CBSE Questions for Class 12 Medical Biology Principles Of Inheritance And Variation Quiz 14 - MCQExams.com

Match the following and select the correct match.
List IList II
AMendel performed .................. between plants having alternate traits of a character, e.g., tall and dwarf, coloured flower and white flower.1Second filial
BFor this he removed .................. (emasculation) from 50% of the flowers of each type and used them as female parents.2Reciprocal crosses
C.................. from the other flower were collected and dusted over the stigma of these flowers. The pollinated flowers were covered with paper bags and allowed to form pods with seeds.3Monohybrid cross
DThe cross involving two traits of a single character is called .....................  4First filial generation
ECross involving traits of two characters is known as .................. 5Anthers
FThe seeds of the cross were collected and sown next year. The plants were hybrid in nature. They constituted the ................ or $$F_1$$ generation.6Pollen
GSelf Breeding for $$F_2$$ and $$F_3$$ generations. Plants of $$F_1$$ generation were allowed to perform ................... or self-fertilization.7Third filial generation
HMendel collected seeds of the new generations. Plants raised from them were called ...................8Dihybrid cross
Ior $$F_2$$ ..............9Self-pollination
JFurther self-pollination of $$F_2$$ plants produced $$F_3$$10Generation
  • A- 2, B- 5, C- 6, D- 3, E- 8, F- 4, G- 9, H- 1, I- 10, J- 7
  • A- 2, B- 5, C- 6, D- 3, E- 8, F- 9, G- 4, H- 1, I- 10, J- 7
  • A- 2, B- 5, C- 6, D- 8, E- 3, F- 4, G- 9, H- 1, I- 10, J- 7
  • A- 2, B- 6, C- 5, D- 3, E- 8, F- 4, G- 9, H- 1, I- 10, J- 7
In which group of organism, the male has one less chromosome than female?
  • Roundworms
  • All insects
  • Birds
  • Reptiles
  • Round worms and few insects
In Melandrium, the sex determination type is:
  • XX-XY type
  • XX-XO type
  • ZZ-ZW type
  • XY-XO type
  • XO-ZZ type.
Mutations can be induced with
  • $$\gamma$$-radiation
  • Infra red radiation
  • IAA
  • Ethylene
Who amongst of the following are famous for chromosome heredity?
  • Beadle and Tatum
  • Sutton and Boveri
  • Morgan and Sutton
  • Bridges and Morgan
What is the inheritance of colour blindness of both parents having a normal vision but mother having a recessive gene for colour blindness?
  • Son - 50% ; Daughter - nil
  • Son - 100% ; Daughter - nil
  • Son - nil ; Daughter - 100%
  • Son - nil ; Daughter - nil
Eye colour in fruitfly is a sex linked trait and the cross of white eyed female with red eyed male gives red eyed females and white eyed males. Rarely this cross may give all white eyed females and red eyed males. This was found to be due to non-disjunction of
  • Two Y chromosomes in female fly
  • Two X chromosomes in female fly
  • Four Y chromosomes in male fly
  • Four X chromosomes in male fly
Which of the following is correct for tetrasomic aneuploids?
  • 2n+2
  • 2n+2+2+2
  • 2n-1
  • 2n
Best chemical to induce polyploidy is 
  • Maleic hydrazide
  • ABA
  • Acenaphthene
  • Ethylene
In a cross between Raphanus 2n=18 and Brassica 2n=18, the progeny would have.......chromosomes.
  • 36
  • 18
  • 9
  • 27
The plant Triticale is a/an
  • Allopolyploid
  • Autopolyploid
  • Diploid
  • Haploid
  • Autotetraploid

Study the pedigree chart given below. What does it show?
226010_a01239b1c35a4670bc395804e73de049.jpg
  • This pedigree chart is wrong as this is not possible.
  • Inheritance of a recessive sex-linked disease like haemophilia.
  • Inheritance of a sex-linked inborn error of metabolism like phenylketonuria.
  • Inheritance of a condition like phenylketonuria as an autosomal recessive trait.
The idea of mutations was brought forth by
  • Hugo de Vries, who worked on evening primrose
  • Gregor Mendel, who worked on Pisum sativum
  • Hardy Weinberg, who worked on allele frequencies in a population
  • Charles Darwin, who observed a wide variety of organisms during sea voyage
Which one of the following conditions in humans is correctly matched with its chromosomal abnormality/linkage?
