Explanation
According to the definition.
Based on peltier effect.
According to the seebeck effect.
As a rule, more the metals are separated from each other in the thermoelectric series, the greater will be the thermo emf.
The graph between thermo emf and temperature of hot junction is parabolic in shape.
In the normal condition current flows from X to Y through cold junction. After increasing the temperature of hot junction beyond temperature of inversion the current is reversed i.e., X to Y through hoi. junction or Y to X through cold junction.
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