CBSE Questions for Class 12 Medical Biology Evolution Quiz 17 - MCQExams.com

Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given.
The total collection of genes, at any one time, in a unit of evolution is called the
  • gene pool
  • genotype
  • genome
  • metaxenia
The presence of recessive trait in a large population is found to be 16%. The frequency of dominant trait in that population is:-
  • 0.84
  • 0.42
  • 0.56
  • 0.96
Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given.
Allopatric but not sympatric speciation requires
  • Spontaneous differences in males and females
  • Geographic isolation
  • Reproductive isolation
  • Prior hybridization
Refer to the given figure and select the correct options regarding it.
928155_b3e601a5f6854ceb96d7a1c9276c12a3.png
  • P- Chlorophyte ancestors, Q - Tracheophyte ancestors, R - Ryhnia-type plants, S - Psilophyton
  • P - Tracheophyte ancestors, Q - Rhynia-type plants, R - Chlorophyte ancestors, S - Psilophyton
  • P - Chlorophyte ancestors, Q - Tracheophyte ancestors, R - Psilophyton, S - Rhynia-type plants
  • P - Chlorophyte ancestors, Q - Rhynia-type plants, R - Tracheophyte ancestors, S - Psilophyton
Which is the correct order of increasing geological time scale for a hypothetical vertebrate evolution?
  • Cenozoic, Mesozoic, Palaeozoic, Proterozoic
  • Cenozoic, Palaeozoic, Mesozoic, Proterozoic
  • Proterozoic, Cenozoic, Palaeozoic, Mesozoic
  • Proterozoic, Palaeozoic, Mesozoic, Cenozoic
Which of the following statements is correct?
  • Amphibians evolved into reptiles
  • Fish with stout and strong fins could move on land and go back to water. This was about $$350\ mya$$
  • Giant ferns were present but they all fell to form coal deposits slowly
  • All of these
Match column I with column II and select the correct option from the codes given below.
Column - IColumn - II
A. Edward Lewis(i) Australopithecus
B. L.S.B. Leakey(ii) Homo neanderthalensis
C. C. Fuhlrott(iii) Homo habilis
D. Raymond Dart(iv) Ramapithecus
  • $$A - (iv), B - (iii), C - (ii), D - (i)$$
  • $$A - (ii), B - (i), C - (iv), D - (iii)$$
  • $$A - (iii), B - (ii), C - (i), D - (iv)$$
  • $$A - (i), B - (ii), C - (iii), D - (iv)$$
Which of the following is correct order of the evolutionary history of man ?
  • Peking man, Homo sapiens, Neanderthal man, Cro-Magnon man
  • Peking man, Neanderthal man, Heidelberg man, Cro-Magnon man
  • Peking man, Heidelberg man, Neanderthal man, Cro-Magnon man
  • Peking man, Neanderthal man, Homo sapiens, Heidelberg -man
Following is given the diagrammatic representation of evolutionary history of vertebrates through geological periods. Identify the geological periods. Identify the geological periods $$(A, B, C$$ and $$D)$$ and select the correct option.
928154_a2d79d601e0c450fb8f3b93d761b55d5.png
  • Carboniferous, Triassic, Cretaceous, Quaternary
  • Jurassic, Permian, Tertiary, Cretaceous
  • Permian, Jurassic, Quaternary, Tertiary
  • Cretaceous, Quaternary, Carboniferous, Jurassic
What kind of evidences suggested that man is more closely related with chimpanzee than with other hominoid apes?
  • Evidence from DNA of sex chromosomes only
  • Comparison of chromosome morphology and number
  • Evidence from fossil remains, and the fossil mitochondrial DNA alone
  • Evidence from banding pattern of chromosome $$3$$ and $$6$$

