CBSE Questions for Class 12 Medical Physics Nuclei Quiz 11 - MCQExams.com

The temperature required for the process of nuclear fusion is nearly:
  • $$1000 K$$
  • $$10^{4} K$$
  • $$10^{5} K$$
  • $$10^{7} K$$
Nuclear binding energy is equivalent to 
  • Mass of proton
  • Mass of neutron
  • Mass of nucleus
  • Mass detect of nucleus
The accepted unit of atomic and molecular mass is:
  • kilogram 
  • gram 
  • pound
  • atomic mass unit
Nuclear reaction are given as
$$(i) \Box \ (n,p)_{15}p^{32} (ii)\Box (p,a)_8O^{16} \ (iii) _7\Box^4 (\ \ p) _6C^{14}$$ 
missing particles (in box $$\Box$$) in these reactions are respectively
  • $$S,\ F,\ _0n^1$$
  • $$ F,\ S,\ _0n^1$$
  • $$Be,\ F,\ _0n^1$$
  • None of these
Which of the following particles are constituents of the nucleus
  • Protons and electrons
  • Protons and electrons
  • Neutrons and electrons
  • Neutrons and positrons
Assertion : Separation of isotope is possible because of the difference in electron numbers of isotope
Reason : Isotope of an element can be separated by using a mass spectrometer.
  • If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
  • If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
  • If assertion is true but reason is false.
  • If the assertion and reason both are false
  • If assertion is false but reason is true.
Which substance is discovered by the Prafulla Chandra Ray the inventor of Indian Chemical Industry ?
  • Sodium Chloride
  • Mercurus Nitrate
  • Nitre
  • Sal Ammonia
What type of energy is used to run submarine?
  • Wind energy
  • Ocean energy
  • Atomic energy
  • None of these
The nucleus with highest binding energy per nucleon is:
  • $$^{238}_{92}U$$
  • $$^{4}_{2}He$$
  • $$^{16}_{8}O$$
  • $$^{56}_{26}Fe$$
A nuclear reaction of $$40\%$$ efficiency has $$1014$$ decays / second. If the energy obtained per fission is $$250 \,MeV,$$ then power of reactor is:
  • $$2 \,kW$$
  • $$4 \,kW$$
  • $$1.6 \,kW$$
  • $$3.2\,kW$$
In the decay of $$_{92}^{238}$$ into $$_{82}^{206}Pb$$ the number of emitted $$\alpha$$ and $$\beta$$ particles are respectively :
  • $$8,8$$
  • $$6,6$$
  • $$6,8$$
  • $$8,6$$
On absorbing energy $$^{22}Ne$$ nucleus decays into a-particle and an unknown nucleus. The unknown nucleus is :
  • Oxygen
  • Boron
  • Silicon
  • Carbon
The binding energy per nucleon for a deuterium nucleus is $$1.115\ MeV$$. Mass defect for this nucleus is about :
  • $$2.23\ u$$
  • $$0.0024\ u$$
  • $$0.027\ u$$
  • Data is insufficient
What is atomic mass of $$He$$ in amu $$(u)$$ units?
  • $$8$$
  • $$9$$
  • $$2$$
  • $$4$$
Which nuclear reaction takes place in an atom bomb?
  • Nuclear fission
  • Nuclear fusion
  • Radioactivity
  • Combustion
A stationary body explodes into two fragments each of rest mass 1kg that move apart at speed of 0.6c relative to the original body. The rest mass of the original body is:-
  • 2 kg
  • 2.5 kg
  • 1.6 kg
  • 2.25 kg

