CBSE Questions for Class 12 Medical Biology Evolution Quiz 14 - MCQExams.com

Match the correct set.
          Column I                                                   Column II
 Old world monkeys                            A.  Tree shrews, the ancestors of primates
 New world monkeys                          B.  Wide nostrils and prehensile tail
 Prosimians                                          C.  Narrow nostrils and non-prehensile tail
 Simians                                               D.  Monkeys and apes
  • A- 2, B- 3, C- 1, D- 4
  • A- 3, B- 2, C- 1, D- 4
  • A- 2, B- 1, C- 3, D- 4
  • A- 1, B- 3, C- 2, D- 4
The proper burial of dead for the first time started with which of the following prehistoric man?
  • Peking man
  • Neanderthal man
  • Java man
  • Cro-Magnon man
Which fossil man had cranial capacity almost equal to modern man?
  • Australopithecus
  • Java ape man
  • Neanderthal man
  • Peking man
The most nearest prehistoric ancestor of present man may be
  • Java ape man
  • Cro-Magnon man
  • Neanderthal man
  • Peking man
Trilobites evolved in
  • Precambrian
  • Ordovician
  • Silurian
  • Cambrian
Genus Homo was identified during ............ epoch.
  • Eocene
  • Palaeocene
  • Oligocene
  • Pleistocene
Closest primate to man is
  • Gorilla
  • Rhesus monkey
  • Orangutan
  • Lemur
Which materials were used for clothes in ancient times?
  • Animal skins
  • Grass
  • Vines
  • All of the above
There are two opposing views about origin of modern man. According to one view, Homo erectus in Asia was ancestor of modern man. A study of variations of DNA, however suggested African origin of modern man.
What kind of observation of DNA variations could suggest this?
  • Greater variation in Asia than in Africa.
  • Greater variation in Africa than in Asia.
  • Similar variation in Africa and Aisa.
  • Variation only in Asia and no variation in Africa.
Consider a locus with two alleles, A and a, If the frequency of AA is 0.25, what is the frequency of A, under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
  • 1
  • 0.25
  • 0.5
  • None of the above
In a population of 1000 individuals 360 belong to genotype AA, 480 to Aa and the remaining 160 to aa. Based on this data, the frequency of allele A in the population is
  • 0.4
  • 0.5
  • 0.6
  • 0.7
A population will not exist in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium if
  • There is no migration.
  • The population is large.
  • Individuals mate selectively.
  • There are no mutations.
Which is of the following is the correct order in evolutionary history of man?
  • Peking man$$\rightarrow$$ Habilus man$$\rightarrow$$ Neanderthal man$$\rightarrow$$ Cro-Magnon man
  • Peking man$$\rightarrow$$ Heidelberg man$$\rightarrow$$ Neanderthal man$$\rightarrow$$ Cro-Magnon man
  • Peking man$$\rightarrow$$ Neanderthal man$$\rightarrow$$ Homo sapiens$$\rightarrow$$ Heidelberg man
  • Peking man$$\rightarrow$$ Homo sapeins$$\rightarrow$$ Neanderthal man$$\rightarrow$$ Cro-Magnon man
What is the correct arrangement of periods of Palaeozoic era in ascending order in geological time scale ?
  • Cambrian$$\rightarrow$$ Devonian$$\rightarrow$$ Ordovician$$\rightarrow$$ Silurian$$\rightarrow$$ Carboniferrous$$\rightarrow$$ Permian
  • Cambrian$$\rightarrow$$ Ordovician$$\rightarrow$$ Silurian$$\rightarrow$$ Devonian$$\rightarrow$$ Carboniferous$$\rightarrow$$ Permian
  • Cambrian$$\rightarrow$$ Ordovician$$\rightarrow$$ Devonian$$\rightarrow$$ Silurian$$\rightarrow$$ Carboniferrous$$\rightarrow$$ Permian
  • Silurian$$\rightarrow$$ Devonian$$\rightarrow$$ Cambrian$$\rightarrow$$ Ordovician$$\rightarrow$$ Permian$$\rightarrow$$ Carboniferous
Age of fishes is also known as
  • Permian Era
  • Silurian Era
  • Devonian Era
  • Ordovician Era
The wings of a bird and the wings of an insect are
  • Homologous structures and represent convergent evolution
  • Homologous structures and represent divergent evolution
  • Analogous structures and represent convergent evolution
  • Phylogenetic structures and represent divergent evolution
The beginning of plant cultivation is considered to be taken place in
  • Neolithic
  • Paleolithic
  • Mesolithic
  • None of the above
The scientific name of Java man is
  • Homo habilis
  • Homosapiens neandarthalensis
  • Homo erectus erectus
  • Australopithecus boisei
Which of the following is the most primitive ancestor of man?
  • Homo Habilis
  • Austalopithecus
  • Rampithecus Punjabicus
  • Homo Neanderthalensis
One species of finch was originally colonized in Galapagos Islands. Today these islands contain many species of finches that occupy diverse niches. 
This is most likely resulted from
I.Biological magnification
II.Convergent evolution
III. Adaptive radiation
  • I only
  • II only
  • III only
  • II and III only
  • I, II and III
Which one of the following is the least fit individual in terms of evolution?
  • A 45-year-old male with a terminal disease who has fathered three children
  • A 20-year-old man who has fathered one child
  • A 35-year-old woman with four children
  • A healthy 4-year-old child
  • A 25-year-old woman with one child, who has had a tubal ligation to prevent future pregnancies
Suborder Pleocyemata includes both crabs and lobsters. Both possess a tail but in crabs this structure is very small and not used. This structure cannot be considered as an example of
  • Convergent evolution
  • Vestigial structure
  • Divergent evolution
  • Genetic fitness
  • Homologous structure
In a given area, insects live by making burrows in the bark of a tree. These insects are fed upon by a population of birds in the same area. The most correct explanation for the increase in the beak size of the bird population is
  • Increased fitness of the birds, leading to speciation
  • Decreased fitness of the insects, allowing the birds to catch them more easily
  • Increased fitness of large-beaked birds, leading to evolution
  • Decreased fitness of small-beaked birds, leading to speciation
  • Random mutation and genetic recombination
The highest evolutionary fitness is shown by
  • A Cheetah that catches the most prey
  • A Fox that successfully avoids predators
  • A Tortoise that has lived for over 100 years
  • A Wolf that recovers quickly from a wound
  • A Gorilla that reproduces several times
Which of the following shows similarity with first man?
  • Homo neanderthalensis
  • Australopithecus
  • Homo erectus
  • Homo habilis
60% of alleles of a gene in a population are recessive. The proportion of heterozygous individuals would be
  • $$0.16$$
  • $$0.24$$
  • $$0.36$$
  • $$0.48$$
  • $$0.6$$
Homo erectus evolved during 
  • Oligocene
  • Pliocene
  • Pleistocene
  • Miocene
For a Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, a characteristic of population is
  • Founder effect
  • Heterozygote advantage
  • Population bottleneck
  • Random mating
  • Reproductive isolation
Convergent evolution will not take place in
  • Structures that have similar functions
  • Behaviors that are similar
  • Different species that resemble one another
  • Production of a single species from two originally different species
  • Niches that are similar
The percentage of individuals that can curl their tongues is
  • 32%
  • 4%
  • 64%
  • 96%
  • 50%
In a particular population, if the frequency of the recessive allele is 0.6 then the frequency of dominant allele is
  • 0.16
  • 0.36
  • 0.48
  • 0.4
  • 0.6
Hardy-Weinberg principle states that, allele frequencies get change when evolutionary forces act on a population. Which of the following is not an evolutionary force?
  • Mutations
  • Gene flow
  • Genetic drift
  • Random mating
  • Natural selection
Which of the following is incorrect about the population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
  • There is no migration of individuals either into or out of the population.
  • The population is not influenced by selective pressures.
  • Mating occurs randomly within the population.
  • There is no change in the rate of mutation.
  • The population is relatively small.
The diversification of an ancestral group of organisms into a variety of related forms specialized to fit different environments is known as
  • Convergent evolution
  • Divergent evolution
  • Adaptive radiation
  • Gradualism
  • Directional selection
Read the passage and answer the following question.

