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CBSE Questions for Class 12 Medical Biology Evolution Quiz 5 - MCQExams.com
CBSE
Class 12 Medical Biology
Evolution
Quiz 5
Age of man is
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Cenozoic era
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Mesozoic era
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Palaezoic era
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Procambrian era
Explanation
The Cenozoic Era is the current and most recent of the three Phanerozoic geological eras, following the Mesozoic Era and covering the period from 66 million years ago to the present. The Cenozoic is also known as the Age of Mammals, because the extinction of many groups allowed mammals to greatly diversify. It is also called as age of man. Thus, option A is correct.
Therefore, the correct answer is option A.
The last common ancestor between the African apes and hominids lived during ............. epoch.
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Oligocene
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Pliocene
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Miocene
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Pleistocene
Explanation
Ardipithecus
is a genus of an extinct hominine that lived during Late Miocene and Early Pliocene in Afar Depression, Ethiopia. Originally described as one of the earliest ancestors of humans after they diverged from the main ape lineage, the relation of this genus to human ancestors and whether it is a hominin is now a matter of debate. Two fossil species are described in the literature -
A. ramidus
, which lived about 4.4 million years ago during the early Pliocene and
A. kadabba
, dated to approximately 5.6 million years ago (late Miocene). Behavioral analysis showed that
Ardipithecus
could be very similar to those of chimpanzees, indicating that the early human ancestors were very much like chimpanzees in behaviour. It is the last common ancestor between the African apes and hominids.
Therefore, the correct answer is option B.
Homo erectus erectus
is the zoological name of
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Java ape man
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Peking man
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Neanderthal man
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Nut cracker man
Explanation
Homo erectus erectus
is the zoological name of Java man. It is the early human
fossils discovered on the island of Java (Indonesia)
in 1891 and 1892. It was discovered by Dutch scientist Eugene Dubois.
The skull was characterized by thick bones and a retreating forehead and no chin, as well as protruding brow ridges
and a massive jaw. With 900 cm, his cranial capacity
was smaller than that of later
H. erectus
specimens.
So, the correct answer is option A.
The correct sequence of course of cultural evolution from cromagnon to modern man is -
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Palaeolithic $$\rightarrow$$ Mesolithic $$\rightarrow$$ Neolithic $$\rightarrow$$ Bronze $$\rightarrow$$ Iron $$\rightarrow$$ Atomic
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Mesolithic $$\rightarrow$$ Bronze $$\rightarrow$$ Neolithic $$\rightarrow$$ Iron $$\rightarrow$$ Atomic
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Palaeolithic $$\rightarrow$$ Neolithic $$\rightarrow$$ Iron $$\rightarrow$$ Bronze $$\rightarrow$$ Atomic
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Neolithic $$\rightarrow$$ Palaeolithic $$\rightarrow$$ Iron $$\rightarrow$$ Bronze $$\rightarrow$$ Atomic
Solo man belongs to
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Java only
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Africa
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China
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China and Africa
Explanation
Solo Man (
Homo erectus soloensis
), was formerly classified as
Homo sapiens soloensis
and is now regarded as a subspecies of the extinct hominin,
Homo erectus
. Discovered between 1931 and 1933 by Gustav Heinrich Ralph von Koenigswald, the only known specimens of this anomalous hominid were retrieved from sites along the Bengawan Solo River, on the Indonesian island of Java. The remains are also commonly referred to as Ngandong, after the village near where they were first recovered.
Therefore, the correct answer is option A.
The closest relative of modern day man is considered to be
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Chimpanzee
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Orangutan
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Apes
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Gibbon
Explanation
Many people would say it's the close genetic similarity between humans and chimpanzees. Proponents of the evolutionary paradigm assert that the structure of human chromosome 2 provides axiomatic evidence that humans evolved from a shared ancestor with chimpanzees and bonobos. Each species has a characteristic number of chromosomes differing in size and shape. For example, humans have 46 chromosomes, chimpanzees and other apes have 48. When exposed to certain dyes, chromosomes will stain in unique ways yielding a pattern of bands along their length. The bands vary in number, location, thickness and intensity. And the unique banding profile of each chromosome helps geneticists identify them under a microscope. In the early 1980s, evolutionary biologists compared the chromosomes of humans, chimpanzees, gorillas, and orangutans. These studies revealed an exceptional degree of similarity between human and chimp chromosomes. When aligned, the human and corresponding chimpanzee chromosomes display near-identical banding patterns, band locations, band size, and band stain intensity. To evolutionary biologists, this resemblance reveals powerful evidence for human and chimpanzee shared ancestry. So, the closest relative of modern day man is considered to be chimpanzee compared to orangutan, apes and gibbon.
