Explanation
Aluminium is obtained by electro lying Al2O3 dissolved in Na3AlF6.
Here Aluminium Oxide (Al2O3) is an ionic compound when it is melted, the Al3+ and O2- ions are free to move and conduct electricity.
Electrolysis of the aluminal cryolite solution gives aluminium at the cathode and oxygen at the anode.
4Al3+ + 12e- →4Al [Aluminium metal at the (-) cathode, reduction.]
6O2- - 12e- → 3O2 [Oxygen gas at the(+) anode, oxidation]
∴ The overall reaction is
Al2O3 → 4Al + 3O2(g)
B(OH)3 + NaOH ⇌ NaBO2 + Na[B(OH)4] + H2O. The given reaction is a reversible reaction. If some quantity of C is -1, 2-diol is added to the reaction mixture, reaction moves in forward direction.
Aluminothermic reactions are exothermic chemical reactions using aluminium as the reducing agent at high temperature. The process is industrially useful for production of alloys of iron. The most prominent example is the thermite reaction between aluminium and iron oxide in the ratio 3:1.
Fe2 O3 + 2Al → 2Fe + Al2 O3 (molten iron)
Tin and iron are extracted by carbon based reduction method , where as aluminium and magnesium are extracted by electrolytic method .
When carbon dioxide in the air dissolves in water in the atmosphere the process is called carbonation. When this carbonic acid (H2CO3) gets into soil, this contribute to increase in acidity in soil. There by pH of the soil decreases and also fertility of the soil also decreases.
The given type of silicate is cyclosilicate or ring silicates , have linked tetrahedra with (TX O3X)2x- or ratio of 1:3 . There exists as 3 – member (T3O9)6- and 6-member (T6O18)12- rings , where T stands for a tetrahedrally coordinated cation.
The hydrolysis of RSiCl3 produces a very complex cross-linked polymer.
The hydrolysis of R2SiCl2 produces a straight-chain polymer.
The compound R3SiCl is used to block the polymerization as it does not create the active OH group at the end of the chain.
The sytability of +2 oxidation state of elements of group 14 increases on descending the group due to inert pair effect. Hence the correct order is,
SiX2<GeX2<SnX2<PbX2.
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