The brain capacity of Homo erectus was about
  • $$650\ c.c.$$
  • $$900\ c.c.$$
  • $$1500\ c.c.$$
  • $$1400\ c.c.$$
In a large randomly mating population, only one person in $$10,000$$ is an albino. What will be the frequency of a carrier person of albinism?
  • $$1$$ in $$50$$
  • $$99$$ in $$10000$$
  • $$2$$ in $$10000$$
  • $$1$$ in $$100$$
Balanoglossus is connecting link between 
  • Non- chordates and chordates
  • Cartilaginous and bony fishes 
  • Bony fishes and amphibians
  • Amphibians and reptiles
The frequency of an autosomal recessive gene in a population is $$0.40.$$ The number of carriers in a population of 2000 individuals is
  • $$720$$
  • $$960$$
  • $$1040$$
  • $$360$$
Humming birds and hawk illustrate
  • Convergent evolution
  • Homology
  • Adaptive radiation
  • Parallel evolution
Which one of the following changes involved is irrelevant, in the evolution of man ?
  • Perfection of hand for tool making
  • Change of diet from hard nuts and hard roots to soft food
  • Loss of tail
  • None of the above 
The pouch in which a Kangaroo mother keeps her young baby is called
  • External placenta
  • Uterus
  • Marsupium
  • Cloaca
Which of the following statements is / are correct?
I. Relative abundance of carbon and hydrogen with respect to other elements is higher in any living organisms.
II. Living organism have more nitrogen and oxygen per unit mass than inanimate objects (e.g.earth crust)
III. All the elements present in a sample of earth's crust are also present in a sample of living tissue.
IV. Living organisms have more Ca, Mg, Na in them than inanimate objects.
  • All of these
  • All except IV
  • Only IV
  • None of these
The sugar glider and flying squirrel belong to two different groups of mammals, but they have both evolved bushy tails and flaps of skin that help them exploit their forest environments more efficiently. This pattern of evolution is an example of 
  • Character displacement
  • Adaptive radiation
  • Convergent evolution
  • Divergent evolution
Arrange the following in proper sequence of their formation
A) Photo autotrophs
B) Anaerobic heterotrophs
C) Free genes
D) Chemo autotrophs
  • C - D - B - A
  • C - B - D - A
  • C - B - A - D
  • A - D - B - C
How many combinations from the following show convergent evolution?
(a) Mole - Marsupial mouse
(b) Lemur - Spotted cuscus
(c) Anteater - Numbat
(d) Mole - Mouse
(e) Lemur - Numbat
(f) Numbat - Spotted cuscus
  • 3
  • 4
  • 5
  • 6
The Tasmanian wolf (a marsupial) and American wolf (a placental) may have evolved along similar lines because of similar selection pressure acting on similar gene pool if so they are an example of
  • Homology
  • Parallel evolution
  • Coevolution
  • Convergent evolution
According to Hardy-Weinberg principle, difference in the values of measured and expected allelic frequencies indicates all of the following, except 
  • Changes in the gene pool
  • Disturbance in genetic equilibrium
  • Extent of evolutionary change
  • Absence of any kind of evolution
A population which is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium has $$1600$$ individuals. If dominant allelic frequency is $$0.7$$, then find out the number of dominant individuals in that population.
  • $$144$$
  • $$672$$
  • $$784$$
  • $$1456$$
Hardy-Weinberg describes the frequency of A for an entire B.
Choose the correct option for A and B to complete the given NCERT statement.
  • A-Genes; B-population
  • A-Genotype; B-population
  • A-Phenotype; B-population
  • A-Alleles; B-population
In a population of 100 rabbits 40 are short-eared. Short ears are recessive to long ears. There are only two alleles for this gene. Long eared are 60 which are in 1:1 ratio of homozygous and heterozygous. Find out the dominant allelic frequency?
  • 0.55
  • 0.45
  • 0.09
  • 0.37
Select the wrong pair.
  • Haldane _____ Hot dilute soup
  • Oparin _____ Protobionts
  • Spallanzani ______ Abiogenesis
  • Fox _____ Coacervates
  • Redi ______ Biogenesis
In laboratory experiments, two species of the protist Paramecium(species $$1$$ and $$2$$) were grown alone and in the presence of the other species. The following graphs show growth of species $$1$$ and $$2$$, both alone and when in mixed culture with the other species.
Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from the graphs?

