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CBSE Questions for Class 12 Medical Biology Reproductive Health Quiz 2 - MCQExams.com
CBSE
Class 12 Medical Biology
Reproductive Health
Quiz 2
Medical Termination of pregnancy (MTP) is considered safe up to how many weeks of pregnancy
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Six weeks
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Eight weeks
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Twelve weeks
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Eighteen weeks
Foetal sex can be determined by examining cells from amniotic fluid looking for
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Autosomes
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Chiasmata
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Sex chromosomes
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Kinetochores
Explanation
Foetal sex can be determined by examining barr bodies. Presence of barr bodies is an indication of X chromosome. Barr bodies are present in females only.
The success of birth control programmes in controlling
population growth is dependent on
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Use of contraceptives
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Tubectomy
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Vasectomy
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Acceptability of the above by the people
Artificial insemination means :
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transfer of sperms of a healthy donor to a test tube containing ova
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transfer of sperms of husband to a test tube containing ova
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artificial introduction of sperms of a healthy donor into the vagina
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introduction of sperms of a healthy donor directly into the ovary
Explanation
Correct Answer:
C
Explanation:
•
Artificial insemination is used as a
fertility treatment
method.
•
It may be needed in case a single woman wants to have a child, or if the male’s sperm is not strong enough to survive until it reaches the egg.
•
The procedure comprises of
deliberate introduction
of sperm into the woman’s cervix.
Hence, the
artificial introduction of sperms of a healthy donor into the vagina
is called artificial insemination.
One of the best legal methods of birth control is
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By abstaining from coitus from day 10 to 17 of the menstrual cycle
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By having coitus at the time of day break
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By premature ejaculation during coitus
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Abortion by taking appropriate medicine
The Test-tube baby techniques uses one of the following.
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Intra uterine insemination (lUI)
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Zygote intra fallopian transfer (ZIFT)
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Micro sperm injection
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Gamete intra fallopian transfer (GlFT)
Explanation
Childless couples could be assisted to have children through assisted reproductive structure through certain special techniques commonly
known as assisted reproductive technologies (ART).
In vitro
fertilisation, (fertilisation outside the body in almost similar conditions as that in the body followed by embryo transfer) is one of such methods. In this method, popularly known as test tube baby programme, ova from the wife/donor (female) and sperms from the husband/donor (male) are collected and are induced to form zygote under simulated conditions in the laboratory. The zygote or early embryos (with upto 8 blastomeres) could then be transferred into the fallopian tube (ZIFT zygote intra fallopian transfer) and embryos with more than 8 blastomeres, into the uterus (intrauterine transfer), to complete its further development. Embryos formed by in vivo fertilisation (fusion of gametes within the female) also could be used for such transfer to assist those females who cannot conceive.
GIFT is
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Embryo implantation in $$vivo$$ fertilization
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Egg implantation for in $$vivo$$ fertilization
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Embryo implantation after in $$vitro$$ fertilization
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Egg and sperm joining in $$vitro$$ fertilization
Explanation
$$\textbf{Correct Option B}$$
$$\textbf{Solution}$$
$$\bullet$$ GIFT stands for gamete intrafallopian transfer. It is an in Vivo fertilization in which the egg is implanted to the fallopian tube.
$$\bullet$$
In this technique multiple eggs are collected from the ovaries and then they are placed in a tube along with the sperms.
$$\bullet$$
The mixture of the sperm and the eggs are then injected into the fallopian tubes with the help of laparoscopy. The fertilization actually takes place in the body rather than outside in the laboratory.
$$\bullet$$
This technique can be used to treat infertility in some cases where the fallopian tubes are damaged.
$$\bullet$$ So, the correct option is B.
In the production of test tube babies
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Fertilization is internal and fetus formation is external.
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Fertilization is external and fetus formation is internal.
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Fertilization and fetus formation is external.
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Fertilization and fetus formation is internal.
