Sun rises earlier in Arunachal Pradesh than Gujarat. Arunachal Pradesh lies on the easternmost tip of the country and Gujarat lies on the westernmost tip and both the states are separated by a distance of over 3300 kilometres. Longitudinal difference between the two points is 30 degrees and time taken by sun to cross each longitude is 4 minutes. Therefore, by the time sun reaches Gujarat it takes 2 hours (30*4=120).

The frigid zone is the coldest heat zone on the earth. It found one each in the two hemispheres. The Frigid zone in the northern hemisphere lies between Arctic Circle and the North pole and in the southern hemisphere between Antarctic Circle and South pole.

The Frigid Zone lies near the Poles. The climate in the Polar Regions is very cold that is why the area is known as the Frigid Zone.

•  Each degree of latitude is approximately 69 miles (111 kilometers) apart.
  
•  The range varies (due to the earth's slightly ellipsoid shape) from 68.703 miles (110.567 km) at the equator to 69.407 (111.699 km) at the poles.
  
•  This is convenient because each minute (1/60th of a degree) is approximately one [nautical] mile.
  
• As you approach the poles, the distance represented by one degree of latitude stays, more the less, the same at 111 kilometers.
  

The line of reference running from the North Pole to the South Pole is called the meridians of longitude. Distance between longitudes are wider at the equator but, it constricts to a point at the poles. 

Zero degrees latitude is the line designating the Equator and divides the Earth into two equal hemispheres (north and south). Zero degrees longitude is an imaginary line known as the Prime Meridian. Therefore, we are looking for what exists at the location where the Equator and the Prime Meridian cross each other.

Tropic of Capricon passes through the following countries only. Tropic of Capricorn does not pass through India. Three imaginary lines running across the surface of the Earth are the Equator, the Tropic of Cancer & the Tropic of Capricorn. The Tropic of Cancer is located at 23.5° North of the equator.

While rotating a part of earth facing the sun has a day and other part night. Circle of illumination is the imaginary line which shows clear demarcation between the phenomenon of day and night on the earth. 

A major latitude dividing Indian mainland into two equal halves is Tropic of Cancer

82°30' E longitude is known as Indian Standard Meridian. This longitude divides India into almost two equal parts.

The tropic of cancer passes through the middle of our country dividing it into two latitudinal halves being about 15 degrees from either end. But the northern portion is very broad and the area to the north of Tropic of Cancer is nearly twice the area lies south of it. In India, it passes through 8 states, namely, Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Tripura, and Mizoram. 

82°30'E which is the Standard Meridian of India passes through Mirzapur (Uttar Pradesh). The time of this meridian is taken as the standard time for the whole country.

The time lag from Gujarat to Arunachal Pradesh is of 2 hrs. Longitudes 68°7'E(Gujarat) and 97°25'E(Arunachal Pradesh) have approximately 2-hour distance. 

•  Tropic of Cancer passes through the almost half of the country implies that India receives a tropical and sub tropical type of climate.
  
• This has its implications for the climate of India as well as influences the duration of day and night. 
  
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• Places on either side of the Tropic of Cancer experience tropical climate.
  
•  The tropical monsoon type of climate that India experiences is extreme on account of the Tropic of Cancer. 
  
• Places further south of Indian Union away from the Tropic of Cancer have more equable climate being closer to equator. Places further north of the Tropic of Cancer have subtropical climate. 
  
• The sun shines directly on the Tropic of Cancer on 21st June or Summer Solstice. Countries in the Northern Hemisphere including India experience summer during this part of the year. 
  

The Tropic of Cancer is an important parallel of latitude in the Northern Hemisphere. It is at an angular distance of 23^1/2°from the equator. This latitude passes through West Bengal, Jharkhand, Chattisgarh, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Mizoram, Tripura.

The Earth takes 24 hours to complete the one rotation that means it takes 24 hours to complete 360°. 

There is a time lag of two hours from Gujarat to Arunachal Pradesh because of the longitudinal extent of India. Gujarat is situated in the extreme west of India Arunachal Pradesh is situated in the extreme east of India. The Sun rises two hours earlier in Arunachal Pradesh than Gujarat.

The tropic of cancer does not pass through Orissa.

• The equator is located at 0 degrees latitude.
  
• Because the Earth is widest at the equator, it is the longest line of latitude at 24,901.55 miles.
  
• Lines of latitude are imaginary lines that measure degrees north and south of the equator.

The climate zones of the earth arise due to the temperature difference. The classification of heat zones of the earth was first done by Greek Scholar Aristotle. The different heat zones of the earth are - Torrid Zone, Frigid Zone and Temperate zone. All these zones have a different temperature range. Torrid Zone is the hottest zone among the zones of the earth.

India Tropic of Cancer passes through 8 States. ( Rajasthan, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Tripura, and Mizoram.)

• The difference in 1 degree longitude corresponds to 4 minutes of time difference.
• In the given question the time difference between the 2 places is 2 hours and 20 min ie equal to 140 minutes.
• Longitudinal difference between the two places will be equal to 140/4 = 35 degrees longitudes.

• 23 and half degrees from the pole refers to the 66 and half degree from the equator ir the Arctic circle, hence option A is correct.

• Roaring forties are the strong westerly winds blowing between 40 degrees south and 50 degrees south latitudes, hence option A is correct.
• North Atlantic is in the northern hemisphere. Also, westerlies are winds and not the ocean currents. Hence options B and C are incorrect.

At the equator, a degree of longitude is the same as a degree of latitude, about 69 miles (111 km). But it decreases as you move closer to the north or south pole.