Therefore, the correct answer is option A.
The most recent in human evolution is____________.
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Mesolithic
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Neolithic
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Upper palaeolithic
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Middle palaeolithic
Common origin of man and chimpanzee is best shown by
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Dental formula
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Cranial capacity
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Binocular vision
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Chromosome number
Explanation
Many people would say its the close genetic similarity between humans and chimpanzees. Proponents of the evolutionary paradigm assert that the structure of human chromosome 2 provides axiomatic evidence that humans evolved from a shared ancestor with chimpanzees and bonobos. Each species has a characteristic number of chromosomes differing in size and shape. For example, humans have 46 chromosomes, chimpanzees and other apes have 48. When exposed to certain dyes, chromosomes will stain in unique ways yielding a pattern of bands along their length. The bands vary in number, location, thickness and intensity. And the unique banding profile of each chromosome helps geneticists identify them under a microscope. In the early 1980s, evolutionary biologists compared the chromosomes of humans, chimpanzees, gorillas, and orangutans. These studies revealed an exceptional degree of similarity between human and chimp chromosomes. When aligned, the human and corresponding chimpanzee chromosomes display near-identical banding patterns, band locations, band size, and band stain intensity. To evolutionary biologists, this resemblance reveals powerful evidence for human and chimpanzee shared ancestry. So, common origin of man and chimpanzee is best shown by chromosome number and not by binocular vision, cranial capacity and dental formula.
Therefore, the correct answer is option D.
Who among the following are cannibal?
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Peking man
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Java ape man
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Homo habilis
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Both A and B
Explanation
There is some evidence of ritual cannibalism in Peking man. Peking Man skulls had been smashed at the base, possibly by other Peking men to gain access to the brains, a practice common among cannibals. Evidences reveals that Java man. Peking man and Cro-magnon man are cannibals in old world. Indications of
Homo habilis
eating hedgehog and using tools to eat them has already been identified. They are not cannibals.
Therefore, the correct answer is option D.
Java man was discovered by
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Leakey
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Levis
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Dubois
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Oparine
Explanation
Java Man (
Homo erectus erectus
) is the popular name given to early human fossils discovered on the island of Java (Indonesia) in 1891 and 1892. Led by Eugene Dubois, the excavation team uncovered a tooth, a skullcap, and a thighbone at Trinil on the banks of the Solo River in East Java. Arguing that the fossils represented the "missing link" between apes and humans, Dubois gave the species the scientific name
Anthropopithecus erectus
, then later renamed it
Pithecanthropus erectus
.
Therefore, the correct answer is option C.
Which of the following fossil man was expert in making tools and weapons?
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Java ape-man
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Peking man
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African man
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Cro-Magnon man
Explanation
Like most early humans, the Cro-Magnons were primarily big-game hunters, killing mammoth, cave bears, horses, and reindeer. They hunted with spears, javelins, and spear throwers. Archery had not yet been invented. They would have been nomadic or semi-nomadic, following the annual migration of their prey and also have eaten plant materials. Finds of spun, dyed, and knotted flax fibers among Cro-Magnon artifacts in Dzudzuana shows they made cords for hafting stone tools, weaving baskets, or sewing garments.
Therefore, the correct answer is option D.
Which one of the following statements is/are correct?
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Homo erectus is the ancestor of
Homo Sapiens
.
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Fossils of Cro-Magnon has been found in Ethopia.
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Australopithecus is the real ancestor of modern man.
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Neanderthal man is the direct ancestor of
Homo sapiens
.
Explanation
Homo erectus
present around 1.8 - 1.3 million years ago, they migrated to Asia, Europe and other continents from Africa. Those that stayed back in Africa were identified as
H. ergaster
who then evolved into
Homo sapiens
So, the correct answer is
'Homo erectus
is the ancestor of
Homo sapiens
'
Neanderthal man was replaced by which of the following man in Europe?