Explanation
The Test tube baby programme involves IVF procedure in which an egg is fertilized with sperm outside the body, under laboratory conditions and then it is implanted in a women's uterus for the development of foetus. So, the fertilization is external but development of foetus is internal.
So the correct answer is B.
Female infanticide is commonly reported from
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Usalampatti
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Madurai
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Kanyakumari
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Rajasthan
Explanation
Amniocentesis is an analysis of amniotic fluid to ascertain any congenital genetic or chromosomal disorder in the fetus. One dangerous trend is the misuse of amniocentesis to determine the sex of the unborn child. Frequently, if the fetus is found
to be female, it is followed by MTP or medical termination of pregnancy- this is totally illegal. This problem is especially acute in north Indian states like Rajasthan, Punjab, Haryana.
Thus the correct answer is option D.
GIFT involves
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Transfer of zygote into the fallopian tube
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Transfer of embryo into the uterus
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Transfer of a mixture of sperms and ova into the fallopian tube
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Transfer of a mixture of sperm and ova into the uterus.
Explanation
GIFT
(gamete intra fallopian transfer)
is an assisted reproductive procedure which involves removing a woman’s eggs, mixing them with sperm, and immediately placing them into a fallopian tube. One of the main differences between this procedure and in vitro fertilization (IVF) and zygote intrafallopian transfer (ZIFT) procedures is that with GIFT the fertilization process takes place inside the fallopian tube rather than in a laboratory.
So, the correct answer is 'Transfer of a mixture of sperms and ova into the fallopian tube'.
The method through which childless couples can be assisted to bear children is called:
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MTP
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IUD
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ART
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Tubectomy
Explanation
MTP: Medical Termination of Pregnancy.
IUD: Intra-Uterine Devices
Tubectomy
is a surgical process that blocks the fallopian tubes in females.
IUDs and tubectomy are contraceptive methods for females.
ART : Assisted Reproduction Treatment.
The childless couples could be assisted to have children through certain special techniques which are commonly known as assisted reproductive technologies (ART). The important examples of ART include In vitro fertilization or IVF, Embryo transfer or ET, ZIFT or zygote intrafallopian transfer, GIFT or gamete intrafallopian transfer, artificial insemination AI, intrauterine insemination, or IUI.
Cryptorchidism is the condition when
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Testes are inside abdomen and normal.
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Testes fail to descend into the scrotum.
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Ovaries are in gubernaculum.
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Ovaries fail to descend.
Explanation
The condition of undescended testis is called as cryptorchidism.
During embryonic life, the testes develop within the abdominal cavity but descend into the scrotum prior to birth.
If they fail to do this and the condition is not corrected, infertility is likely to follow and the risk of testicular
cancer is increased.
Therefore, the correct answer is 'Testes fail to descend into the scrotum'.
Artificial insemination means the
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Transfer of sperms of the husband to a test tube containing ova.
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Artificial introduction of sperms of a healthy donor into the vagina.
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Introduction of sperms of a healthy donor directly into the ovary.
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Transfer of sperms of healthy donor to a test tube containing ova.
Explanation
Correct option: B
Explanation:
Artificial insemination is a technique in which semen is artificially introduced to the female vagina
.
ART refers to "
Assisted Reproductive Techniques
" and it includes various techniques to solve infertility issues.
It includes
GIFT, ZIFT, AI, ICSI,
etc.
This technique is taken into account in case of
male infertilit
y, i.e, low sperm count or low sperm motility.
The normal sperm count must be
15-259 million/ml of semen
and that of sperm motility must be
40-81%.
Hence, a
rtificial insemination means the "
a
rtificial introduction of sperms of a healthy donor into the vagina
".
Cryosurgery is done using ..
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Liquid Hydrogen
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Liquid Sodium
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Liquid Ammonia
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Liquid Nitrogen
Explanation
Cryosurgery is a medical technique which uses cold temperature for the surgical process. Due to the extreme cold temperature with the liquid nitrogen, the abnormal tissues are destroyed. This treatment is used to destroy the tumour cells and lesions.
