CBSE Questions for Class 12 Medical Physics Nuclei Quiz 3 - MCQExams.com

Identify which of the following statement best describe a nuclear reaction.
  • the particles in the nucleus are changed, and one element is transformed into another element when particles in the nucleus are gained or lost.
  • the electrons are exchanged from one or more substances to produce a different substance, and the elements are the same in the products and reactants.
  • two smaller nuclei are combined into a more massive nuclei giving off tremendous amounts of energy in the process.
  • the nucleus of a large atom is split into two or more fragments.
  • radiation is produced.
The energy needed to break a nucleus into its individual nucleons in a nuclear reaction is called
  • nuclear binding energy
  • ionization energy
  • activation energy
  • free energy
  • fission energy
Which of the following describe that two lighter atoms combine to form one heavier atom?
  • nuclear fission
  • radioactive tracer
  • nuclear fusion
  • radiation therapy
  • radioactive carbon dating
Which of the following term means the difference between the mass of the nucleus and the sum of each individual nucleon ?
  • mass defect
  • nucleon difference
  • nucleon defect
  • mass difference
  • nuclear difference
Substances which have identical chemical properties but differ in atomic weight are called.
  • Isothermals
  • Isotopes
  • Isotropics
  • Elementary particles
The rest energy involved in a mass of one atomic mass unit is _________ eV.
  • $$931$$ MeV
  • $$1.6$$ eV
  • $$9.3$$ MeV
  • $$9.1$$
Nuclear fusion occur in.
  • Atom bomb
  • Hydrogen bomb
  • Neutron bomb
  • None of these
Which of the following reaction must be initiated by the neutron?
  • nuclear fission
  • nuclear fusion
  • radioactive carbon dating
  • radioactive tracer
  • radiation therapy
In the nuclear reaction pictured below, what is the missing nuclide?
$$_{1}^{2}H + 7^{14}N \rightarrow _{2}^{3}He +?$$
  • $$_{7}^{13}N$$
  • $$_{6}^{13}C$$
  • $$_{7}^{14}N$$
  • $$_{6}^{11}C$$
  • $$_{6}^{12}C$$
Q value for neutron decay is:
  • $$0.782\ MeV$$
  • $$0.782\ eV$$
  • $$78.2\ MeV$$
  • $$0$$
A nuclear reaction with positive Q value is:
  • endothermic
  • exothermic
  • either endothermic or exothermic
  • neither endothermic nor exothermic
The average binding energy of the nucleon is
  • $$931$$ MeV
  • $$8.5$$ MeV
  • $$1.6$$
  • $$3$$
In beta decay, the typical Q value is approximately:
  • $$2\ MeV$$
  • $$1\ MeV$$
  • $$1\ eV$$
  • $$10\ MeV$$
The difference between the mass of a nucleus and the total mass of the constituents is its.
  • packing fraction
  • Mass defect
  • Atomic mass
  • None
When the nucleus of a radioactive element emits an alpha particle, the atomic number is decreased by
  • $$4$$
  • $$2$$
  • $$1$$
  • Zero
Binding energy of a nucleus is of the order of.
  • Electron volt (eV)
  • Kilo electron volt (KeV)
  • Mega electron volt (MeV)
  • A joule (J)
The correct equation of nuclear fusion reaction is
  • $$_{1}H^{1} + \,_{1}H^{1} \rightarrow H_{2}$$
  • $$_{1}H^{2} +\, _{1}H^{1} \rightarrow\, _{2}He^{4} +\, _{0}n^{1}$$
  • $$_{1}H^{2} +\, _{1}H^{2} \rightarrow\, _{2}He^{4} + energy$$
  • $$2H_{2} +\, 3H_{2} \rightarrow 5H_{2}$$
The nuclei having same number of protons but different number of neutrons are called _________.
  • Isobars
  • $$\alpha$$-particles
  • Isotopes
  • $$\gamma$$-particles
When a radioactive substance is kept in a vessel, the atmosphere around it is rich with
  • $$Ne$$
  • $$Ar$$
  • $$Xe$$
  • $$He$$
If $$M_O$$ is the mass of an oxygen isotope $$_8O^{17}$$, $$M_p$$ and $$M_n$$ are the masses of a proton and a neutron, respectively, the nuclear binding energy of the isotope is
  • $$M_O c^2$$
  • $$(M_O - 17 M_n)c^2$$
  • $$(M_O - 8M_p)c^2$$
  • $$(8M_p + 9M_n - M_O)c^2$$
Which row describes the nature of $$\alpha$$- particles and of $$\gamma$$- rays
  • $$\alpha$$- particles : helium nuclei ; $$\gamma$$ rays - electromagnetic radiation
  • $$\alpha$$- particles : helium nuclei ; $$\gamma$$ rays - electrons
  • $$\alpha$$- particles : protons; $$\gamma$$ rays - electromagnetic radiation
  • $$\alpha$$- particles : protons; $$\gamma$$ rays - electrons
$$N$$ atoms of a radioactive element emit $$n$$ number $$\alpha $$- particle per second. Mean life of the elements 
in second is :
  • $$\dfrac{n}{N}$$
  • $$\dfrac{N}{n}$$
  • 0693$$\dfrac{N}{n}$$
  • 0.693$$\dfrac{n}{N}$$
A nucleus of element X is represented as $$_{ 26 }^{ 56 }{ X }$$
Which is an isotope of element X?
