People As Resource - Class 9 Economics - Extra Questions

No resource can be utilised without the intervention of people. It is the people who add value to a resource. Hence, people are considered as a resource.

 People can make the best use of nature to create more resources when they have the knowledge, skill and the technology to do so. That is why human beings are a special resource.

(i) Unemployment leads to wastage of manpower resource. People who are an asset for the economy turn into a liability. There is a feeling of hopelessness and despair among the youth. People do not have enough money to support their family. Inability of educated people who are willing to work to find gainful employment implies a great social waste.

Increase in unemployment indicates a depressed economy. If people cannot be used as resource they naturally appear as a liability to the economy.

Human resource is different from other resources in many senses. Human resources need education, training and healthcare to develop. On the other hand, land and physical capital need money and physical inputs to develop. Land and physical capital are useless without human resources.

Unemployment has a negative effect on the economic development of a country because:
(i) It is a wastage of human resource. It is an indicator of an underdeveloped economy.
(ii) It increases the number of dependent population and economic overload.
(iii) People cannot support their families or give proper nutrition, education and healthcare to the family. They cannot contribute anything to the national income of the country and per capita income becomes less. The period lost in unemployment creates and adverse effect on the personality of a person.

When people do not have any work and they are actively searching for the work then they are said as unemployed.

1:There is a steady increase in the percentage of the population in cities and towns.
2:The migration can add to labor scarcities on the land, to the high costs of providing urban services, and to a change in demand from domestic to imported goods that cost foreign exchange.

Eleventh five year plan$$(2007-2012)$$:
The eleventh five year plan commented in April $$2007$$. It covers a period of five years i.e. $$2007-2012$$. Objectives of Eleventh five year plan.
$$1$$. Increasing the public investment in irrigation, rural electrification and rural roads.
$$2$$. To reduce the subsidies in power, fertilizer.
$$3$$. Promoting agricultural research.
$$4$$. To ensure environmental protection.
$$5$$. Larger employment opportunities.
$$6$$. To develop rural infrastructure.
$$7$$. To abolish poverty.
$$8$$. To reduce the dropout rate in primary schools.

Unemployment deprives a man of all sources of income.and as a result, he grows poor.Unemployment breeds many social problems comprising of dishonesty, gambling, bribery, theft etc. 

The greatest and the most precious asset of a country is its people as it is they who exploit all natural resources and potentials of a region. As opined by Adam Smith the prosperity of a country is determined by the skill, efficiency and attitude of the labour used by that country. Many countries have been able to develop themselves due to their will, capacity and skill of their human resources. As, for example, the countries like Japan, Singapore, Germany and Hong Kong have been able to achieve an economic miracle by mobilising their human resource. Human resource helps directly to remove the economic backwardness and it increases labour efficiently and specialisation. The utilisation of human resources compensates the deficiency of natural resources have been able to achieve high economic and human development on the basis of human resources. There is a close relationship between human resources and economic development.

The common definition of health is the ability of a person to remain free of illness and injuries. But health is not only about disease. It is something more than that. Apart from disease, we need to think of other factors such as  safe drinking water, clean surroundings etc., because they affect our health in various ways. If people fail to get these basic amenities of life, they will fall ill. Being active and in good spirits are also essential part of health. We also need to be without mental stress, because we cannot be healthy for a long time if we are under mental strain.

The minimum calorie intake in rural areas is 2,400 calories and in urban areas, it is 2,100 calories. As rural people perform more physical labor work than urban areas hence it is 2400 in the case of rural areas and 2100 in the case of urban areas.

Involuntary unemployment refers to unemployment in which all those people, who are willing and able to work at the existing wage rate, do not get work. When there is involuntary unemployment in the economy, there is a shortage in Aggregate Demand from the level required to maintain a full-employment equilibrium. This shortfall is termed a deflationary gap. The deflationary gap causes a reduction in wages and prices in the economy.

Voluntary employment refers to a situation when a person is unemployed because he is not willing to work at the existing wage rate. This type of unemployment is not considered while counting the rate of unemployment because people are unemployed by their own wish.

Unemployment is serious problem that our government faces. Our leaders are trying then utmost best to solve it wisely. If it is not solved sooner, a social revolution may take plea to have its solution The main cause of unemployment is the repaid growth of populations. Since independence the populations of India has increased by threes times its total When people multiply. there raises the problems of unemployment and it becomes difficult for government to provide employment to a sufficient number of people. As a matter of principle it becomes the duty of government to provide employment to all as far as possible and we are blessed that our government is taking keen interest to solve this series problem of today As the growth of populations is going unchecked, fobs and services in a given field commonly remains insufficient.

Government budget predicts the future government expenditure on various factors of the economy like infrastructure, health, education etc which can be planned in such a way that it will provide adequate jobs to all the people unemployed which will bring stability in the distribution of income in the economy. 

a. Unemployment means a situation when all able and willing persons of a country do not get suitable opportunities to work. Unemployment negatively impacts the economy of the country. This is because unemployment creates a feeling of hopelessness and depression among unemployed people.
b. Seasonal unemployment occurs when people are unemployed at particular times of the year when the demand for labor is lower than usual. In INDIA. It is unemployment that occurs during certain seasons of the year.
c. Self employment is there in agriculture sector in rural areas.
d. Unemployment negatively impacts the economy of the country. This is because unemployment creates a feel of hopelessness and depression among the unemployed people. Unemployment results in the wastage of human resource as people are not involved in any kind of productive activities. This makes them a liability for the nation.

1:Quality of population determines how capable the human resource of a country is ensure at productivity,standard of living and social activities. the factors that check quality of population can be education,health,sanitation,etc.