Thus, the correct answer is option D.
Vas deferens is cut for ______.
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Female sterilization
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Male sterilization
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Both A and B
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Temporary sterilization
Explanation
Surgical methods are generally advised for the male / female partner as a terminal method to prevent any more pregnancies. Surgical intervention blocks gamete transport and thereby prevent conception. Sterilization procedure in the male is called vasectomy and that in the female, tubectomy.
In vasectomy, a small part of the vas deferens is removed or tied up through a small incision on the scrotum whereas in tubectomy, a small part of the fallopian tube is removed or tied up through a small incision in the abdomen or through the vagina.
So, the correct answer is '
Male sterilization'
Deficiency of Vitamin E brings about
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Scurvy
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Beri-Beri
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Slow clotting of blood
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Impotency
Explanation
Vitamin E is a fat-soluble vitamin. Vitamin E is also known as antisterility vitamin. It is required for motility of sperms, maturation of RBCs and is an important antioxidant vitamin. The vitamin E deficiency causes problems such as poor transmission of nerve impulses, muscle weakness, sterility and degeneration of the retina that can cause blindness.
Chancroid is a sexually transmitted disease caused by
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Treponema
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Haemophilus
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Neisseria
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Chlamydia
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Trichimonas
Explanation
Chancroid is a bacterial sexually transmitted infection characterized by painful sores on the genitalia. It is caused by the fastidious Gram-negative streptobacillus
Haemophilus ducreyi.
Therefore, the correct answer is option B.
MTP is a
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Multi trade practices
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Malthusian treatise on population
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Multiple temporary frequency
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Medical termination of pregnancy
Explanation
Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP) or abortion is a method to get rid of unwanted pregnancy or terminate the pregnancy through the surgical or medicinal way. In India it is legal only up to twenty weeks of pregnancy under specific conditions and situations.
When a species of an organism cannot form a zygote but the zygote survives, the phenomenon is known as
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Hybrid vigour
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Hybrid sterility
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Hybrid zygote
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Hybrid fertility
Human population is directly affected by which of the following?
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Availability of medical facilities
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Standard of living
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Availability of food and shelter
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All of the above
Explanation
The growth of human population is directly dependent on
(1) Increases in food production and distribution, and availability of shelter.
(2) Improvement in public health (water and sanitation) and better medical facilities.
(3) Better education and standards of living within many developing nations.
Thus, the correct answer is option D.
The best solution to population problem in India is to
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Conserve natural resources
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Increase medical facilities
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Reduce birth rate
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Increase food production
Explanation
The main common cause leading to overpopulation in India are: the birth rate is still higher than the death rate.
Even though legally the marriageable age of a girl is 18 years, the concept of early marriage still prevails, and getting married at a young age prolongs the childbearing age.
Hence, the best solution to the population problem in India is to r
educe the birth rate.
So, the correct answer is option C.
Population explosion in India is due to
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Climate
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Increased death rate
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Lack of education
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All of the above
Explanation
Impoverished families have this notion that the more the number of members in the family, the more will be the numbers to earn income.
Some feel that more children are needed to look after them in their old age.
Nowadays we are getting better medical facilities which result in decreased death rate.
Indians still lag behind in the use of contraceptives and birth control methods.
Many of them are not willing to discuss or are totally unaware of them. Illiteracy is thus another cause of overpopulation.
So the correct answer is option C.
Failure of descent of testes in scrotal sacs is called as ?
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Vasectomy
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Cryptorchidism
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Impotency
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Tubectomy
Explanation
In males, the scrotum is a pouch of deeply pigmented skin, fibrous and connective tissue and smooth muscle. It lies below the symphysis pubis, in front of the upper parts of the thighs and behind the penis. The testes are situated outside the abdominal cavity within the scrotum. The scrotum helps in maintaining the low temperature of the testes necessary for
spermatogenesis.