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Cro-Magnon man
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Homo sapiens
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Rhesus monkey
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New world monkey
Explanation
Neanderthals apparently coexisted with anatomically modern humans beginning some 100,000 years ago. However, about 45,000 years ago, at about the time that stoneworking techniques similar to those of Cro-Magnon people appeared in Europe, Neanderthals began to be displaced. The Cro-Magnons shared the European landscape with Neanderthals for some 10,000 years or more, before the latter disappeared from the fossil record. The nature of their co-existence and the extinction of Neanderthals has been debated. Suggestions include peaceful co-existence, competition, interbreeding, assimilation and genocide.
Therefore, the correct answer is option A.
The epoch of beginning of human life is
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Palaeocene
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Pleistocene
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Pliocene
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Holocene
Explanation
The Pleistocene Epoch is typically defined as the time period that began about 1.8 million years ago and lasted until about 11,700 years ago. The Pleistocene Epoch is the first in which
Homo sapiens
evolved and by the end of the epoch humans could be found in nearly every part of the planet. The Pleistocene Epoch was the first epoch in the Quaternary Period and the sixth in the Cenozoic Era. It was followed by the current stage, called as the Holocene Epoch.
Therefore, the correct answer is option B.
Which of the following statement is correct?
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Proconsul
was an ancestor of man and ape.
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Proconsul
was an ancestor of man but not of ape.
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Apes were ancestor of man anatomically.
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Apes and men are not related evolutionary.
Explanation
Proconsul africanus
, a common ancestor of both humans and apes that lived
23 to 14 millions years ago during the Miocene
epoch. It was a fruit eater and had a brain larger than a monkey
. Its fossils was discovered by Leakey's team in 1948 at Rusinga Island in lake victoria, Kenya. Hence option A is correct.
The probable first prehistoric man was
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Ramapithecus
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Homo habilis
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Australopithecus
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Zinjanthropus
Explanation
Homo habilis
is the
earliest
known species in the
human
lineage.
Cranial capacity of them is between 550-650cc. A
nthropologists date that
H
. habilis
originated between 2 and 1.9 million MYA, followed by
Homo erectus
,
which dates to approximately 1.7 MYA. As a result,
H
. habilis
was the first species that possessed the characteristic enlarged brain. This enlarged brain is also closely associated with the ability of using stones for tool-making.
Therefore, the correct answer is option B.
Smallest man like ape is
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Chimpanzee
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Orangutan
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Sloth
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Gibbon
Explanation
Gibbons are rare, small, slender, long-armed, tree-dwelling man like apes. They are arboreal,
they spend most of their lives in trees. They
live in old growth tropical rain forests in southeast Asia. Hence, option D is correct.
Fossils of Pithecanthropus have been recovered from
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China
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Germany
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Java
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Japan
Explanation
Pithecanthropus also known as Java man is an extinct hominin known from fossil remains discovered in Java in 1891. Java Man was about 5 feet 8 inches (170 cm) tall and his thigh bones show that he walked erect like modern humans. The skull was characterized by thick bones and a retreating forehead and no chin, as well as protruding brow ridges and a massive jaw. With 900 ccm, his cranial capacity was smaller than that of later
H. erectus
specimens. He had human teeth with large canines.
Therefore, the correct answer is option C.
In which of the following era, reptiles were dominated?
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Coenozoic era
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Mesozoic era
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Paleozoic era
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Archaeozoic era
Explanation
The mesozoic era is an interval of geological time from about 252 to 66 million years ago. The climate was warmer, the seasons were very mild, the sea level was higher, and there was no polar ice. It is known as age of reptiles because this era becomes dominated by dinosaurs and reptiles
.
Therefore, the correct answer is option B.
Scientific name of human is
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Homo naledi
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Homo habilis
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Homo erectus
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Homo sapiens
Explanation
Homo sapiens
is the binomial nomenclature for the only extant human species.
Homo
is the human genus, which also includes Neanderthals and many other extinct species of hominid;
H. sapiens
is the only surviving species of the genus
Homo
. The binomial name
Homo
sapiens was coined by Carl Linnaeus.
Therefore, the correct answer is option D.
'Era of mammals' is ________.
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Coenozoic
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Mesozoic
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Palaeozoic
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Archaeozoic
Explanation
The cenozoic era began about 65 million years ago and continues to the present. It is the third documented era in the history of Earth.
The cenozoic era
is also known as the 'age of m
ammals',
because of the extinction of many groups of giant
mammals, allowing smaller species to thrive and diversify, because their predators no longer existed.
Hence, option A is the correct answer.