The correct statement is

42152.PNG
  • The nucleus $$^{6}_{3}Li$$ can emit an alpha particle
  • The nucleus $$^{210}_{84}Po$$ can emit a proton.
  • Deuteron and alpha particle can undergo complete fusion.
  • The nuclei $$^{70}_{30} Zn$$ and $$^{82}_{34}Se$$ can undergo complete fusion.
The energy required to separate the typical middle mass nucleus $$^{120}_{50}Sn$$ into its constituent nucleons is :
(Mass of $$^{120}_{50}Sn=$$ $$119.902199\  amu$$; mass
of proton$$=1.007825\  amu$$ and mass of neutron$$=1.008665\  amu$$)
  • $$921\  MeV$$
  • $$821\ MeV$$
  • $$1021 \ MeV$$
  • $$1121\  MeV$$
In the reaction $$_7N^{14} +$$ $$ _2He^4 \rightarrow  _8O^{17} + $$ $$_1H^1$$. The minimum energy of $$\alpha$$-particle is
$$M_N=$$ $$14.00307$$ amu      $$M_{He}=$$ $$4.00260$$ amu
$$M_o =$$ $$16.99914$$ amu      $$M_H=$$ $$1.00783$$ amu
  • $$1.21MeV$$
  • $$1.62MeV$$
  • $$1.89MeV$$
  • $$1.96MeV$$
The kinetic energy (in keV) of the alpha particle, when the nucleus $$^{210}_{84}Po$$ at rest undergoes alpha decay, is

42152.PNG
  • $$5319$$
  • $$5422$$
  • $$5707$$
  • $$5818$$
Atomic masses of $$^{14}_{7}N$$ and $$^{16}_{8}O$$ are $$14.008$$ amu and $$16.000$$ amu respectively. The mass of $$^{1}_{1}H$$ atom is 1.007825 amu and the mass of neutron is $$1.008665$$ amu. Pick the correct option 
  • $$^{14}_{7}N$$ is more stable than $$^{16}_{8}O$$
  • $$^{16}_{8}O$$ is more stable than $$^{14}_{7}N$$
  • Both are not stable
  • Both are equally stable
The mass of chlorine ($$_{17}Cl^{35}$$) atom is 34.98 amu, mass of proton = 1.007825 amu, mass of neutron= 1.008665 amu. Then binding energy is :
  • $$287.83$$ Mev
  • $$287.83$$ joules
  • $$8.22 $$Mev
  • $$8.22 $$joule
Assume that two deuteron nuclei in the core of fusion reactor at temperature T are moving towards each other, each with kinetic energy $$1.5 kT$$, when the separation between them is large enough to neglect Coulomb potential energy. Also neglect any interaction from other particles in the core. The minimum temperature $$T$$ required for them to reach a separation of $$4 \times 10^{-15}$$ m is in the range
  • $$1.0\times 10^{9}\mathrm{K}<\mathrm{T}<2.0\times 10^{9}\mathrm{K}$$
  • $$2.0\times 10^{9}\mathrm{K}<\mathrm{T}<3.0\times 10^{9}\mathrm{K}$$
  • $$3.0\times 10^{9}\mathrm{K}<\mathrm{T}<4.0\times 10^{9}\mathrm{K}$$
  • $$4.0\times 10^{9}\mathrm{K}<\mathrm{T}<5.0\times 10^{9}\mathrm{K}$$
A radioactive nucleus undergoes a series of decays according to the sequence
$$A\overset{\beta}{\rightarrow}A_1\overset{\alpha}{\rightarrow}A_2\overset{\alpha}{\rightarrow}A_3$$
If the mass number and atomic number of $$A_3$$ are $$172$$ and $$69 $$respectively, then the mass number and atomic number of A is
  • $$56, 23$$
  • $$180, 72$$
  • $$120, 52$$
  • $$84, 38$$
Parto of the uranium decay series is shown
$$_{92}U^{238} \rightarrow _{90}Th^{234} \rightarrow _{91}Pa^{234}\rightarrow$$$$_{92}U^{234} \rightarrow _{90}Th^{230}\rightarrow _{88}Ra^{226}$$
How many pairs of isotopes are there in the above series :
  • 1
  • 2
  • 3
  • 0
The above is a plot of binding energy per nucleon $$\mathrm{E}_{\mathrm{b}}$$, against the nuclear mass $$\mathrm{M};\mathrm{A},\ \mathrm{B},\ \mathrm{C},\ \mathrm{D},\ \mathrm{E},\ \mathrm{F}$$ correspond to different nuclei. Consider four reactions :
(i) $$\mathrm{A}+\mathrm{B}\rightarrow \mathrm{C}+\epsilon$$
(ii) $$\mathrm{C}\rightarrow \mathrm{A}+\mathrm{B}+\epsilon$$
(iii) $$\mathrm{D}+\mathrm{E}\rightarrow \mathrm{F}+\epsilon$$
(iv) $$\mathrm{F}\rightarrow \mathrm{D}+\mathrm{E}+\epsilon$$
where $$\epsilon$$ is the energy released ? In which reaction is $$\epsilon$$ positive ? 

