CBSE Questions for Class 12 Medical Physics Nuclei Quiz 7 - MCQExams.com

One atomic mass unit is equal to?

(Given, mass of one carbon-12 atom $$= 1.992 \times 10^{-23}$$)
  • $$1.66\times 10^{-27}g$$
  • $$1.66\times 10^{-24}g$$
  • $$1.66\times 10^{-23}g$$
  • $$1.66\times 10^{-25}g$$
Find out the missing particle for the nuclear reaction as shown below:
$$\displaystyle _{92}^{238}{U} \rightarrow _{90}^{234}{Th} + (?)$$
  • $$\alpha$$
  • $$_{-1}e^0$$
  • neutron
  • photon
  • proton
When two light nuclei fuse to form a relatively heavier nucleus, the specific binding energy of the product nucleus is:
  • lower than that of the reacting nuclei
  • equal to that of the reacting nuclei
  • greater than that of the reacting nuclei
  • equal to exactly half of either of the reacting nuclei
Choose the decay that ejects the heaviest particle?
  • $$\alpha$$- decay
  • $${\beta}^{-}$$ decay
  • $${\beta}^{+}$$ decay
  • Electron capture
  • $$\gamma$$- decay
Radioactive changes and ordinary chemical changes are different, because radioactive changes:
  • are explosive
  • gain energy
  • happens in the nucleus
  • release energy
$$_1^2{H}+_1^3{H}\rightarrow _0^1{n}+$$ X
The product X in the nuclear reaction represented is.
  • $$_1^1{H}$$
  • $$_2^3{He}$$
  • $$_2^4{He}$$
  • $$_3^4{Li}$$
  • $$_3^5{Li}$$
The nuclear fusion reaction between deuterium and tritium takes place
  • at ordinary temperature and pressure
  • at low temperature and low pressure
  • at very high temperature and very high pressure
  • when the temperature is near absolute zero
The mass defect in a nucleus is $$3.5$$ amu. Then the binding energy of the nucleus is.
  • $$3258.5$$ MeV
  • $$325.85$$ MeV
  • $$32.58$$ MeV
  • $$3.258$$ MeV
Which of the following radioactive particle are decayed in the reaction $$^{218}_{85}At \rightarrow ^{214}_{83}Bi$$+  $$^A_Z X$$.
  • alpha
  • $$\beta^-$$
  • $$\beta^+$$
  • electron capture
  • gamma
$$_{ 1 }^{ 2 }{ H }+_{ 1 }^{ 2 }{ H }\quad \rightarrow \quad _{ 2 }^{ 3 }{ He }+X$$
From the above nuclear fusion reaction, Identify the particle $$X$$.
  • Positron
  • Electron
  • Proton
  • Neutron
  • Alpha particle
The two alpha particles are released along with energy, when Li-7 is bombarded with a proton. It was found that the mass of the two alpha particles weighs less that the original product in the reaction. Now the mass that was converted to energy is called as :
  • Einstein conversion
  • mass defect
  • theory of relativity
  • natural transmutation
  • chain reaction
chlorine atom whose nucleus contains $$17$$ protons and $$20$$neutrons. Find out the composition of the nucleus of an isotope of chlorine?
  • $$20$$ protons, $$17$$ neutrons
  • $$19$$ protons, $$18$$ neutrons
  • $$18$$ protons, $$18$$ neutrons
  • $$17$$ protons, $$19$$ neutrons
  • $$16$$ protons, $$20$$ neutrons
Which of the following particles may differ in numbers in neutral isotopes of the same element?
  • protons
  • neutrons
  • electrons
  • alpha particles
  • positrons
Six protons and six neutrons are brought together to form a carbon nucleus, but the mass of the carbon nucleus is less than the sum of the masses of the individual particles due to the mass defect, This deducted mass has been
  • converted into the binding energy of the nucleus.
  • given of in a radioactive decay process.
  • converted into electrons.
  • converted into energy to hold the electrons in orbit
  • emitted as light.
Identify which of the following equations represents alpha decay in a nuclear fission reaction ?
  • $$_{ 1 }^{ 2 }{ H }+_{ 1 }^{ 2 }{ H }\rightarrow \quad _{ 1 }^{ 3 }{ H }+_{ 1 }^{ 1 }{ H }+$$ energy
  • $$_{ 88 }^{ 226 }{ Ra }\rightarrow \quad _{ 86 }^{ 222 }{ Rn }+_{ 2 }^{ 4 }{ He }$$
  • $$_{ 83 }^{ 209 }{ Bi }\rightarrow \quad _{ 84 }^{ 209 }{ Po }+_{ -1 }^{ 0 }{ e }$$
  • $$_{ 92 }^{ 235 }{ U }+_{ 0 }^{ 1 }{ n }\rightarrow \quad _{ 54 }^{ 140 }{ Xe }+_{ 38 }^{ 94 }{ Sr }+_{ 2 }^{ 1 }{ n }$$
  • $$_{ 2 }^{ 4 }{ He }+_{ 13 }^{ 27 }{ Al }\rightarrow \quad _{ 15 }^{ 30 }{ P }+_{ 0 }^{ 1 }{ n }$$
Isotopes of same element exists in nature.How they differ from each other ? 