The probable direct ancestor of modern man is
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Java man
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Peking man
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Cromangnon man
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Neanderthal man
Explanation
Cro Magnon man is the direct ancestor of a modern human.
These are the first early Modern Humans of the European Upper Paleolithic.
It
appeared during Holocene period
that lived about 40,000 years ago.
The brain capacity was about 1,600 cc, larger than the average for modern humans. They were robustly built and powerful.
The body was generally heavy and solid with a strong musculature. The face was short and wide and chin is prominent.
So, the correct answer is option C.
The prehistoric man who lived on earth, during late pleistocene period is _____________.
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Neanderthal man
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Australopithecus
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Java man
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Cromagnon man
Explanation
A-
The timeline of human evolution is divided into different periods or epochs. An epoch points at the years before the present. Pleistocene time period existed from 2.58 million years ago - 0.012 million years ago. Neanderthals existed in this period whereas the last glaicial period, the Pleistocene, and the glacial Paleolithic age ended.
Evolution of man was possible because our ape-like ancestors
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Showed bipedal movement on open land
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Used fire
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Had difficulty in gaining nutrition
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Developed community hunting
Explanation
Evolution of man was possible because our ape-like ancestors showed bipedal movement on open land.
Bipedalism
is a form of terrestrial locomotion where an organism moves by means of its two rear limbs or legs. The greatest advantage of bipedal movement is forearms
becoming free for carrying out the order of brain. It also r
aises the head; this allows a greater field of vision with improved detection of distant dangers or resources, access to deeper water for wading animals and allows the animals to reach higher food sources with their mouths. So, the correct answer is option A.
What is the contribution of W.C. pei?
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He discovered Cro-Magnon man.
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He discovered Peking man.
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He discovered Java man.
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None of the above.
Explanation
Pei Wenzhong was a Chinese paleontologist, archaeologist and anthropologist born in Fengnan. Professor Pei is considered a founding figure of Chinese anthropology. He graduated from Peking University in 1928 and went to work for the Cenozoic Research Laboratory of the Geological Survey of China joining the excavations of the Peking Man Site at Zhoukoudian, where he was named the field director of the excavations the following year. The first fossil hominin skullcap was recovered by Pei working in a 40-meter crevasse in frigid weather with a hammer in one hand and a candle in the other on December 2, 1929.
Therefore, the correct answer is option B.
Who discovered Java ape man?
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Leakey
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Mayr
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Davidson Black
0%
Dubois
Explanation
Java man, extinct hominin, member of the human lineage known from fossil remains found on the island of Java, Indonesia. A skullcap and thighbone discovered by the Dutch anatomist and geologist Eugene Dubois in the early 1890s were the first known fossils of the species
Homo erectus
.
Therefore, the correct answer is option D.
The first ancestor of man, whose fossils have been discovered was
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Pithecanthropus
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Zinjanthropus
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Australopithecus
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Neanderthal man
Golden age of dinosaurs was during
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Coenozoic era
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Palaeozoic era
0%
Archeozoic era
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Mesozoic era
Explanation
The Mesozoic Era is literally the era of middle life. It is also known as the age of dinosaurs. It lasted from 245 to 65 million years ago and is divided into the three periods. The Mesozoic began with the supercontinent Pangaea. Then, during the era, Pangaea broke up and the continents drifted apart. The movement of continents changed climates. It also caused tremendous volcanic activity. Mass extinctions occurred at the end of the Triassic and Cretaceous Periods. The first extinction paved the way for a dinosaur takeover. In the second extinction, the dinosaurs finally disappeared.
Therefore, the correct answer is option D.
In which era, there was no life?
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Messozoic era
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Palaeozoic era
0%
Coenozoic era
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Azoic era
Explanation
Azoic Age, Azoic Era, Azoic Period and Azoic Eon were terms used before 1950 to describe the age of rocks formed before the appearance of life in the geologic sequence. The word "Azoic" is derived from the Greek, a- meaning without and zoon meaning animal (or living being), it was first used to mean without life. During this era, the earth was with out plants and animals. The rock layers which were formed soon after azoic era contains the remains of limy sea plants.
Therefore, the correct answer is option D.
Who was the first to explain recapitulation theory?
