Explanation
Inside the hollow charged spherical conductor electric field is zero.
Cathode rays (stream of negatively charged particles) deflect in opposite direction of field i.e., towards north.
Since, the proton is moving against the direction of electric field, so work is done by the proton against electric field. It implies that electric field does negative work on the proton. Again, proton is moving in electric field from low potential region to high potential region hence, its potential energy increases.
Electron is moving in opposite direction of field so field will produce an accelerating effect on electron.
The negative charge oscillates, the resultant force act s a restoring force and proportional to displacement when it reaches the plane XY, the resultant force is zero and the mass moves down due to inertia. Thus oscillation is set.
It is assumed that charge on earth is 10° C hence by taking away a negative charge from the earth, potential energy will increase.
At a point inside the sphere, the potential is same everywhere and is equal to that of the surface.
The work done in moving a charge on equipotential surface is zero.
In the direction of electric field potential decreases.
A free positive charge move from higher (positive) potential to lower (negative) potential. Hence, it must cross S at some time.
Electric lines arc originating from A (+ve charge) and terminate at B (-ve charge). Also density of lines at A is more than lines at B.
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