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CBSE Questions for Class 12 Medical Biology Human Health And Disease Quiz 5 - MCQExams.com
CBSE
Class 12 Medical Biology
Human Health And Disease
Quiz 5
Which of the following is commonly known as whipworm?
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Oxyuris
0%
Trichuris
0%
Wuchereria
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None of the above
Explanation
Trichuris
, also called as whipworms,
is a genus
of parasitic worms
belongs to family Trichuridae of phylum Nemathelminthes
The name whipworm refers to the shape of the worm; they look like whips
with wider "handles" at the posterior end. It causes trichuriasis in humans. Hence option B is correct.
Wuchereria
is found is
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Lymph nodes
0%
Lungs
0%
Eye
0%
Gonads
Explanation
Wuchereria Bancrofti
is the causative agent of lymphatic filariasis.
This disease is transferred by culex mosquitoes and is found mainly in the tropics and subtropics.
It affects lymph nodes and blocks the flow of lymph in limbs that leads to the swelling of limbs. Thus, the correct answer is option A.
Which of the following is a pseudocoelomate organism?
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Roundworm
0%
Earthworm
0%
Prawn
0%
Tapeworm
Explanation
Nematodes have a pseudocoelom and hence, are called pseudocoelomates. Some common examples of pseudocoelomates include roundworm, pinworm, whipworm, filarial worms, etc. Earthworms and prawns have a true coelom whereas, tapeworms lack coelom.
Thus, the correct answer is option A.
Which one of the following makes use of RNA as a template to synthesize DNA?
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Reverse transcriptase
0%
DNA dependent RNA polymerase
0%
DNA polymerase
0%
RNA polymerase
Explanation
DNA polymerase carries out the process of copying parental DNA to form daughter DNA molecules with identical nucleotide sequences, called replication.
RNA polymerase is the enzyme of transcription which is the process by which parts of the genetic information encoded in DNA are copied precisely into RNA.
The RNA polymerase that synthesizes RNA using DNA strands as the template is called DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, it is the enzyme that catalyzes the transcription process.
On the other hand, the enzyme which synthesizes DNA using an RNA template is called reverse transcriptase because the process goes in just the opposite direction to normal transcription.
Reverse transcription is carried out by RNA viruses.
The correct answer is A.
RNA retrovirus has a special enzyme that
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0%
Transcribes viral RNA to DNA
0%
Translates host DNA
0%
Polymerizes host DNA
0%
Disintegrates host DNA
Explanation
RNA retroviruses have reverse transcriptase enzyme which synthesizes DNA using RNA template, the process is called reverse transcription because the process goes in just opposite direction to normal transcription. A DNA strand is always first transcribed into RNA which is then translated into protein; DNA is never translated into protein which makes option B wrong. DNA polymerization is characteristic of DNA polymerases which are found in all organisms and are not unique to retroviruses; option C is wrong. DNA disintegration is characteristic of nucleases which can cut the DNA randomly or at specific sites. Nucleases are universal in occurrence; option D is wrong. The correct option is A.
The infection of
Enterobius
is caused to man by
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0%
Flying
0%
Piercing
0%
Inoculation
0%
Contamination
Explanation
Enterobius is commonly known as pinworm
because of their characteristic tapering shape and pointed tails. It is a parasitic worm which infects the humans and transmitted by the direct contact with the contaminated surface with pinworm eggs.
Hence option D is correct.
Adult
Wuchereria bancrofti
attacks:
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Nervous system
0%
Lymph vessels
0%
Muscular system
0%
Blood vessels
Explanation
Wuchereria bancrofti
is a human parasitic roundworm that is the major cause of lymphatic filariasis. It infects the lymphatic system and blocks the flow of lymph in peripheral lymphatic system that causes swelling of limbs and thus, called elephantiasis..
Thus, the correct answer is option B.
Which of the following is not hermaphrodite?
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Earthworm
0%
Leech
0%
Taenia
0%
Ascaris
Explanation
Hermaphrodite represents an organism that has both male and female sex organs.
In
Ascaris
, the males and females are separate and so, they are unisexual and not hermaphrodite.
Earthworm, leech and
Taenia
have male and female sex organs in the same organism and hence are hermaphrodite.
Thus, the correct answer is option D.
Which animal among the following has pseudocoelom?
