Explanation
Steel has carbon content of 0.25 – 2% which in between cast iron ans wrought iron.
The tranistion metals have there valence electrons in (n-1)d and ns orbitals .Since, there is very little energy difference between these orbitals , both energy levels can be used for the bond formation . Thus transition elements exhibit variable oxidation states.
Metallic or Interstitial hydrides are formed by many d-block and f-block elements when heated with hydrogen under pressure. The hydrides tend to be non-stoichiometric and they may be of variable composition. There is a hydride gap where elements do not form hydrides.
Hence the metals of 7th , 8th and 9th groups in the periodic table do not form hydrides and this region of periodic table is referred to as the hydride gap.
Coloured compounds of transition elements is associated with partially filled (n - 1)d orbitals. The transition undergoes electronic unpaired d – electrons undergoes electronic transition from one – d – orbitial to another. During this d – d transition process the electrons absorb certain process the electrons absorb certain energy from the radiation and emit the remainder of energy as colored light. The color of ion is complementary of color absorbedby it. Hence colored ion is formed due to d – d transition which falls in visible region for all transition elements.
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