CBSE Questions for Class 7 History New Kings And Kingdoms Quiz 2 - MCQExams.com

The Cholas were originally the chieftains who were subordinate to the Pallava kings. Vijayalaya , who was one of the leader of Pallava dynasty declared independence in 846 AD. He established his rule over east coast with Thanjavur(Tanjore) as his capital.

Al-Biruni was born in 973 CE, in Khwarizm in present-day Uzbekistan. In 1017 CE, when Sultan Mahmud invaded Khwarizm, he took several scholars and poets back to his capital, Ghazni. Al-Biruni was one of them. Al-Biruni had accompanied with Muhammad of Ghazni to India.

The Chola dynasty was one of the longest-ruling dynasties in the history of southern India. The Chola kingdom existed in the heartland of the fertile valley of the Cauvery river.

Chola chronicles mention various types of lands; some of them were-

• Vellanvagai - landholding of non-Brahman peasants.
• Brahmadeya- land donated to brahmans.
• Shalabhoga - land for the maintenance of a school.
• Pallichchhandam- land donations to Jaina institutions.

Rajendra Chola I was one of the most successful monarchs of the South Indian Chola Empire. To commemorate his victory over Mahipala, he built a new capital called Gangaikonda Cholapuram. Rajendra invaded Ceylon in 1017 CE and annexed the entire island.

Brahmanas often received land grants or brahmadeya. The brahmanas had exclusive rights on these lands. Each brahmadeya was looked after by an assembly or sabha of prominent Brahmana landholders.

Devdana means a gift(dana) to the gods(dev). Most of the Devdana lands were made tax free. The donated land mainly belonged to the temple which employed peasants to cultivate the lands and take the produced crops after making payment to the peasants.  

One of the known rulers of Afganistan is Sultan Mahmud of Ghazni, who ruled from 997 to1030. Sultan raided the Indian subcontinent almost every year. His main aim was to plunder wealth. His targets were wealthy temples, including that of Somnath, Gujarat. 

At Tanjore, we can see example of Chola architecture. The architecture in Chola Empire flourished and reached its culmination post 850 AD. The most sophisticated buildings in the form of temples were built during this era. The Shiva Temple of Thanjore, the largest and tallest of all Indian temples was built during Chola period.

During the early medieval period, the Rashtrakutas were a party to the tripartite struggle for power. The other two parties were Pratiharas and Palas. The Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty was an imperial power during the Late Classical period on the Indian subcontinent, that ruled much of Northern India from the mid-8th to the 11th century. They ruled first at Ujjain and later at Kannauj. The Pala Empire was an imperial power during the Late Classical period on the Indian subcontinent, which originated in the region of Bengal. It is named after its ruling dynasty Pala.

The inscriptions of the Cholas who ruled in Tamil Nadu refer to more than 400 terms for different kinds of taxes. The most frequently mentioned tax is vetti, taken not in cash but in the form of forced labour, and kadamai, or land revenue. There were also taxes on thatching the house, the use of a ladder to climb palm trees, a cess on succession to family property etc.