Explanation
Diazo (N2Cl) group is replaced by H using H3PO2 ; by Cl using Sandmeyer reaction ; by OH using boiling H2O and by aryl group using Gomberg reaction. Therefore, option (2) is correct.
In non – aqueous solvents, i.e., benzene, chlorobenzene etc. the base strength increases as the magnitude of + I – effect increases i.e.,(CH3)3N > (CH3)2NH > CH3NH2.
Amongst nitrobenzene, aniline ,aniline hydrochloride and N – acetylaniline only aniline has electron – donating –NH2 group. As a result, electron- density on the benzene ring increases and hence it becomes reactive towards electrophilic substitution reactions.
All aliphatic amines are stronger bases than NH3 and among different ethylamines order of basicity is 2o > 3o >1o. Thus the correct order is (d) i.e., (C2H5)2NH > (C2H5)3N > C2H5NH2. NH3.
Both p – nitroaniline and m-nitroaniline are much weaker bases than aniline due to electron withdrawing inductive and resonance effects of the NO2 group. Benzylamine, is however, a stronger base than aniline because in benzylamine the lone pair of electrons on the N – atom are not delocalized over the benzene ring while in aniline they are.
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