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Dragonfly
0%
Wuchereria bancrofti
0%
Drosophila melanogaster
0%
Lepisma
Explanation
The pseudocoelom is a fluid-filled body cavity lying inside the external body wall of the organism, which is not lined with the mesoderm layer. It is the characteristic feature of the animals under phylum Nematoda or Aschelminthes.
Wuchereria bancroftii
is a roundworm belong to the Nematoda and so has the pseudocoelom.
Thus, the correct answer is option B.
HIV has a protein coat and a genetic material as
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ss-RNA
0%
ds-RNA
0%
ds-DNA
0%
ss-DNA
Explanation
The human immunodeficiency virus is a lentivirus (a subgroup of retrovirus) that causes HIV infection or AIDS. It's genetic material consist of two copies of single-stranded RNA.
Therefore, the correct answer is option A.
Which is carcinogen and pathogen?
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Mycobacterium
0%
LAV (Lymphadenopathy Associated virus)
0%
Hepatitis-A virus
0%
Cancer bacteria virus
Explanation
Mycobacterium
is an aerobic and non-motile bacteria which are pathogens (some causing tuberculosis).
Cancer causing bacteria (like
H.pylori
causing gastric cancer) or viruses are organisms known to or suspected to cause cancer and are carcinogens.
Hepatitis A virus is responsible for causing hepatitis A infection.
Lymphadenopathy Associated virus is a human retrovirus which is another name for HIV, human immunodeficiency virus responsible for AIDS. So, this virus causes an infection, AIDS and also causes cancer, Kaposi's sarcoma.
Therefore, the correct answer is option B.
If the 30 pregnant female A.I.D.S. patient are admitted in female ward in the hospital. Find out the probable number
of neonates (Children) having the H.I.V. from these pregnant females.
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30 children
0%
20 children
0%
10 children
0%
3 children
Explanation
if any pregnant female has AIDS and then without treatment, 1/3rd of children has the chance of getting HIV. That means, if 30 pregnant females AIDS patients are admitted to the hospital, therefore 10 children has the probability of having AIDS. However, this risk can be reduced to about one in 20 if females take the drug called zidovudine. Hence, the correct answer is option C.
Autoimmunity against the synovial membrane at joint is called as
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0%
Multiple sclerosis
0%
I.D.D.M
0%
Hashimoto's disease
0%
Rheumatoid arthritis
Explanation
An autoimmune disease is one in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks the normal cells. In Rheumatoid arthritis, the immune system attacks the lining of the joints. This leads to inflammation that can affect the entire body. Rheumatoid arthritis causes the normally thin synovial membrane to become inflamed and thickened leading to an accumulation of synovial fluid and causing pain and swelling.
Therefore, the correct answer is option D.
Which one of the following phylum is characterized by the absence of a true coelom?
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Echinodermata
0%
Mollusca
0%
Annelida
0%
Nematoda
Explanation
Coelomate animals, true coelom animals have a fluid-filled body cavity, called as coelom as it lined with mesoderm layer. But if the fluid filled the cavity is not lined with mesoderm layer called as pseudocoelome which is the key characteristic of the nematodes. Hence, option D is correct.
Nucleic acid in HIV is a
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ssRNA
0%
dsRNA
0%
ssDNA
0%
dsDNA
Explanation
The HIV or human immunodeficiency virus is a lentivirus (a sub-group of retrovirus) that causes HIV infection i.e., AIDS.
It is composed of two copies of positive single-stranded RNA that codes for the viral proteins.
Thus, the correct answer is option A.
Tabacco chewing results in
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0%
Mouth cancer
0%
Lung cancer
0%
Bone cancer
0%
Leukaemia
Explanation
Tobacco contains nicotine which is directly absorbed by the body while chewing. It is one of the most carcinogenic chemicals that can cause cancer in the mouth called as oral cancer or mouth cancer where a tumour develops on the surface of the tongue, mouth,
lips or gums.
Common symptoms includes p
ersistent sores on the face, neck, or
mouth
that bleed easily and do not heal within 2 weeks. A soreness or feeling that something is caught in the back of the throat. Difficulty
chewing
or swallowing, speaking, or moving the jaw or
tongue
. Hoarseness, chronic sore throat, or change in voice. Hence option A is correct.