  • They will have different locations on the periodic table.
  • They will have different numbers of electrons.
  • They will have undergo different chemical reactions.
  • They have different numbers of protons.
  • They have different numbers of neutrons.
Which of the following sometimes requires initiation from a neutron?
  • nuclear fission
  • radiation therapy
  • radioactive tracer
  • radioactive carbon dating
When $$_{92}^{238}U$$ undergoes alpha decay, what is the daughter nucleus?
  • $$_{90}^{236}Th$$
  • $$_{91}^{236}Pa$$
  • $$_{90}^{234}Th$$
  • $$_{94}^{242}Pu$$
  • $$_{94}^{240}Pu$$
On bombardment of neutron with boron, $$\alpha$$-particle is emitted. The product nuclei formed is:
  • $$_{6}C^{12}$$
  • $$_{8}Li^{6}$$
  • $$_{4}Be^{9}$$
  • $$_{3}Li^{7}$$
What is the molar mass of ammonium carbonate $${({NH}_{4})}_{2}{CO}_{3}$$?
  • $$48\ g/mol$$
  • $$96\ g/mol$$
  • $$82\ g/mol$$
  • $$78\ g/mol$$
  • $$192\ g/mol$$
How many grams are there in a $$7.0$$ mole sample of sodium hydroxide?
  • $$40.0g$$
  • $$140.0\ g$$
  • $$280.0\ g$$
  • $$340.0\ g$$
  • $$420.0\ g$$
Calculate the mass defect.
  • $$2.014$$u
  • $$1.0087$$u
  • $$0.01876$$u
  • $$0.0234$$u
Which of the following isotopes is used for treatment of cancer?
  • $$Co^{60}$$
  • $$K^{40}$$
  • $$Sr^{90}$$
  • $$I^{131}$$
Isotopes of an element differ in the.
  • atomic number
  • Number of nucleons
  • Number of neutrons
  • Mass number
The Q value is the ________ energy released in the decay at rest.
  • kinetic
  • potential
  • thermal
  • optical
Which of the following is a nuclear reaction?
  • Two hydrogen atoms combine to form hydrogen molecule
  • Sodium atom gives up an electron to become sodium ion
  • Water splits up into hydrogen and oxygen by electrolysis
  • Isotopes of Hydrogen nuclei combine to form helium nuclei
$$4_1H^1\rightarrow  \ _2He^4+2e^0_{+1}+26$$ MeV represents
  • Fusion
  • Fission
  • $$\beta$$-decay
  • $$\gamma$$decay
The equation $$E=mc^2$$ was theoretical. It received experimental proof from.
  • Nuclear reactions carried out in the laboratory
  • Measurement of molecular mass of a compound formed by chemical comination
  • Measurement of molecular mass of products of decomposition
  • The phenomenon of radioactivity
The difference between a nuclear reactor and an atomic bomb is that
  • no chain reaction takes place in nuclear reactor while in the atomic bomb there is a chain reaction
  • the chain reaction in nuclear reactor is controlled
  • the chain reaction in nuclear reactor is not controlled
  • no-chain reaction takes place in atomic bomb while it takes place in nuclear reactor
A nucleus disintegrates into two nuclear parts which have their velocities in the ratio 2 :The ratio of their nuclear size will be
  • $$2^{1/3} : 1$$
  • $$1 : 3^{1/2}$$
  • $$3^{1/2} : 1$$
  • $$1:2^{1/3}$$
Assume that the nuclear binding energy per nuclear $$(B/A)$$ versus mass number $$(A)$$ as shown in the figure. Use this plot to choose the correct choice (s) given below.
583978_7c43ef36e1e649ee9c95310a0edd74ae.png
  • Fusion of two nuclei with mass number lying in the range of $$51 < A<100$$ will release energy
  • Fission of a nucleus lying in the mass range of $$200 < A < 260$$ will release energy when broken into two equal fragments
  • Both (a) and (b)
  • None of the above
The binding energy/nucleon of deuteron $$(_{1}H^{2})$$ and the helium atom $$(_{2}He^{4})$$ are $$1.1$$ MeV and $$7$$MeV respectively. If the two deuteron atoms fuse to form a single helium atom, then the energy released is.
  • $$26.9$$MeV
  • $$25.8$$MeV
  • $$23.6$$MeV
  • $$12.9$$MeV
An alpha particle ($$^4He$$)has a mass of 4.00300 amu. A proton has mass of 1.00783 amu and a neutron has mass of 1.00867 amu respectively. The binding energy of alpha particle estimated from these data is the closest to
  • 27.9 MeV
  • 22.3 MeV
  • 35.0 MeV
  • 20.4 MeV
When a radioactive isotope $$_{88} Ra^{228}$$  decays in series by the emission of three $$\alpha $$-particles and a $$\beta$$  particle the isotope finally formed is :
  • $$_{84} X^{220}$$
  • $$_{86}X^{222}$$
  • $$_{83}X^{216}$$
  • $$_{83}X^{215}$$
Radiocarbon is produced in the atmosphere as a result of
  • collision between fast neutrons and nitrogen nuclei present in the atmosphere
  • action of ultraviolet light from the sun on atmospheric oxygen
  • action of solar radiations particularly cosmic rays on carbon dioxide present in the atmosphere
  • lightning discharge in atmosphere
Isotopes of an element contain
  • the same number of protons but different number of neutrons
  • the same number of neutrons but different number of protons
  • equal number of protons and electrons
  • equal number of nucleons
The explosion of hydrogen bomb is based on the principle of
  • Uncontrolled fission reaction
  • Nuclear fusion reaction
  • Controlled fission reaction
  • Photoelectric effect
What is the binding energy per nucleon of $$_{6}C^{12}$$ nucleus?
