Explanation
Conversion of colloidal sol into precipitate is known as coagulation. In peptization, a fresh precipitate is converted into sol by adding electrolyte.
Charge on Ion ∝ coagulating power Fe(OH)3 is a positively charged sol and is coagulated by Anions.
BaSO4 does not form true solution as it is insoluble in water.
Urea is non electrolyte. So, can’t be removed by electrolysis. Electrolysis removes electrolytic Impurities.
Smoke is an aerosol (Solid carbon particles dispersed in air).
SDS (Sodium dodecyl Sulphate)
CMC = At a certain concentration surfactant molecules start to aggregate and form micelles. That concentration is known as Critical Micelle Concentration.
Bleeding due to cut can be stopped by applying FeCl3 or Alum solution. Coagulation of negatively charged particles (blood) by Fe2+ ions.
Process in which freely prepared precipitate disintegrate into colloidal solution is known as peptization.
Colloidal particles adsorb and scatter light when a beam of light is passed through it. This is known as TYNDALL EFFECT.
Hydrophobic sol once precipitated do not form the colloidal sol of simple addition of water.
Gold number = 0.25 × 1000 = 250
Colloidal solution of Gold—
dispersed phase – solid
dispersion medium – liquid.
Tyndall effect is shown by colloidal solution due to scattering of light by their particles.
Lyophilic sols are reversible and highly hydrated in solution . So, are self stabilising.
In Coagulation, charges are neutralised .
As2S3 is a negative sol and needs a cation to coagulate it.Aluminium nitrate gives the most valent ion (Al+3) . So, most efficient to coagulate it.
In physisorption, van der waal’s forces are present. In chemisorption, high temperature is favourable.
Graph I represents physisorption, increasing the temperature increases kinetic energy of adsorbed particles.
Graph III represents pysisorption extent of adsorption increases with temperature.
Graph IV chemisorption represent potential energy diagram for formation of a covalent bond.
Lyophobic sol, gets stabilised by preferential adsorption on the their surface.
A catalyst increases the rate of reaction by decreasing the activation energy.
In reversible reaction, catalyst decreases activation energy of forward and backward reactions equally.
Coagulation is the phenomenon of precipitation of a colloidal solution by the addition of excess of an electrolyte.
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