People or corporations who control access to information.ex: Area 51 controls personal government information.
  • Gatekeepers
  • Synergy
  • Local Exchange Trading
  • Globalization
The notion that locals should be engaged in deciding what development means for them and how it should be achieved.ex: A community meeting held at a school for more books in the library.
  • Vertical integration
  • Participatory development
  • Globalization
  • Horizontal Integration
Geographical centers of activity and influence. ex: Larger cities have numerous nodes because they tend to be more culturally influential.
  • Vertical integration
  • Networks
  • Synergy
  • Nodes
A barter system whereby a local currency is created through which members trade services or goods in a local network separated from the formal economy.ex: A barber may trade his service for a plumber.
  • Participatory development
  • Local exchange trading
  • Vertical integration
  • Horizontal Integration
Ownership by the same firm of a number of companies that exist at the same point on a commodity chainex: If you register your gifts at a Lord & Taylor, people from all over the country can go to Marshall Field's location because it was acquired by Lord & Taylor's parent company, May Company.
  • Globalization
  • Participatory development
  • Vertical integration
  • Horizontal Integration
Ownership by the same firm of a number of companies that exist along a variety of points in a commodity chainex: Mikes company owns a farm, grocery store, and a produce distribution business.
  • Horizontal Integration
  • Globalization
  • Participatory development
  • Vertical integration
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