Given : mass of $$C^{12}(m_c)=12.000\ u$$
mass of proton $$9M_p)=1.0078\ u$$
mass of neutron $$(m_n)=1.0087\ u$$ and
$$1\ amu=931.4\ MeV$$
  • $$5.26\ MeV$$
  • $$10.11\ MeV$$
  • $$15.65\ MeV$$
  • $$7.68\ MeV$$
Consider the following statements.
(i) All isotopes of an element have the same number of neutrons.
(ii) Only one isotope of an element can be stable and non-radioactive.
(iii) All elements have isotopes.
(iv) All isotopes of Carbon can form chemical compounds with Oxygen-$$16$$.
The correct option regarding an isotope is$$?$$
  • (iii) and (iv) only
  • (ii), (iii) and (iv) only
  • (i), (ii) and (iii) only
  • (i), (iii) and (iv) only
A nucleus $$X$$ initially at rest, undergoes alpha decay according to the equation
                 $${92}^{{X}^{A}} \rightarrow {Z}^{{Y}^{228}} + \alpha$$
Then, the values of $$A$$ and $$Z$$ are
  • $$94,230$$
  • $$232,90$$
  • $$190,32$$
  • $$230,94$$
The masses of neutron and proton are 1.0087 and 1.0073 amu respectively. If the neutrons and protons combine to form helium nucleus of mass 4.0015 amu the binding energy of the helium nucleus will be 
  • 28.4 MeV
  • 20.8 MeV
  • 27.3 MeV
  • 14.2 MeV
An atom of $$_{53}^{131}I$$ and an atom of $$_{53}^{127}I$$ contain the same number of:
  • Quarks
  • Neutrons
  • Nucleons
  • Protons
The binding energy per nucleon of $$_5B^{10}$$ is $$8.0$$MeV and that of $$_5B^{11}$$ is $$7.5$$MeV. The Energy required to remove a neutron from $$_5B^{11}$$ is (mass of electron and proton are $$9.11\times 10^{-31}$$kg and $$1.67\times 10^{-27}$$kg).
  • $$2.5$$MeV
  • $$8.0$$MeV
  • $$0.5$$MeV
  • $$7.5$$MeV
The mass defect of $$_{ 2 }^{ 4 }{ He }$$ is $$0.03 u$$. The binding energy per nucleon of helium (in $$MeV$$) is
  • $$69.825$$
  • $$6.9825$$
  • $$2.793$$
  • $$27.93$$
Atomic weight of boron is $$10.81$$ and it has two isotopes $$_{5}B^{10}$$ and $$_{5}B^{11}$$. Then ratio of $$_{5}B^{10} : \,_{5}B^{11}$$ in nature would be
  • $$19 : 81$$
  • $$10 : 11$$
  • $$15 : 16$$
  • $$81 : 19$$
Nuclear reactor in which $$U - 235$$ is used as fuel. Uses $$2\ kg$$ of $$U-235$$ in $$30$$ days. Then, power output of the reactor will be (given energy released per fission $$= 185\ MeV$$).
  • $$43.5\ MW$$
  • $$58.5\ MW$$
  • $$69..6\ MW$$
  • $$73.1\ MW$$
The equation, $$ 4_1H^1 \rightarrow [ _2He^4]^{2+} + 2e^- ; + 26 MeV $$ represents :
  • $$ \gamma - $$ decay
  • $$ \beta - $$ decay
  • Fisslon
  • Fusion
A nucleus X initially at rest, undergoes alpha decay according to the equation.
$$_{92}X^A\rightarrow _{Z}Y^{228}+\alpha$$.
Then, the value of A and Z are.
  • $$94,230$$
  • $$232,90$$
  • $$190,32$$
  • $$230,94$$
Nucleus of mass number $$A$$, originally at rest, emits the $$\alpha$$ particle with speed $$v$$. The daughter nucleus recoils with a speed of :
  • $$2v(A+4)$$
  • $$4v(A+4)$$
  • $$4v/(A-4)$$
  • $$2v/(A-4)$$
The binding energy per nucleon of deuteron $$(_{1}H^{2})$$ and helium $$(_{2}He^{4})$$ are $$1.1\ MeV$$ and $$7.0\ MeV$$, respectively. The energy released when two deuterons fuse to form a helium nucleus is
  • $$36.2\ MeV$$
  • $$23.6\ MeV$$
  • $$47.2\ MeV$$
  • $$11.8\ MeV$$
  • $$9.31\ MeV$$
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