Cancer cells are more easily damaged by radiation than normal cells because they are
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Undergoing rapid division
0%
Different in structure
0%
Non-dividing
0%
Starved of mutation
Scopolamine or "truth drug" of world war II was obtained from
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0%
Rauvolfia serpentina
0%
Atropa belladonna
0%
Digitalis purpurea
0%
Papaver somniferum
Explanation
Scopolamine is an anticholinergic medicine. Scopolamine has many effects in the body including decreasing the secretion of fluids, slowing the stomach and intestines, and dilation of the pupils. Scopolamine is used to relieve nausea, vomiting, and dizziness associated with motion sickness and recovery from anesthesia and surgery. Scopolamine may also be used in the treatment of parkinsonism, spastic muscle states, irritable bowel syndrome, diverticulitis and other conditions. Scopolamine is also called as hyoscine. It is alkaloid drug obtained from a number of plants of the family Solenaceae, including nightshade (
Atropa belladona
), henbane and jimsonweed.
Scopolamine is an effective remedy for motion sickness, probably because of its ability to depress the central nervous system. It is also known as a truth drug. Thus, option B is correct.
Which of the following disease is not transmitted through a placenta?
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Hepatitis A
0%
Hepatitis B
0%
Aquired Immunodeficieny Syndrome (AIDS)
0%
Syphilis
Explanation
Hepatitis A virus is not transmitted from infected mothers to newborn infants, as anti-hepatitis A virus IgG antibodies
present during initial stages of HAV infection cross the placenta and provide protection to the infant after delivery. H
epatitis A virus is generally acquired by the faecal-oral route by either person-to-person contact or ingestion of contaminated food or water. Hepatitis A is an enteric infection spread by contaminated excreta.
So, the correct answer is option A.
Living organisms that carry infectious agents from one person to another are called ______
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vectors
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transmitters
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plasmid
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pathogens
The distinguishing features of a nematode are
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Pseudocoelom and flame cells
0%
Pseudocoelom
0%
Flame cells and longitudinal muscle in the body wall
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Syncytial epidermis and diploblastic nature
Explanation
Phylum Nematoda is the only phylum of the animal kingdom which has pseudocoelom and longitudinal muscle in their body wall.
The Phylum Nematoda is included with a group of aquatic phyla known collectively as the pseudocoelomates. These animals have a body cavity (which developed from the embryonic blastocoel) that is not lined with
mesoderm.
Which one of the following is spread through sexual contact ?
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tuberculosis
0%
tetanus
0%
malaria
0%
AIDS.
Explanation
AIDS is an infectious disease that spreads through sexual contact. It also spreads through blood transfusion, use of common needles and syringes or from infected mother to her baby
during pregnancy or breast feeding.
Many skin diseases are caused by _____ .
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0%
Fungi
0%
Viruses
0%
Plants
0%
All the above
HIV stands for ____.
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Human Immunodeficiency Virus
0%
Human Immuno Virus
0%
Human Immunosupportive Virus
0%
Human Inflammatory Virus
Which of the following can make you ill if you come in contact with an infected person?
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0%
High blood pressure
0%
Genetic abnormalities
0%
Sneezing
0%
Blood cancer
Explanation
Through sneezing, the water droplets carrying the microbes enter into the healthy
person. All the others are non communicable diseases.
Hence the correct option is C.
Which of the following diseases are caused by worms?
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Filariasis
0%
Ascariasis
0%
Taeniasis
0%
All of these
Explanation
Filariasis/ Elephantiasis: It spreads by female culex mosquito. Symptoms include highly swollen legs and antifilarial drugs are used to prevent it.
Ascariasis: This parasite lives inside the humans intestine and absorbs food and water from it. It spreads due to contamination of food and water. The eggs of this parasite can be found in soil, unwashed fruits and vegetables. It can be prevented by cleaning vegetables and fruits before consuming. Symptoms include pain in the abdomen and vomiting.
Taeniasis: The parasite lives inside the intestine and absorbs food and water from it. The parasite spreads through undercooked food. Symptoms include pain in the abdomen. It can be prevented by consuming proper cooked food.
Therefore all the above diseases are caused by worms. Option D is correct.
Ringworm is due to ___________.
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algae
0%
virus
0%
fungus
0%
bacteria.
Explanation
Ringworm (tines) is a fungal infection of the skin, the scalp, or the-nails. Ringworm is caused by the dermatophyte fungi-species of Microsporum, and Epidermophyton and also
affects animals, a source of infection for humans.
Which nematodes are present in the intestine?
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Enterobius
0%
Basiria
0%
Ascaris
0%
Eophasma
Explanation
Ascaris lumbricoides
, an intestinal roundworm, They are the nematode that lives in the intestine where they develop and molt.
