Explanation
Below 983K, standard change in free energy for the formation of Fe2O3 is more than that of formation of CO2 from CO. Therefore CO is better reducing agent for Fe2O3 below 983K. Fe2O3 + 3CO → 2Fe + 3CO2 Above 983K, standard change in free energy value for the formation of Fe2O3 is more than that of CO formation from carbon (coke). At this temperature carbon has a higher affinity towards oxygen than iron. Hence above 983K, carbon (coke) is better reducing agent for Fe2O3. Fe2O3 + 3C → 2Fe + 3CO
ΔH = ΔE + PΔV
In reaction (i) , heat is evolved while in reaction (ii) ,heat is absorbed.
In any exothermic reaction, energy stored in reactants is greater thanthat stored in the products.
Heat of combustion is the heat evolved when one mole of the substanceis completely burnt.
Heat of formation is the heat evolved or absorbed when one mole of thesubstance is formed from its elements.
∆H = ∆E + ∆ng RT
(i) + (ii) + 2 ×(iii) gives the required result.
Bond energy is the energy required for dissociation of 1 mole of bonds.
The given reaction absorbs heat and is accompanied by increase of randomness.
ΔHf (ice) = 6 kJ, ΔHvap (water) = 40.6 kJ.
According to 1st law, ΔE = q + w.
By definition of 3rd law of thermodynamics
As ΔG = - ive, forward reaction is spontaneous
Please disable the adBlock and continue. Thank you.