The long term research project studies a salamander species that inhabits several wet, cool valleys within a mountain range. Over a period of time the sizes of several populations are recorded, including Populations A, B, and C shown on the map. The project also froze tissue samples from the populations and later analyzed the samples for allele frequencies at Locus 1 and LocusThere are two alleles at Locus 1, dominant T and recessive t:  and there are two alleles at Locus 2, dominant W and recessive w. The population sizes and allele frequencies over the 90-year study are presented in tableThe salamanders reach maturity in one year and reproduce once each year. Populations B and C were originally connected to Population A by a mountain pass through which the salamanders passed during the summer months. In 1915, a mine was developed in the mountain pass between Populations A and B, preventing further migration of the salamanders between the two populations. The following year, the construction of a road prevented future migration of salamanders between Populations A and C. There were no other changes in the environment, other than a significant warming and reduction of rain from 1993 to 1950 that affected the habitats of Populations A, B, and C equally.

The condition occurs after the development of the road is

484249.jpg
  • By definition, Populations A and C each become a separate species since they are geographically isolated.
  • Population C undergoes adaptive radiation to form several new species.
  • Population C evolves to have an increased number of heterozygotes at Locus 1.
  • Population A will evolve a mechanism to migrate through the developed mountain pass.
  • Population C will be eliminated due to competition from other salamander populations.
Identify the correct order of appearance of the following organisms on the surface of earth.
I. Eukaryotes
II. Heterotrophic organisms
III. Metazoa
IV. Photosynthetic organisms
  • II, I, IV, III
  • II, I, III, IV
  • II, IV, I, III
  • IV, I, II, III
  • IV, II, I, III

Read the two incidents given below.