Ringworm spreads through
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skin to skin contact
0%
clothing of infected person
0%
fomite contact
0%
all of the above
An examples of nematodes.
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Yeast, Hydra
0%
Rhizopus, Chlorella
0%
Roundworm (Ascaris), Hookworm (Ancylostoma)
0%
All of the above
Explanation
Nematoda is the phylum of kingdom Animalia. It is cylindrical shaped triploblastic, bilaterally symmetrical. The examples of nematodes are roundworm (Ascaris), hookworm (Ancylostoma).
........ is a vector of a viral disease known as dengue.
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Plasmodium vivax
0%
Aedes agypti
0%
Entamoeba histolytica
0%
Anopheles mosquito
What are the similarities in the body of the animal belonging to platyhelminthes and nematoda?
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Bilaterally symmetrical, elongated and unsegmented
0%
Triploblastic
0%
Both A and B
0%
None of these
Explanation
Both Platyhelminthes and Nematoda belong to the kingdom Animalia. Both are bilaterally symmetrical, triploblastic. Both have an
unsegmented,
elongated body.
Both are roughly
worm-shaped
, although the occasional platyhelminth gets creative with this feature.
Which of the following is not responsible for atherosclerosis ?
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Smoking
0%
High levels of glucose, fat, and cholesterol in the blood
0%
High blood pressure
0%
Contact with an infected person
Diseases are classified as .......................or................ depending on their duration.
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acute, chronic
0%
infectious, non-infectious
0%
genetic, non-genetic
0%
all of the above
..................... can be prevented by using immunisation.
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0%
Infectious diseases
0%
Non infectious
diseases
0%
Communicable
diseases
0%
Non communicable
diseases
Explanation
Immunization is done by the mean of vaccination and the infectious diseases like polio, measles, diphtheria, tetanus etc can be vaccinated before occurring.
So the correct option is A.
HIV virus cause ....................
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AIDS
0%
Cholera
0%
Typhoid
0%
Measles
Ringworm is caused by
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0%
bacteria
0%
fungus
0%
virus
0%
all of these
........... are known to show the presence of a pseudocoelom.
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0%
Nematodes (roundworms)
0%
Tapeworms
0%
Ringworms
0%
Both A and B
Nicotine present in cigarettes and beedis stimulate the
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0%
Respiratory system
0%
Productive system
0%
Nervous system
0%
Blood circulatory system
Cancer
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0%
Cannot be spread from a sick person to a healthy person
0%
Can be spread from a sick person to a healthy person
0%
Affects the shaft of hair
0%
None of the above
.................... disease continues for a few days and causes no longer term effect on body.
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0%
Acute
0%
Chronic
0%
Infectious
0%
Contagious
In ................ immunisation the body itself produces anti-bodies to fight against infection.
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0%
Active
0%
Passive
0%
Both A and B
0%
None of the above
Explanation
in active immunization, the body itself protects and produces antibodies to fight against the infections stimulate by the vaccination.
So the correct option is A.
Which of the following are infectious diseases
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Chickenpox, tuberculosis
0%
Dengue. Down syndrome
0%
Chikungunya, cleft palate
0%
Cancer, tuberculosis
Active immunity is obtained by
Report Question
0%
Antibodies
0%
Weakened germs infection
0%
Natural resistance
0%
None of these
Explanation
Weakened germs infection elicits immune response in the body. Memory cells are generated which helps the body to fight the infection in future encounters.
Which of the following is enlisted as 'acute diseases?'
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Common cold, Typhoid
0%
Diabetes mellitus, Hypertension
0%
Kidney disease, Atherosclerosis
0%
Alzheimer's disease, Hypertension
What is the full form of "HIV"?
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Human Immunodeficiency Virus
0%
Human Immunosuppressive Virus
0%
Human Immunosupportive Virus
0%
Human Immunogenic Virus
Living organisms carrying the infecting agents from one person to another are called ...........
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0%
vectors
0%
pathogens
0%
bacteria
0%
All of the above
Diseases transmitted through vectors.........
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0%
Malaria.
0%
Cholera
0%
diarrhea
0%
Cancer
The disease caused due to worm is
Report Question
0%
Tetanus
0%
Rabies
0%
Sleeping sickness
0%
Filariasis
Name any two acute diseases.
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0%
Pneumonia, Malaria
0%
AIDS, Tuberculosis
0%
Tuberculosis, Malaria
0%
Pneumonia, Common cold
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