The condition of undescended testis is called as cryptorchidism. During embryonic life, the testes develop within the abdominal cavity, but descend into the scrotum prior to birth. If they fail to do this and the condition is not corrected, infertility is likely to follow and the risk of testicular cancer is increased.
Therefore, the correct answer is option B.
In mammals, failure of testes to descend into scrotum is known as
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Paedogenesis
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Castration
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Cryptorchidism
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Impotency
Explanation
During embryonic life, the testes develop within the abdominal cavity but descend into the scrotum prior to birth. If they fail to do this, it is called undescended testis (cryptorchidism). If the condition is not corrected, infertility is likely to follow and the risk of testicular cancer is increased.
So, the correct answer is '
Cryptorchidism'
The technique called gamete intra fallopian transfer (GIFT) is recommended for those females
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Who cannot produce an ovum
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Who cannot retain the foetus inside uterus
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Whose cervical canal is too narrow to allow passage for the sperms
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Who cannot provide suitable environment for fertilisation
Explanation
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
GIFT is an assisted reproductive technology (ART). It involves, transfer of an ovum collected from a donor into the fallopian tube (GIFT gamete intra fallopian transfer) of another female, who cannot produce one, but can provide suitable environment for fertilisation and further development of embryo.
So, the correct answer is '
Who cannot produce an ovum'
IVF stands for
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In vitro fertilization
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In vivo fertilization
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In voice fertilization
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In vocal fertilization
Explanation
IVF stands for in-vitro fertilization. IVF is the process of fertilization by manually combining an egg and sperm in a laboratory dish and then transferring the embryo to the uterus.
Introducing semen through technology into the female genital tract is known as _______.
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Artificial insemination
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Implantation
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Fertilization
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Capacitation
Gonorrhoea is a venereal disease transmitted by sexual contact. It is caused by ?
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Virus
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Bacteria
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Protozoan
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Fungus
Explanation
Gonorrhea is a sexually transmitted disease (STD) caused by
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
. It is an acute, infectious disease of the mucous membranes of the genitourinary tract, eye, rectum, and throat. The bacterium can grow and multiply easily in warm, moist areas of the reproductive tract, including cervix, uterus, and fallopian tubes in women whereas in men, it grows in the urethra. An infected a pregnant women may transmit the infection to her baby through vaginal tract. Symptoms of gonorrhea in females manifest as abdominal pain, swelling, abnormal vaginal discharge and abnormal menstrual bleeding. In males, symptoms of gonorrhea include characteristic painful, purulent urethral discharge. An infected a pregnant women may transmit the infection to her baby through vaginal tract
So, the correct answer is '
Bacteria'
Rapid population growth can never cause:
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Poverty
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Good education facilities
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Disease
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Malnutrition
Explanation
When a population grows rapidly it decreases the availability of capital per person hence productivity of labor force decreases.
This leads to a decrease in income that leads to poverty, reduced food availability, less nutritional food causing a rise in disease.
The education facilities are poor because of less availability of money to be invested in this field.
Thus the correct answer is option B.
What would happen if vasa deferentia of man are cut?
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Sperms will be non-nucleate
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Spermatogenesis will not occur
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Semen will be without sperms
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Sperms will be non-motile
Explanation
Vas deferens is the dilated continuation of the epididymis. It is located on the spermatic cord; hence, a male permanent (surgical) contraceptive method (vasectomy) is usually performed on it.
As it passes from the tail of the epididymis, it is covered by the spermatic cord containing testicular artery, vein, autonomic nerves, lymphatic and connective tissue.
After the ducts pass through the inguinal canal it frees from the spermatic cord and passes behind the urinary bladder, where it travels alongside an accessory gland, the seminal vesicle and becomes ejaculatory duct. Just before reaching the seminal vesicle, it widens into an enlarged portion, ampulla.
The ampulla is sperm storage sites before ejaculation. It
transports sperm by peristalsis during peak stimulation. If vas deferens is cut the semen will be without sperms.
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