  • $$_{ 56 }^{ 26 }{ X }$$
  • $$_{ 26 }^{ 54 }{ X }$$
  • $$_{ 24 }^{ 56 }{ X }$$
  • $$_{ 28 }^{ 54 }{ X }$$
The binding energy per nucleon of iron atom is approximately.
  • 13.6 eV
  • 8.8 MeV
  • infinity
  • 10 MeV
Which source of energy is used in a nuclear power station to generate electrical energy?
  • Different types of atom regrouping
  • Heavy nuclei splitting
  • Radioactive isotopes decaying
  • Radioactive atoms emitting $$\beta$$-particles
The neutron was discovered by 
  • Marie Curie
  • Pierree Curie
  • James Chadwick
  • Rutherford
The energy required to remove one neutron from $$_{13}Al^{27}$$ is
(given mass of $$_{13}Al^{27}=$$26.981541 amu, mass of $$_{13}Al^{26}=$$25.984895 amu, mass of  neutron $$=$$ 1.008665 amu)
  • 6.525MeV
  • 11.195MeV
  • 4.232MeV
  • 8.464MeV
A proton and a neutron combine to give a deuterium nucleus.If $$m_{o}$$ and  $$m_{p}$$ be the mass of neutron and proton respectively, then mass of deuterium nucleus is
  • equal to $$m_{o}$$+$$m_{p}$$
  • more than $$m_{o}$$+$$m_{p}$$
  • less than $$m_{o}$$+$$m_{p}$$
  • can be less than or more than $$m_{o}$$+$$m_{p}$$
In a nuclear reaction some mass converts into energy. In this reaction total B.E of reactants when compared with that of products is:
  • always greater
  • always less
  • either greater or less
  • always equal
$$M, M$$$$_{n}$$ and $$M$$$$_{p}$$ denotes the masses of a nucleus of $$_{Z}X^{A}$$, a neutron, and a proton respectively. If the nucleus is separated into its individual protons and neutrons then,
  • $$M=(A-Z)M_{n}+ZM_{p}$$
  • $$ M=ZM_{n}+(A-Z)M_{p}$$
  • $$M>(A-Z)M_{n}+ZM_{p}$$
  • $$ M<(A-Z)M_{n}+ZM_{p}$$
The nucleus finally formed in fusion of the proton in a proton cycle is that of:
  • Helium
  • Deuterium
  • Carbon
  • Hydrogen
The binding energies of the atoms of elements $$P$$ and $$Q$$ are $$E_{p}$$ and $$E_{Q}$$, respectively. Three atoms of element $$Q$$ fuse to form one atom of element $$P$$. In this process, the energy released is $$e$$. The correct relation between $$E_{P}, E_{Q}$$ and $$e$$ will be
  • $$E_{Q}=3E_{P}+e$$
  • $$E_{Q}=3E_{P} -e$$
  • $$E_{P}=3E_{Q} +e$$
  • $$E_{P}=3E_{Q}-e$$
In nuclear reaction $$_{4}Be^{9}+_{2}He^{4} \rightarrow _{6}c^{12}$$+X,  X will be :
  • Proton
  • Neutron
  • $$\beta $$ -particle
  • $$\alpha $$ -particle
Among the following reactions , the impossible one is :
  • $$^2He_4+$$ $$^4Be_9\longrightarrow$$ $$^0n_1+$$ $$^6C_{12}$$
  • $$^2He_4 +$$ $$^7N_{14} \longrightarrow$$ $$^1H_1+$$ $$^8O_{17}$$
  • $$4(^1H_1) \longrightarrow$$ $$^2He_4+$$ $$^2(^{-1}e_0)$$
  • $$^3Li_7+$$ $$^1H_1\longrightarrow$$ $$^4Be_8$$
The particle A is converted to C via following reactions then :
$$A \rightarrow  B +  _{2}He^{4}$$
$$B \rightarrow  C + 2  _{-1}e^{0}$$
  • A and C are isobars
  • A and C are isotopes
  • A and B are isobars
  • A and B are isotopes
On the bombardment of Boron with neutron, an $$\alpha $$ - particle is emitted and product nucleus formed is $$\underline{\hspace{0.5in}}$$
  • $$_{6}C^{12}$$
  • $$_{2}Li^{6}$$
  • $$_{3}Li^{7}$$