40544.jpg
  • (i) and (iv)
  • (i) and (iii)
  • (ii) and (iv)
  • (ii) and (iii).
Match list I and list II.
           List I                                                                                         List II
A. $$_{1}^{2}H+^{3}_{1}H\rightarrow ^{4}_{2}He +^{1}_{0}n+17.6 MeV$$                        1. Artificial radioactivity 

B. $$^{235}_{92}U+^{1}_{0}n\rightarrow^{143}_{56}Ba+^{90}_{36}Kr+3^{1}_{0}n+200Mev$$      2. Isodiaphers

C. $$^{23}_{13}Al+^{4}_{2}He\rightarrow ^{30}_{14}Si+^{1}_{1}H$$                                          3. Atom Bomb

D. $$^{m}_{Z}A\overset{-\alpha}{\rightarrow} ^{m-4}_{Z-2}B$$                                                                 4. Nuclear Fissio                                                                                                                          Nuclear Fusion
  • A - 5; B - 3,4; C - 1; D - 2
  • A - 2; B - 3,4; C - 1; D - 5
  • A - 1,5; B - 3; C - 4; D - 2
  • A - 3,4; B - 1; C - 5; D - 4,2
During a $$\beta$$  positive decay experiment it is observed that kinetic energy of $$\beta$$  positive particle is 50% of Q value of the reaction, then select the correct alternative 
  • Almost remaining 50% energy must be in form of kinetic energy of daughter nucleus.
  • Almost remaining 50% energy must be lost in form of heat.
  • Almost remaining 50% energy must be taken away by neutrino.
  • Almost remaining 50% energy must be taken away by antineutrino.
A helium atom, a hydrogen atom and a neutron have masses of $$4.003 u$$, $$1.008 u$$ and $$1.009 u$$ (unified atomic mass units), respectively. Assuming that hydrogen atoms and neutrons can fuse to form helium, what is the binding energy of a helium nucleus?
  • $$2.01 u$$
  • $$3.031 u$$
  • $$1.017 u$$
  • $$0.031 u$$
When the number of nucleons in nuclei increase, the binding energy per nucleon
  • increases continuously with mass number
  • decreases continuously with mass number
  • remains constant with mass number
  • first increases and then decreases with increase of mass number
A beam of $$16 MeV$$ deutrons from a cyclotron falls on a copper block. The beam is equivalent to a current of 15$$\mu A$$. At what rate do the deutrons strike the block?
  • $$9.4 \times 10^9$$
  • $$9.4 \times 10^7$$
  • $$9.4 \times 10^{11}$$
  • $$9.4 \times 10^{13}$$
In an $$\alpha-decay$$, the kinetic energy of $$\alpha-particle$$ is $$48\ MeV$$ and Q value of the reaction is $$50\ MeV$$. The mass number of the mother nucleus is: - (Assume that daughter nucleus is in ground state)
  • $$96$$
  • $$100$$
  • $$104$$
  • none of these
The binding energy of an electron in the ground state of $$He\ $$atom is $$E_0=24.6 eV.$$ The  energy required to remove both the electrons from the atom is 
  • $$24.6eV$$
  • $$79.0eV$$
  • $$54.4eV$$
  • None of these
Find the binding energy of valence electron in the ground state of a $$Li$$ atom if the wavelength of the sharp series is known to be $$\lambda_{1}$$ $$= 813 nm$$ and the short wave cutoff wavelength $$\lambda_{2}$$, $$= 350 nm$$
  • $$3.54 eV$$
  • $$5.32 eV$$
  • $$1.5 eV$$
  • $$4.32 eV$$
The above is a plot of binding energy per nucleon $$E_{b},$$ against the nuclear mass M; A, B,C, D, E, correspond to different nuclei. Consider four reactions :
(i) $$A+B\rightarrow C+\varepsilon $$
(ii) $$C\rightarrow A+B+\varepsilon $$
(iii) $$D+E\rightarrow F+\varepsilon $$
(iv) $$F\rightarrow D+E+\varepsilon ,$$
where $$\varepsilon$$  is the energy released. In which reactions $$\varepsilon $$ positive?