Incident 1: A species of moth is preyed on by bats. Over  hundreds of years, the moths develop a sophisticated pattern of flying when they hear the screech of a bat and which helps them to escape danger. Other changes occurs like, when the current moth mates with its ancestor moth, no viable eggs are produced.

Incident 2: A species of frogs is living in a pond near an earthquake fault line. A earthquake separates the frog population into two separate populations. After hundreds of years, the two groups are unable to mate. 

Incident 2 is an example of
  • Survival of the fittest
  • Convergent evolution
  • Divergent evolution
  • Stabilizing selection
  • Directional selection
In one of the genetic disorders affecting central nervous system, the homozygous recessive individuals (tt) are affected at an early age. Which of the following statements is correct for a fatal disease to be carried in a population?
  • If one parent is heterozygous, the offspring have a $$25\%$$ chance of being heterozygous.
  • If one parent is heterozygous, the offspring have a $$75\%$$ chance of being heterozygous.
  • If one parent is heterozygous, the offspring have a $$100\%$$ chance of being heterozygous.
  • If one parent is heterozygous, all offspring have a $$25\%$$ will be carriers.
  • If one parent is heterozygous, the offspring have a $$50\%$$ chance of being heterozygous.
The percentage of heterozygotes is ________.
  • 4%
  • 32%
  • 64%
  • 50%
  • 75%
The concept of stabilizing selection is described by
491172_b091e36583cc46f8a6bfc4e7eb34b3c8.png
  • Graph I only
  • Graph II only
  • Both Graph I and Graph II
  • Graph III only
  • Both Graph II and Graph III
The simplest level of physical organisation is shown by
  • Funaria americana
  • Monotropa uniflora
  • Dryopteris spinulosa
  • Picea rubens
  • Smilax rotundifolia
Read the passage and answer the following question.

This chart shows the relative abundance of different groups of echinoderms throughout geologic time. The width of the band indicates the number of species for each group.

Identify the time periods showed a boom in all echinoderm groups?
486897.PNG
  • Ordovician
  • Silurian
  • Mississippian
  • Permian
  • Jurassic
A flowering plant is
  • Platismatia glauca
  • Funaria americana
  • Dryopteris spinulosa
  • Picea rubens
  • Monotropa uniflora
$$9$$ percent of all cicadas exhibit the homozygous recessive condition known as "flippant wings," the gene frequency for that gene in the general population is
  • Cannot be determined
  • $$91$$ percent
  • $$0.9$$
  • $$0.3$$
  • $$0.03$$

This chart shows the relative abundance of different groups of echinoderms throughout geologic time. The width of the band indicates the number of species for each group.
The time period shows a mass extinction of animals is
  • End of the Ordovician
  • End of the Silurian
  • End of the Devonian
  • End of the Permian
  • End of the Triassic
Donald Johanson, Tom Gray, and others discovered a hominid that lived in east Africa and nicknamed her Lucy. What is the scientific name of Lucy and there existence in earth?
  • 35 million years ago, Homo habilis
  • 3.5 billion years ago, Homo africanus
  • 5.5 million years ago, Australopithecus africanus
  • 3.0 million years ago, Australopithecus afarensis
  • 5.5 billion years ago, Australopithecus boisei
Which of the following organism shows most close relationship to Smilax herbacea?
  • Platismatia glauca
  • Dryopteris spinulosa
  • Picea rubens
  • Smilax rotundifolia
  • Monotropa uniflora
A skin and respiratory fungus killed most of the tree frogs in a hypothetical forest in the state of Washington. The population dropped from 1,200 toScientists caught 25 frogs and, in an effort to help preserve the species, started a new population in a similar forest in the eastern portion of the state of Oregon. Which of the following factors would probably have the least impact on this new population?
  • The founder effect, since there would be a large population with immigration.
  • Random mating, since this affects populations regardless of size.
  • Genetic drift, since the small population will have variability in allele frequency.
  • The bottleneck effect, since the small population will go through a decrease in allelic variability.
A particular protein is found in both chloroplasts and prokaryotic cells. The protein is similar in structure and function to certain proteins of the cytoskeleton found in all eukaryotic cells.
Which of the following information is an appropriate conclusion to draw from this information?
  • The nucleotide sequence of the genes that code for both proteins are identical.
  • The genes for the eukaryotic cytoskeleton protein are evolutionarily derived from the gene that codes for the prokaryotic protein.
  • Cytoskeleton microfilaments are involved in the processes of photosynthesis.
  • The prokaryotic protein gene and the eukaryotic cytoskeleton protein gene were absent in an ancient common ancestor.
One way to classify humans is by their blood type. There are over two dozen ways to group blood types. One of them is by the presence of the D antigen on the surface of blood cells. If an individual expresses the D antigen, they are referred to as Rh positive. This is controlled by an autosomal dominant allele. In a given town, 16% of the population is considered Rh negative.
If this town's high school has 2,000 students, how many would you expect to have the homozygous recessive genotype?
  • 160
  • 320
  • 480
  • 720
0:0:1


Answered Not Answered Not Visited Correct : 0 Incorrect : 0

Practice Class 12 Medical Biology Quiz Questions and Answers