow \, Archaeozoic \, \rightarrow \, Proterozoic$$
Given below are four statements (i) - (iv) regarding geological time sale. Read them carefully:

(i) Palaeozoic era is the era of ancient life.

(ii) Ordovician period is the age of vertebrates.

(iii) Giant ferns fall into coal deposits at the Triassic period.

(iv) Ichthyosaursare evolved during Triassic period.

Which of the following statements are correct?
  • (i) and (iv).
  • (ii) and (iii).
  • (ii) and (iv).
  • (i) and (iii).
The eye of the octopus and mammals, this example does not hold similarity with which of the following examples?
  • Wings of butterfly and birds.
  • Flippers of Penguins and Dolphins.
  • Brains of vertebrates.
  • Both A and B.
Mesozoic era is called golden period of ___________
  • Birds
  • Amphibians
  • Reptiles
  • Pisces
Analysis of the skull of man and apes is given below. Select the correct option from the following:  

1654488_2204172666b5476d96c5cd5185e0920d.PNG
  • Skull of R is more like P than Q because they have common ancestors named Dryopithecus
  • Skull of P shares similarities with R and not with Q
  • Skull of Q is more like R than P because they have a common ancestor named Ramapithecus
  • Skull of Q is more like P than R because they have a common ancestor named Dryopithecus
Triangular plates on the back were the morphological character of which of the following dinosaurs?
  • Triceratops.
  • Tyrannosaurus.
  • Brachiosaurus.
  • Stegosaurus.
Which of the following are the most distantly related to one another?
  • Sunfish and dolphins.
  • Tree frogs and snakes.
  • Vampire bats and birds.
  • Bears and whales.
According to our reading, how did George Cuvier account for extinctions in nature?
  • Extinctions never occur--there are unexplored parts of the globe where organisms that appear to have gone extinct may still live.
  • Extinctions occur when the slow adaptation of organisms over time to their environment is not quick enough to help them respond to changing conditions.
  • Extinctions occur at random, they do not reflect God's will.
  • Extinctions are due to catastrophic events.
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