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Weismann
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Muller and Haeckel
0%
Darwin
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Malthus
Explanation
The theory of recapitulation, also called as the biogenetic law or embryological parallelism often expressed in Ernst Haeckel's phrase "ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny" is a largely discredited biological hypothesis that in developing from embryo to adult, animals go through stages resembling or representing successive stages in the evolution of their remote ancestors. While examples of embryonic stages show that molecular features of ancestral organisms exist, the theory of recapitulation itself has been viewed within the field of developmental biology as a historical side-note rather than as dogma.
Therefore, the correct answer is option B.
On which of the following continent, maximum fossils of prehistoric man have been found?
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Africa
0%
Europe
0%
Asia
0%
America
Explanation
A-
Humans first appeared in the African continent some six million years ago. According to the genetic and paleontological record, we only started to leave Africa between 60,000 and 70,000 years ago, in the middle of the stone age and this is the reason why most fossils are found in the African continent.
Most recent man found as fossil was
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Java man
0%
Peking man
0%
Cro-magnon man
0%
Heidelberg man
Explanation
Most recent man found fossil was Cromagnon man. It lived during the u
pper Paleolithic period (
40,000 to
10,000 years ago) in
Europe
. The fossils were discovered in 1868
in a shallow cave at Cro-Magnon near the town of Les Eyzies-de-Tayac in the Dordogne region of southwestern France. They
were robustly built and powerful and are presumed to have been about 166 to 171 cm.
The body was generally heavy and solid, apparently with strong musculature. The forehead was straight, with slight brow ridges, and the face short and wide. Cro-Magnons were the first humans
to have a prominent chin. The brain capacity was about 1,600 cc.
So, the correct answer is option C.
C. Fuhlrott made an important discovery in evolution and he discovered
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Neanderthal man
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Cro-Magnon man
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Classification of man
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Characters of modern apes
Explanation
In 1856, Johann Karl Fuhlrott first recognized the fossil called as "Neanderthal man", discovered in Neanderthal, a valley near Mettmann in what is now North Rhine Westphalia, Germany. The Neanderthals are an extinct species of human in the genus
Homo
. They are closely related to modern humans differing in DNA by just 0.12%.
Therefore, the correct answer is option A.
Recessive mutations are not lost from a gene pool, this is known as
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Survival of the dominant
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Survival of the recessive
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Hardy-Weinberg law
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Darwin's gene mutation law
Explanation
According to the Hardy Weinberg law, the allele frequencies, irrespective of their dominance of recessiveness, in a population remain constant under absence of factors responsible for evolution (natural selection, migration, genetic drift). It states that the sum of all genotype frequencies can be represented as the binomial expansion of the square of the sum of p and q. This sum is equal to one.
(p + q)2 = $$p^2$$ + 2pq + $$q^2$$ = 1. Here, "p" is the frequency of dominant allele, $$p^2$$ is frequency of homozygous dominants, q is frequency of recessive allele and $$q^2$$ is frequency of homozygous recessive individuals. Darwin proposed that random mutations arise that changes characteristics of a population through the process of natural selection; he did not talk about dominant or recessive forms of mutations. Recessive mutations are accumulated within population in heterozygotes and are expressed when presented in homozygous conditions. The question is about recessive mutations. Thus, the correct answer is option C.
The mesozoic era of earth is called the
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Age of amphibians
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Age of armoured fishes
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Age of primitive man
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Age of ruling reptiles
Explanation
In geology texts, the mesozoic era, which began some 250 million years ago, is usually called the "Age of Reptiles". It is divided into three periods, the Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous. In the typical description, encountered in texts on geology, paleontology and evolutionary biology, it is "the era during which reptiles dominated life on earth until their extinction at the end of the Cretaceous Period, 65 million years ago". The idea that reptiles "ruled" the mesozoic dates back to Cuvier, who in the early nineteenth century asserted there had once been a time, when reptiles were dominant. It also comes from the popular misconception, that dinosaurs were all large. Thus, option D is correct. The mesozoic era of earth is not called the age of amphibians, age of armoured fish and age of primitive man.
Dinosaurs are
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Primitive amphibians
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Extinct reptiles
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Giant mammals
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Primitive mammals
Explanation
Dinosaur, the common name given to a group of reptiles, often very large, that first appeared roughly 245 million years ago (near the beginning of the Middle Triassic Epoch) and thrived worldwide for nearly 180 million years. Most died out by the end of the Cretaceous Period, about 66 million years ago, but many lines of evidence now show that one lineage evolved into birds about 150 million years ago.