76381_4942c2fb57cf451cb2c9a8ebc4538cb4.png
  • (i) and (iii)
  • (ii) and (iv)
  • (ii) and (iii)
  • (i) and (iv)
A fusion reaction consists of combining four protons into an $$\alpha$$ - particle. The mass of $$\alpha$$ - particle is $$4.002603 amu$$ and that of proton is $$1.007825 amu$$
  • the equation $$4p{_{1}}^{1} \rightarrow He{_{2}}^{4}$$ does not satisfy conservation of charge
  • the correct reaction equation may be $$4p{_{1}}^{1} \rightarrow He{_{2}}^{4}+2\beta ^{+}+2\upsilon$$ where $$\beta ^{+}$$ is positron and $$\upsilon$$ is the neutrino (zero rest mass and uncharged)
  • loss of mass in the reaction is $$0.028697 amu$$
  • the energy equivalent of the mass defect is $$26.7 MeV$$
Statement 1: Binding energy of $$_8O^{15}$$ is less than $$_7N^{14}$$
Statement 2 : Nuclear force is independent of the charge on the nucleons. For isobars, the difference in binding energies is mainly due to the difference in proton-proton coulombic repulsion
  • Statement 1 is True, Statement 2 is True; Statement 2 is a correct explanation for Statement 1
  • Statement 1 is True, Statement 2 is True; Statement 2 is NOT a correct explanation for Statement 1
  • Statement 1 is True, Statement 2 is False
  • Statement 1 is False, Statement 2 is True.
The following deuterium reactions and corresponding reaction energies are found to occur
$$^{14}N(d, p)^{15}N, Q=8.53 MeV$$
$$^{15}N(d, \alpha)^{13}C, Q=7.58 MeV$$
$$^{13}C(d, \alpha)^{11}B, Q=5.16 MeV$$
The rotation $$^{14}N(d, p)^{15}N$$ represents the reaction $$^{14}N+d\rightarrow ^{15}N+p$$
$$_2^4He=4.0026 amu, _1^2He=2.014 amu, _1^1H=1.0078 amu, n=1.0087 amu (1 amu=931 MeV)$$
The Q values of the reaction $$^{11}B(\alpha, n)^{14}N$$ is
  • $$0.5 eV$$
  • $$0.5 MeV$$
  • $$0.05 MeV$$
  • $$0.05 eV$$
The rest mass of a deuteron is equivalent to an energy of $$1876$$ MeV, that of a proton to $$939$$ MeV, and that of a neutron to $$940$$ MeV. A deuteron may disintegrate to a proton and a neutron if it
  • emits an X-ray photon of energy $$2$$ MeV
  • captures an X-ray photon of energy $$2$$ MeV
  • emits an X-ray photon of energy $$ 3$$ MeV
  • captures an X-ray photon of energy $$3$$ MeV
Assuming that about 20 MeV of energy is released per fusion reaction $$_1H^2+_1H^2\rightarrow _2He^4+E+$$ other particles, then the mass of $$_1H^2$$ consumed per day in a fusion reactor of power 1 megawatt will approximately be
  • 0.001 g
  • 1 g
  • 10.0 g
  • 1000 g
If mass of $$U^{235}=235.12142amu$$, mass of $$U^{236}=236.1205 amu$$, and mass of neutron $$1.008665 amu$$, then the energy required to remove one neutron from the nucleus of $$U^{236}$$ is nearly about
  • $$75 MeV$$
  • $$6.5 MeV$$
  • $$1 eV$$
  • zero
In the nuclear reaction given by $$_2He^4+_7N^{14}\rightarrow _1H^1+X$$ the nucleus X is