  • Klinefelter's syndrome - 44 autosomes + XXY
  • Colour blindness - Y linked
  • Erythroblastosis foetalis - X linked
  • Down syndrome - 44 autosomes + XO
Gyanaecomastia is the symptom of 
  • Klinefelter's Syndrome
  • Turner's Syndrome
  • SARS
  • Down syndrome
A person suffering from Klinefelter syndrome will have how many barr bodies?
  • 2
  • 3
  • 1
  • All of the above
A tobacco plant heterozygous for albinism is self pollinated and 1200 seeds are subsequently germinated. How many seedlings would have the parental genotype?
  • 900
  • 600
  • 1200
  • 300
Comparing the genetic maps of homologous genes in human and mouse chromosomes, the genes that make up 40% of human chromosome 1 are present 
  • As a single contiguous block in mouse chromosome 1
  • In mouse chromosome 4
  • As a single block in mouse chromosome 3
  • All of the above
Which one of following symbol and information is correct?
The cause of mutation is
  • Changes in DNA
  • Changes in chromosome
  • Changes in gene
  • All of the above
Sickle cell anaemia is because of
  • More population of house flies.
  • Change in sequences of amino acids in alpha-chain of haemoglobin.
  • Change in sequences of amino acids in beta-chain of haemoglobin.
  • Poor hygienic conditions.
The DNA in the cell nucleus is the information source for making proteins. If the information is changed, still similar protein will be made. 
  • True
  • False
Find out the wrong statement.
  • Mobile genetic elements, transposons were visualized by Barbara McClintock.
  • Udder cell, a somatic cell is used to produce the cloned sheep by nuclear transplantation method.
  • In pedigree analysis, a person immediately affected by an action is called propositions.
  • Dr Ian Wilmut produced a cloned sheep called Dolly.
  • DNA ligases are used to cleave a DNA molecule.
In pea plant, yellow seeds is dominant over green seeds. If heterozygous plant having yellow seeds crossed with plant having green seeds then what is the ratio of yellow and green plant in $$F_1$$ generation?
  • 50:50
  • 9:1
  • 1:3
  • 3:1
Which represents correct hexaploid nature of wheat, representing monosomic, haploid, nullisomic and trisomic respectively?
  • 12, 28, 42, 43
  • 7, 28, 40, 42
  • 21, 7,  42, 43
  • 41, 21, 40, 43
When a dihybrid cross is fit into a Punnett Square with 16 boxes, the maximum number of different phenotypes available are
  • 8
  • 4
  • 2
  • 16
Grain colour of wheat is determined by three pairs of polygenes. What proportion of F$$_2$$ progeny will resemble either parents following a cross of AABBCC (dark colour) with aabbcc (light colour)?
  • One third
  • Half
  • Less than 5%
  • None of the above
A tall pea plant with round seeds (TTRR) is crossed with a dwarf wrinkle seeded plant (ttrr). F$$_1$$ generation has tall plants with round seeds. What is the proportion of dwarf plants with wrinkled seeds in F$$_2$$ generation?
  • Zero
  • 1/2
  • 1/4
  • 1/16
Albinism is an inherited condition caused by a recessive allele a. A is the dominant allele for the normal condition. What are the genotypes of individuals R and S?
316109.png
  • R = AA, S=AA
  • R = AA, S=Aa
  • R = Aa, S=Aa
  • R = aa, S=aa
Sickle cell anaemia has not been eliminated from African population as
  • It is controlled by dominant genes.
  • It is controlled by recessive genes.
  • It is not a fatal disease.
  • It provides immunity against malaria.
Study the pedigree chart of a certain family given above and select the correct conclusion which can be drawn for the character. 
306740.jpg
  • The male parent is homozygous dominant.
  • The female parent is heterozygous.
  • The parents could not have had a normal daughter for this character.
  • The trait under study could not be colour-blindness.