Therefore, the correct answer is option b.
Rock mountain revolution took place after
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Cenozoic era
0%
Mesozoic era
0%
Paleozoic era
0%
Proterozoic era
...............era is "age of birds and mammals".
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Mesozoic
0%
Palaeozoic
0%
Cenozoic
0%
Cretaceous
Explanation
The Cenozoic Era is the most recent of the three major subdivisions of animal history. The other two are the Mesozoic and Paleozoic Eras. The Cenozoic spans only about 65 million years, from the end of the Cretaceous Period and the extinction of non-avian dinosaurs to the present. The Cenozoic is sometimes called as the Age of Mammals, because the largest land animals have been mammals during that time. This is a misnomer for several reasons. First, the history of mammals began long before the Cenozoic began. Second, the diversity of life during the Cenozoic is far wider than mammals. The Cenozoic could have been called the "Age of Flowering Plants" or the "Age of Insects" or the "Age of Teleost Fish" or the "Age of Birds" or "Age of mammals" just as accurately.
Therefore, the correct answer is option C.
Dinosaurs originated
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After evolution of mammals
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With early mammals
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Much before mammals
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Before mammals
Explanation
Reptiles had overcome the evolutionary hurdles of support and reproduction that limited the amphibians. Reptiles had strong ossified skeletons supported by advanced muscular systems for body support and locomotion. Some of the largest animals ever to live were dinosaurs of the Jurassic Period. Reptiles were also capable of laying amniotic eggs, which kept the developing young moist and nourished during gestation. This allowed for the first fully terrestrial animal life cycles. Dinosaurs may have been the dominant land animals, but they were not alone. Early mammals were mostly very small herbivores or insectivores and were not in competition with the larger reptiles. Adelobasileus, a shrew-like animal, had the differentiated ear and jaw bones of a mammal and dates from the late Triassic. Thus, option B is correct and other options are wrong.
Golden age of fishes is the name of
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Devonian period
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Ordovician period
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Mesozoic era
0%
Cenozoic era
Explanation
The Devonian is a geologic period and system of the Paleozoic Era spanning from the end of the Silurian Period, about 400 mya. It is named after Devon, England, where rocks from this period were first studied.
The Devonian period experienced the first significant adaptive radiation of terrestrial life. Free-sporing vascular plants began to spread across dry land, forming extensive forests which covered the continents.
By the middle of the Devonian, several groups of plants had evolved leaves and true roots, and by the end of the period the first seed-bearing plants appeared.
Various terrestrial arthropods also became well-established. Fish reached substantial diversity during this time, leading the devonian to often be dubbed the "Age of Fishes".
Ordovician period is the age of invertebrates.
Mesozoic era is the era of medieval life.
Cenozoic era is the era where diversification of placental mammal, modern birds, and angiosperms takes place.
Therefore, the correct answer is option A.
What is the age of man on Earth?
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Proterozoic
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Recent
0%
Mesozoic
0%
100 years
Explanation
The period of Earth's history that began 2.5 billion years ago and ended 542.0 million years ago is known as the Proterozoic. Many of the most exciting events in the history of the Earth and of life occurred during the Proterozoic stable continents first appeared and a long process taking about a billion years. Also coming from this time are the first abundant fossils of living organisms, mostly bacteria and archaea, but by about 1.8 billion years ago eukaryotic cells appear as fossils too. It is not the age of man. The Mesozoic Era is an interval of geological time from about 252 to 66 million years ago till around 66 million years ago. It is also called the age of reptiles, a phrase introduced by the 19th century paleontologist Gideon Mantell. The Holocene is a geological epoch which began at the end of the Pleistocene and continues to the present. The Holocene is part of the Quaternary period. Its name comes from the Greek words meaning "entirely recent". Thus, option B is correct.
Evolution of birds and mammals occured in
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Eocene and oligocene periods
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Silurian and devonian periods
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Carboniferous and Permian epochs
0%
Jurasic period
Explanation
The Jurassic Period was the second segment of the Mesozoic Era. It occurred from 199.6 to 145.5 million years ago, following the Triassic Period and preceding the Cretaceous Period. Dinosaurs may have been the dominant land animals, but they were not alone. Early mammals were mostly very small herbivores or insectivores and were not in competition with the larger reptiles.
