Industries - Class 8 Geography - Extra Questions

Write any two causes responsible for the development of Mumbai-Pune industrial region.

1.Raw materials: The nearby lava region forming the hinterland of the Mumbai port produces raw cotton. Mumbai is the collecting center of raw cotton for export and mills use. For that purpose, Mumbai possesses a well-knit transport system by rail and road.

2. Port Facilities: Mumbai port has excellent harbor facilities for importing long staple cotton and machinery to meet the requirements of the mill.


Name the six important industries in the Mumbai-Pune industrial region.

Mumbai-Pune industrial region has cotton textile, chemical, engineering goods, leather, oil refineries, petrochemicals, synthetic and plastic goods, drugs, fertilisers, electricals, electronics, software, shipbuilding, transport, food industries, etc. Industrial centres have developed from Mumbai to Kurla, Colaba, Thane, Ghatkopar, Ville Parle, Jogeshwari, Andheri, Thane, Bhandup, Kalyan, Pimpri, Pune, Nashik, Manmad, Solapur, Ahmednagar, Satara and Sangli.



Give two reasons for the following.
Kolkata is an important cotton manufacturing centre even though West Bengal is not a leading producer of cotton.

Port facilities of Kolkata, proximity to coal, cheap transport, well connected by road and rail.


Name the major industrial regions of India.

There are eight major industrial regions in India.

  • Mumbai-Pune Industrial Region
  • The Hugli Industrial Region
  • Bengaluru-Tamil Nadu Industrial Region
  • Gujarat Industrial Region
  • Chotanagpur Industrial Region
  • Vishakhapatnam-Guntur Industrial Region
  • Gurgaon-Delhi-Meerut Industrial Region
  • Kollam-Thiruvananthapuram Industrial Region



TSL has many advantages for its steel plant at Jamshedpur. Explain.

The first iron and steel plant in India was set up in 1907 at Jamshedpur. At that time, it was a small village named Sakchi; near the confluence of the rivers Subarnarekha and Kharkai in modern day Jharkhand. This plant is called Tata Iron and Steel Company (TISCO).

  • Sakchi was only 32 km away from Kalimati station on the Bengal-Nagpur railway line.
  • It was close to the deposits of iron ore, coal and manganese.
  • It was near Kolkata which provided a large market.
  • Presence of rivers ensured good supply of water for the factory.



Why is the Hooghly region experiencing stagnation and decline in industrial growth?

Kolkata-Hooghly industrial region is experiencing a decline and stagnation due to many reasons. They include:

  • Congestion
  • Traffic jam
  • Paucity of space
  • Insanitation
  • Shortage of drinking water
  • Civic amenities and environmental pollution.
Apart from the above reasons, Hooghly River is causing silting of the port making transportation difficult.



Why is Mumbai-Pune belt the most important region for industries in India?

There are more than 6,000 registered facto­ries in Greater Mumbai. Mumbai-Pune region is very important for industrial development due to the following reasons:

  • Initial stage development of industries here is owed to British rule with the establishment of cotton industry.
  • Existence of natural port helped in exporting finished products.
  • Coastal districts of Ratnagiri provided skilled and unskilled labour.
  • The Thal Ghat and Bhor Ghat provided vital connecting links with the rest of the peninsular hinterland.
  • Though Mumbai and Pune are far, a fast electrical train connects the two places thus bringing Pune under the dominance of Mumbai.



What factors have helped the development and growth of industries in the Ahmedabad-Vadodara industrial region.

Factors that helped the development and growth of industries in the Ahmedabad-Vadodara industrial region include:

  • Industries in Ahmedabad is mainly developed due to establishment of cotton textile industry.
  • Ahmedabad is situated very close to cotton growing area and hence had easy availability of raw material.
  • Climate here is ideal for spinning.
  • Flat terrain and easy availability of land enabled to establish mills.
  • Densely populated areas of Gujarat provided skilled labour and semi-skilled labour.
  • Well-developed roads and railways for easy transportation of finished goods.
  • Presence of port nearby also enabled industrial development in this region.



What is the role of the Steel Authority of India Ltd.?

Steel Authority of India Limited (SAIL) is one of the largest state-owned steel making company of India and one of the top steel makers in world. It is a public sector undertaking. SAIL operates and owns five integrated steel plants at Bhilai, Rourkela, Durgapur, Bokaro and Burnpur and 3 special steel plants at Salem, Durgapur and Bhadravathi. It also owns a Ferro Alloy plant at Chandrapur. As part of its global ambition, the company is undergoing a massive expansion and modernisation programme involving upgrading and building new facilities with emphasis on state of the art green technology.



In which State is Rourkela iron and steel plant located?

Rourkela iron and steel plant is in Odisha.


Name one integrated iron and steel plant in the private sector. Where does it obtain its iron and coal from?

The integrated steel plant in private sector is Tata Iron and Steel Company (TISCO). It obtains its iron from Singhbhum in Jharkhand and Mayurbhanj in Odisha and coal from Jharia in Jharkhand.


Explain three reasons as to why there is a large concentration of iron and steel plants in the Chhota Nagpur region.

Three reasons for large concentration of iron and steel plant in Chhota Nagpur Region are:
i. The Chota Nagpur region has rich reserves of minerals like coal, iron ore, etc.
ii. Availability of cheap labour from the surrounding areas of West Bengal, Jharkhand, and West Bengal. 
iii. The region is well connected by rail and road transport.


Name the iron and steel plant set up with German collaboration.

The Rourkela steel plant was built with technical cooperation from the German firm, Krupps and Demag in 1959.


(i) Name the private sector iron and steel plant of India.
(ii) From where does it get its supply of:
Iron ore
Manganese
Coal?

  • TATA Steel, Jamshedpur is the private steel plant in India.
  • Iron Ore comes from Noamundi mines.
  • Manganese come from Odisha.
  • Coal comes from Keonjhar mines.


Name the following:
(i) A city most famous for electronics and hence called "The Electronics Capital of India"
(ii) The location of an iron and steel industry set up with German collaboration.
(iii) A by-product of sugar industry which is used in the manufacture of wax and shoe polish.

  • The Electronics Capital of India- Bangalore - Due to the heavy presence of ICT and BPO companies.
  • Iron and steel industry set up with German collaboration - Rourkela Steel Plant, Odisha.
  • A by-product of sugar industry which is used in the manufacture of wax and shoe polish - SUGARCANE WAX.


i. Name an Iron and Steel Industry set up in Odisha with the help of a famous German firm.
ii. From where does the industry named in gets its iron ore and manganese?

i. The Rourkela steel plant was set up in Odisha with the collaboration of West Germany. The plant started its production in 1959.
ii. This Rourkela iron and steel plant gets its iron ore from Sundargarh and Keonjhar districts of Odisha and Manganese from the Barajmda district of Jharkhand.


Class 8 Geography Extra Questions