  • $$_{4}Be^{9}$$
The missing particle in the reaction :
 $$^{253}_{99}Es+^{4}_{2}He\rightarrow  ^{256}_{101}Md+ \underline{ \hspace{0.5in}}$$
  • deuteron
  • proton
  • neutron
  • $$\beta $$ - particle
Two deuterons combine to form a tritium nucleus and a __ 
  • $$\alpha $$-particle
  • Fast neutron
  • Proton
  • $$\beta $$ -particle
The BE/A (binding energy per atomic mass) for deuteron and an $$\alpha $$ particle are X$$_{1}$$and X$$_{2}$$ respectively. The energy released in the reaction will be :
  • X$$_{2}$$-X$$_{1}$$
  • 2(X$$_{2}$$-X$$_{1}$$)
  • 4(X$$_{2}$$-X$$_{1}$$)
  • 8(X$$_{2}$$-X$$_{1}$$)
The mass defect and binding energy per nucleon of an alpha particle are :
(Mp $$=$$ 1.00734$$u$$, Mn $$=$$ 1.00874$$u$$, M $$=$$ 4.0015$$u$$)
  • $$0.0303u, 28.3 MeV$$
  • $$0.1303 u, 28.3 MeV$$
  • $$0.0303u, 7.07 MeV$$
  • $$0.0306u, 7.14 MeV$$
The overall process of carbon nitrogen fusion cycle results in the fusion of 4 protons to yield helium nucleus and :
  • positron
  • two electrons
  • two positrons
  • an electron
In Carbon-Nitrogen fusion cycle , protons are fused to form a helium nucleus, positrons and release some energy.The number of protons fused and the number of positrons released in this process respectively are
  • 4,4
  • 4,2
  • 2,4
  • 4,6
Energy in the sun is due to 
  • Fossil fuels
  • Radioactivity
  • Fission
  • Fusion
Mass of proton $$= 1.00760 amu$$, mass of neutron $$= 1.00899 amu$$, mass of deuterium nucleus $$=2.0147 amu$$. Then binding energy is :
  • $$0.00189 MeV$$
  • $$1.76 amu$$
  • $$1.76 MeV$$
  • $$10^{15} joules$$
The mass defect for the nucleus of Helium is $$0.0303 \ amu$$. The binding energy per nucleon in $$MeV$$ is
  • 28
  • 7
  • 4
  • 1
The masses of $$\alpha $$ -particle, proton and neutron are $$4.00150$$ amu, $$1.00728$$ amu and $$1.00867$$ amu respectively. Binding Energy per nucleon of $$\alpha$$ -particle is :
  • $$283 J$$
  • $$931.5 MeV$$
  • $$28.3 MeV$$
  • $$7.08 MeV$$
The binding energy of an imaginary iron $$^{56}_{36}Fe$$ is $$\underline{\hspace{0.5in}}$$
(Given atomic mass of Fe is 55.9349 amu and that of hydrogen is 1.00783 amu. Mass of neutron is 1.00876 amu)
  • $$3.49 MeV$$
  • $$4.31MeV$$
  • $$6.49 MeV$$
  • $$931.49 MeV$$
The binding energy  per  nucleon of $$^{40}_{20}Ca$$ is $$\underline{\hspace{0.5in}}$$
($$^{40}_{20}Ca =$$39.962589 amu, $$m_{p} =$$1.007825 amu; $$m_{n}=$$$$1.008665 amu$$ and $$1amu$$ is equivalent to $$931.5 MeV$$)
  • $$6.55 MeV$$
  • $$7.55 MeV$$
  • $$8.55 MeV$$
  • $$9.55 MeV$$
The binding energy per nucleon of $$^{35}_{17}Cl$$ nucleus is 
($$^{35}_{17}Cl =$$34.98000 amu, $$m_{P}=$$1.007825 amu,$$m_{n} =$$1.008665 amu and 1 amu is equivalent to 931MeV)
  • $$4.6 MeV$$
  • $$5.8 MeV$$
  • $$6.5 MeV$$
  • $$8.2 MeV$$
The mass defect in $$_{2}He^{3}$$ is $$\underline{\hspace{0.5in}}$$ , if m$$_{p} =$$1.00727 amu, $$m_{n} =$$1.008665 amu, mass of $$_{2}He^{3} =$$3.01664 amu
  • 0.00657 amu
  • 0.00621 amu
  • 0.0657 amu
  • 0.6877 amu
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