Adelobasileus
, a shrew-like animal, had the differentiated ear and jaw bones of a mammal and dates from the late Triassic. Early mammals were developing and diversifying in the Jurassic. Also,
Archaeopteryx
, the first, primitive, dinosaur-like bird appeared about 150 million years ago, toward the end of the Jurassic. The Jurassic saw the rise of dinosaurs and first birds. Thus, option D is correct.
Therefore, the correct answer is option D.
Similarities between organisms of different genotypes is due to
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Convergent evolution
0%
Divergent evolution
0%
Microevolution
0%
Macroevolution
Explanation
Convergent evolution
is the process whereby organisms not closely related, independently
evolve
similar traits as a result of having to adapt to similar environments or ecological niches. Common examples are microbats, toothed whales
and shrews
developed sonar-like echolocation
systems used for orientation, obstacle avoidance and for locating prey.
Several groups of ungulates
have independently reduced or lost side digits on their feet, often leaving one or two digits for walking
So, the correct answer is '
Convergent evolution'
Mass extinction at the end of Mesozoic era was probably caused by
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Continental drift
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Massive glaciation
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Collision of Earth with a large meteorite
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Change in the Earth's orbit.
Explanation
During mesozoic era, distinct terrestrial biotas evolved on each continent. Dinosaurs diversified to become the dominant large predators and herbivores. The era ended with a mass extinction event caused by the collision of earth with a large meteorite.
Therefore, the correct answer is option C.
Archaeopteryx
, toothed fossil bird occurred during
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Jurassic
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Triassic
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Cretaceous
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Permian
Explanation
Archaeopteryx
is a genus of dinosaurs. They provide important transitional link between dinosaurs and modern birds. They are also called as flightless ancient ancestral bird. They occurred during late Jurassic period.
Thus, the correct answer is option A.
What is common between whale, seal and shark?
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Homeothermy
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Seasonal migration
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Thick subcutaneous fat
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Convergent evolution
Explanation
In evolutionary biology, convergent evolution is the process whereby organisms not closely related, independently evolve similar traits as a result of having to adapt to similar environments or ecological niches.
Convergent evolution
creates analogous structures that have similar form or function, but that were not present in the last common ancestor of those groups. Whale, seal and sharks shows convergent evolution, as they have analogous structures used for swimming.
Therefore, the correct answer is option D.
One of the most important divisions under the Kingdom Planate, gymnosperms are believed to be originated 265 million years ago and flourished in the year in which dinosaurs were predominant. Which era is this?
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Palaeozoic era
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Cenozoic era
0%
Mesozoic era
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Crustaceous period
Explanation
Mesozoic era is said to be the era of dinosaurs. It was divided into 3 periods namely Triassic, Jurassic and cretaceous. It was also known as the age of reptiles. Conifers and pines were the major among plants found in that area. At the end of the Jurassic period, flowering plants began to appear.
So, option C is the correct answer.
Genetic drift operates in which of the following population?
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Large isolated population
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Small isolated population
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Fast reproductive population
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Slow reproductive population
Explanation
Genetic drift is defined as the variation in the relative frequency of different genotypes in a small population, owing to the chance disappearance of particular genes as individuals die or do not reproduce.
Genetic drift occurs in small populations because the reason is occasional occurrences of alleles getting lost with higher probability. If and when this loss of alleles starts then the genetic drift continues until that specific allele is totally lost in the entire population.
Hence Genetic drift operates in a small isolated population.
So, the correct answer is 'Small isolated population'.
The dominant plant groups of coenozoic era is
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Ancient bacteria
0%
Algae, Protista, ferns
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Seed bearing plants
0%
Flowering plants
Explanation
Flowering plants angiosperms were dominant in the Cenozoic era. It saw a lot of plants like ferns, conifers, plants, etc. it also witnessed the extinction of dinosaurs and the rise of mankind.
So, option D is the correct answer.
Which one is the important consequence of geographical isolation?
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Preventing speciation
0%
Speciation through reproductive isolation
0%
Random creation of new species
0%
No change in isolated fauna
Explanation
The lineage-splitting event that is used to produce two or more separate species is called speciation.
Natural disasters and natural changes can lead to geographical isolation.
One of the main consequences of geographical isolation is speciation through reproductive isolation, which is the inability of members of the different populations to mate with the other.
The isolation that occurs through geographical separation of the population is also known as allopatric speciation.
Thus the correct answer is option D.
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Practice Class 12 Medical Biology Quiz Questions and Answers
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