Explanation
Na2S+Na2[Fe(CN)5NO] → Na4[Fe(CN)5NOS] Sodium Nitroprusside Sodium thio Nitro prusside solution
Reactivity order is S > P > R > Q
In case of S→10 alkyl halide but (C–Cl) bond energy is decreased by electron withdrawing (C6H5CO) group a case of (-I effect). Thus maximum rate in SN2 reaction
Q →20 alkyl halide rate is minimum
P →10 alkyl halide
R→10 alkyl halide but allylic 10 carbocation is resonance stabilised in SN1 reaction.
CH3CH = CHCH3 is a symmetrical alkene markowinoff’s rule does not apply on symmetrical alkene.
Dehydrohalogenation follow E2 mechanism 30 > 20 > 10 teritary alkyl halide can give more substituted alkene, it reacts fastest.
– CH3 is ring activating group
– NO2 is ring deactivating group
Therefore order is II > I >III
Order of reaction towards electrophile is I > II > III Activating groups like –OCH3, –OH activates the benzene ring towards electrophilic substitution while deactivating groups like –NO2, –COOH deactivates the benzene ring
Nitration of aromatic compounds takes place by an electrophile.The electrophile will be more attracted towards electron rich positions in benzene ring. Hence electron donating group will be easily nitrated.Toulene will be most easily nitrated due to presence of CH3. Nitrobenzene will be most slowly nitrated due to presence of NO2.
Of acid is weak then its conjugate base is strong and viceversa. So, acidic nature IV > I > III > II and nucleophilicity II > III > I > IV
We know that weaker the base then better will be the laeving group so, correct order of reactivity is RI > RBr > RCl > RF so, I– is the best leaving group.
As the electronegativity of the atom decreases, its nucleophilicityincreases. Thus, option (c) is correct.
Substitution reaction
The least stable carbanion is the strongest nucleophile.Since the stabilityof the carbanions follows the order:
Carbocation (a) is antiaromatic and hence is least stable. Carbocation (b),(c) and (d) are all secondary but (b) and (c) are aromatic. Further since (c)is more strained than (b), therefore, (b) is the most stable carbocation.
Non-superimposable on its mirror image.
Staggered – anti
abd C-C abd has three stereoisomeric forms, i.e d-form, l-form and meso- form but (only two of these, i.e., d-and l-forms are optically active.
In compound (d), the two identical atoms (H,H) or groups (OH,OH) lie on the same side of the Fischer projection formula and hence it represents the erythro isomer.
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