1380251_1ea8d0f23518419e97a52ce28ebfe036.PNG
  • Competitive exclusion occurred in these experiments
  • Both species are affected by interspecific competition but specie $$1$$ is less affected
  • Both species are affected by interspecific competition but specie $$2$$ is less affected
  • Both species are affected equality by interspecific competition
Lung fishes, air breathing animals and corals predominated during the ___ period. Complete the given statement by choosing an appropriate option.
  • Mississippian
  • Silurian
  • Devonian
  • Jurassic
Read the correct statements regarding the evolution and select the incorrect ones.
I. The first geological time scale was developed by Georges Cuvier
II. The term coacervate was given by Sydney Fox
III. Formation of first cells occurred about $$3900-400$$ million years ago.
IV. The oceanic water rich in mixture of organic compounds was termed by J.B.S Haldane as:
"hot dilute soup of organic substances".
  • I and III
  • II and IV
  • I and II
  • III and IV
The theory of special creation was strongly challenged during the nineteenth century on the basis of observation made:
  • During a sea voyage in a sail ship called H.M.S. Beagle round the Europe.
  • During a sea voyage in a sail ship called M.H.S. Beagle round the Africa.
  • During a sea voyage in a sail ship called H.M.S. Beagle round the world.
  • During a sea voyage in a sail ship called M.H.S. Beagle round the world.
Present age of human known as ______________
  • atomic age
  • iron age
  • bronze age
  • silver age
If a population has dominant phenotype in 1600 individuals out of 2000 then calculate the frequency of heterozygote.
  • 494
  • 256
  • 128
  • 356
The theory of special creation was not objected by which of the following statements?
  • Existing life forms share similarities to varying degrees not only among themselves but also with life forms that existed millions of years ago.
  • Many life forms do not exist now.
  • There has been gradual evolution of life forms.
  • The Earth was about 4000 years ago.
Hardy - Weinberg equilibrium cannot operate if:
  • Selective mating occurs and only useful alleles get chance to appear in next generation.
  • Mating is at random and all alleles get equal chance to appear in next generation.
  • Mutations and gene flow are absent.
  • Populations are largely sized.
Swan-necked flask experiment proved?
  • Biogenesis
  • Abiogenesis
  • Both (A) and (B)
  • Gene therapy
One of the following is not true regarding biological evolution. Identify the wrong one:
  • Evolution through natural selection might have started when cellular forms with difference in metabolic capacity originated.
  • Rate of appearance of new forms is linked to life span and life cycle of organisms.
  • Speciation occurs due to the accumulation of acquired characters.
  • Animals that are better adapted have more resource utilisation and they leave more number of progeny.
With brain size of 1400cc, lived in near east and central Asia in between 100000 to 40000 years back, dead body burial, use of caves or hides to protect their body:
  • Homo erectus.
  • Homo habilis.
  • Neanderthal man.
  • Australopithecus.
Match the correct set.
Column IColumn II
I.Modified form of LamarckismA.G.L. Stebbins (1950)
II.Variation and evolution in plantsB.Neo- Lamarckism
III.Germinal selection theoryC.Etienne Geoffroy
IV.Supporter of Lamarck's theoryD.August Welsmann
  • I - A, II - B, III - C, IV - D
  • I - D, II - B, III - C, IV - A
  • I - A, II - B, III - D, IV - C
  • I - D, II - A, III - C, IV - B
How might an evolutionary biologist explain why a species of species of salamander becomes blind after colonizing a cave?
  • It is possible that in the cave there is a source of pollution that increases the mutation rate for a gene that makes salamanders blind. Over time, due to exposure to this chemical, the members of the population lose their sight.
  • Members of the ancestral population that colonized the cave differed in their ability to see. If maintaining the ability to see in the cave was a waste of energy, blind salamanders might actually have more offspring than those who could see.
  • There is no way to explain this in terms of natural selection.
  • The members of this salamander species no longer needed to use their eyes. Over time, due to lack of use, they lost the ability to see.
Himalaya is formed by
  • Convergent plates
  • Divergent plate boundary
  • Transform fault boundary
  • Hydrological cycle
Assume, in a population of 200 individuals, 114 are heterozygous dominant, 76 are homozygous dominant and 10 are recessive individuals. Find out dominant allelic frequency.
  • 0.36
  • 0.24
  • 0.67
  • 0.76
The calendar of earth's past history indicating the evolution of life through time recorded in the sequence of rocks. This is called;
  • Paleontological calendar.
  • Geological time scale.
  • Fossilisation time scale.
  • Evolution.
Select the correct statement (s):

(i) Microbial experiment show the pre - existing advantageous mutations when selected will result in the observation of new phenotypes. Over a few generations this would result in speciation.

(ii) Neanderthal fossilis represent a human relative.

(iii) In 1938, a fish caught in South Africa happened to be a coelacanth (lobe fins) which was thought to be extinct. These animals evolved into the first amphibian living both on land and water.

(iv) Lichens can be used as pollution indicators.

(v) Alfred Wallace, a naturalist who worked in Malay Archipelago (present Indonesia) has also been to similar conclusions on natural selection as reached by Darwin.
  • (i) and (ii).
  • (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv).
  • (iii) and (iv).
  • All of these.
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