  • nitrogen of mass $$16$$
  • nitrogen of mass $$17$$
  • oxygen of mass $$16$$
  • oxygen of mass $$17$$
The binding energies per nucleon of deutreron $$(_1H^2)$$ and helium $$(_2He^4)$$ atoms are $$1.1 MeV$$ and $$7 MeV$$. If two deuteron atoms react to form a single helium atom, then the energy released is
  • $$13.9 MeV$$
  • $$26.9 MeV$$
  • $$23.6 MeV$$
  • $$19.2 MeV$$
What would be the energy required to dissociate completely $$1 g$$ of $$Ca^{40}$$ into its constituent particles?
Given: Mass of proton $$=1.007277 amu$$,
           Mass of neutron $$=1.00866 amu$$,
           Mass of $$Ca-40=39.97545 amu$$
           (Take $$1 amu=931 MeV)$$
  • $$4.813\times 10^{24} MeV$$
  • $$4.813\times 10^{24} eV$$
  • $$4.813\times 10^{23} MeV$$
  • none of the above
Calculate the binding energy of a deuteron atom, which consists of a proton and a neutron, given that the atomic mass of the deuteron is 2.014102 u 
  • 0.002388 MeV
  • 2.014102 MeV
  • 2.16490 MeV
  • 2.224 MeV
A stationary thorium nucleus $$(A=220, Z=90)$$ emits an alpha particle with kinetic energy $$E_{\alpha}$$. What is the kinetic energy of the recoiling nucleus?
  • $$\dfrac {E_{\alpha}}{108}$$
  • $$\dfrac {E_{\alpha}}{110}$$
  • $$\dfrac {E_{\alpha}}{55}$$
  • $$\dfrac {E_{\alpha}}{54}$$
Rank the following nuclei in order from largest to smallest value of the binding energy per nucleon:
(i) $$_2^4He$$, (ii) $$_{24}^{52}Cr$$, (iii) $$_{62}^{152}Sm$$, (iv) $$_{80}^{100}Hg$$, (v) $$_{92}^{252}Cf$$
  • $$E_{(i)} = E_{(ii)} = E_{(iii)} = E_{(iv)} = E_{(v)}$$
  • $$E_{(v)} > E_{(iv)} > E_{(iii)} > E_{(ii)} > E_{(i)}$$
  • $$E_{(i)} > E_{(ii)} > E_{(iii)} > E_{(iv)} > E_{(v)}$$
  • $$E_{(ii)} > E_{(iii)} > E_{(iv)} > E_{(v)} > E_{(i)}$$
Mark the correct statement(s)
  • for an exothermic reaction, if Q value is $$+12.56 MeV$$ and the KE of incident particle is $$2.44 MeV$$, then the total KE of products of reaction is $$15.00$$ MeV
  • for an exothermic reaction, if Q value is $$+12.56 MeV$$ and the KE of incident particle is $$2.44 MeV$$, then the total KE of products of reaction is $$12.56$$ MeV
  • For an endothermic reaction, if we give the energy equal to $$|Q|$$ value of reaction, then the reaction will be carried out
  • for an exothermic reaction, the BE per nucleon of products should be greater than the BE per nucleon of reactants
In the nuclear reaction presented above, the "other particles" might be
  • an alpha particle, which consists of two protons and neutrons
  • two protons
  • one protons and one neutron
  • two neutrons
Binding energy per nucleon is maximum
  • for lighter order elements (low mass number)
  • for heavier order elements (high mass number)
  • for middle order elements
  • equal for all order elements
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