CBSE Questions for Class 12 Medical Biology Evolution Quiz 8 - MCQExams.com

Reptiles were the overwhelming creature life shapes amid the Jurassic Period. Reptiles had conquered the developmental obstacles of help and proliferation that constrained the creatures of land and water. The absolute biggest creatures ever to live were dinosaurs of the Jurassic Period.

So, the correct option is 'Jurassic'.

• The evolution of tetrapods began about 400 million years ago in the Devonian period.
  
• The earliest tetrapods are evolved from lobe-finned fishes.
• Tetrapoda, includes all living and extinct amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals.
• Hence ancestral amphibians were tetrapods that evolved during the Devonian period.
• So, the correct answer is 'Devonian period.

Rodents like the flying squirrel are all the more firmly identified with primates or some other placental mammal than they are to the sugar lightweight flyer, which is a marsupial. These creatures are a case of convergent evolution. Predecessors of present-day marsupials presumably split from those of current placental warm-blooded animals in the mid-Jurassic timeframe, back when Stegosaurus Allosaurus still meandered the Earth.

So, the correct option is 'Convergent evolution'.

• Proteins and nucleic acids are the two most basic compounds required for the sustenance of life. 
• Proteins provided a limiting membrane and boundary to primitive entities and nucleic acids are important information molecules, which are required to build self-replicating entities. Option B is correct

• Divergent evolution is the process whereby groups from the same common ancestor evolve and accumulate differences, resulting in the formation of new species. For example, two species that are very closely related and have undergone divergent evolution are the kit fox and the Arctic fox. The kit fox is native to Western North America, and is adapted to desert environments; it has sandy coloration, and large ears, which help it to remove excess body heat. The Arctic fox is native to Arctic regions and lives in the Arctic tundra biome of the Northern Hemisphere. Best adapted to cold climates, it has thick fur, which is white in the winter and brown in the summer, and a small, round body shape that minimizes heat loss.
  
• Hence closely related species with different traits exhibit divergent evolution.
• So, the correct answer is 'Divergent evolution'.

• Parallelism or parallel evolution refers to the evolutionary process wherein two or more species in the same environment develop similar adaptation or characteristics.
• Parallel evolution is similar to convergent evolution in a way that two unrelated species evolved similar traits.
• Hence parallelism is adaptive convergence of widely different species.
• So, the correct answer is 'Adaptive convergence of widely different species'.