When heterozygous red flowered plant is crossed with white flowered plant, the progeny will show ratio of
  • 350 red : 350 white
  • 450 red : 250 white
  • 380 red : 220 white
  • None of the above
Exposure of an organism to UV rays causes
  • Photodynamic action
  • Formation of thymidine
  • Splitting of H-bonds of DNA
  • Splitting of phosphodiester bonds
Recessive mutation are expressed normally
  • Has to express always since it is a mutation
  • In heterozygous condition
  • Neither in homozygous nor in heterozygous condition
  • In homozygous condition
The karyotype of an individual with Turner's syndrome is
  • 44 A + XX
  • 45 A + XY
  • 44 A + XO
  • 44 A + XXY
Accumulation of protein, amyloid $$\beta$$-peptide, in human brain causes
  • Addison's disease
  • Huntington's disease
  • Alzheimer's disease
  • Parkinson's disease
  • Motor neuron disease
In rabbits, black (B) coat colour is dominant over white (b) coat colour. Which Punnett square correctly represents a cross between a rabbit heterozygous for coat colour and a white rabbit?
  • None of the above
In the given human pedigree, the filled symbols represent an affected individual. Identify the type of given pedigree.
420823.png
  • X-linked dominant
  • Autosomal dominant
  • X-linked recessive
  • Autosomal recessive
A student completed a genetics exercise by preparing this Punnett square. [Note: 'T' represents a dominant allele and 't' represents a recessive allele.]
What were the likely genotypes of the parents ?

383708.png
  • Parent 1 was homozygous, parent 2 was heterozygous.
  • Parent 1 was heterozygous, parent 2 was homozygous.
  • Both parents were heterozygous.
  • Both parents were homozygous.
Mating of an organism to a double recessive in order to determine whether it is homozygous or heterozygous for a character under consideration, is called as
  • Reciprocal cross
  • Test cross
  • Dihybrid cross
  • Back cross
The reason why some mutations, which are harmful, do not get eliminated from gene pool is that
  • They are recessive and carried by heterozygous individuals.
  • They are dominant and show up more frequently.
  • Genetic drift occurs because of a small population.
  • They have future survival value.
A Mendelian experiment consisted of breeding tall pea plants bearing violet flowers with short pea plants bearing white flowers. The progeny all bore violet flowers, but almost half of them were short. This suggests that the genetic make-up of the tall parent can be depicted as
  • TTWW
  • TTww
  • TtWW
  • TtWw
Mutagenic effect of $$X$$-rays was discovered by Muller in
  • Honey bee
  • Neurospora
  • Drosophila
  • Maize
Pick up the statements that are true about Klinefelter syndrome.
A) Feminine sexual development is not completely suppressed.
B) Karyotype is 47 XXY.
C) The male is negative for Barr body.
D) Secondary sexual characters are well developed.
  • B and D
  • A and B
  • B and C
  • C and D
Which hexaploid wheat is used to make bread?
  • Triticum turgidum
  • Triticum durum
  • Triticum monococcum
  • Triticum aestivum
Skin color in man is an example of
  • Sex linked inheritance
  • Multiple allelism
  • Pieiotropy
  • Polygenic inheritance
A person with 44A+XXY chromosome setup has gynecomastia and is barr body positive. They have symptoms of
  • Turner's syndrome
  • Klinefelter's syndrome
  • Down's syndrome
  • Edward's syndrome
Due to non-disjunction of chromosomes during spermatogenesis, sperms carry both sex chromosomes (22A + XY) and some sperms do not carry any sex chromosome (22A +O). If these sperms fertilise normal eggs (22A + X), what types of genetic disorders appear among the offsprings?
  • Down's syndrome and Turner's syndrome
  • Down's syndrome and Cri-du-chat syndrome
  • Turner's syndrome and Klinefelter's syndrome
  • Down's syndrome and Klinefelter's syndrome
According to theory put forth to explain the mechanism of organic evolution, when structure of a gene under goes a change, the trait it represents also changes.  This results in a heritable variation in population, and may lead to the formation of new species from pre existing species.
Change in gene structure is termed as
  • Mutation
  • Variation
  • Genetic drift
  • Gene knock out
A 10 year old patient is found to have the following clinical features:  Slanting eyes with epicanthic fold of skin in the eyelid, hypertelorism, dysplastic ears, mangoloid face and protruding tongue.
The chromosomal condition of the above syndrome is
  • Autosomal aneuploidy
  • Allosomal hyperaneuploidy
  • Allosomal hypoaneuploidy
  • Autosomal partial deletion
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