To understand how cells function as the fundamental unit of life, you must first become familiar with the individual roles of the cellular structures and organelles.Drag the labels on the left onto the diagram of the animal cell to correctly identify the function performed by each cellular structure.
  • 1) microtubules2) intermediate filaments3) microtubules4) microfilaments5) intermediate filaments6) microfilaments
  • prokaryotic only:-nucleoideukaryotic only:-nucleolous-lysosome-mitochondriaboth:-plasma membrane-ribosomes-flagella
  • To make the proteins easy to see
  • a: synthesizes lipidsb: assembles ribosomesc: defines cell shaped: produces secretory proteinse: modifies and sorts proteinsf: digests proteinsg: generates ATP
Two fundamental types of cells are known to exist in nature: prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells (like the one shown in the Tour of an Animal Cell animation). Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells carry out all of the processes necessary for life, but they differ in some important ways. In this activity, you will identify which cell structures are found only in prokaryotic cells, only in eukaryotic cells, or in both types of cells.Drag each cell structure to the appropriate bin.
  • prokaryotic only:-nucleoideukaryotic only:-nucleolous-lysosome-mitochondriaboth:-plasma membrane-ribosomes-flagella
  • Only one of the two fusion proteins possesses a nuclear localization signal.
  • a: synthesizes lipidsb: assembles ribosomesc: defines cell shaped: produces secretory proteinse: modifies and sorts proteinsf: digests proteinsg: generates ATP
  • plant cell only:-cellulose cell wall-central vacuole-chloroplastanimal cell only:-centrioleboth:-mitochondrion-endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi apparatus-plasma membrane-nucleus-cytoskeleton
Plant cells and animal cells share many of the same structures, but each type of cell also has unique structures. In this activity, you will indicate which cell structures are found only in plant cells, only in animal cells, or in both plant and animal cells.Drag each cell structure to the appropriate bin. If a structure is found in both plant cells and animal cells, drag it to the "both" bin.
  • prokaryotic only:-nucleoideukaryotic only:-nucleolous-lysosome-mitochondriaboth:-plasma membrane-ribosomes-flagella
  • plant cell wall: strong, protective structure made from cellulose fibrilscentral vacuole: regulates cytoplasm composition, creates internal pressure, and stores cell compoundschloroplast: makes sugar by converting light energy into chemical energymitochondrion: produces chemical energy (ATP) that can power the cellGolgi apparatus: modifies and packages proteins
  • plant cell only:-cellulose cell wall-central vacuole-chloroplastanimal cell only:-centrioleboth:-mitochondrion-endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi apparatus-plasma membrane-nucleus-cytoskeleton
  • Only one of the two fusion proteins possesses a nuclear localization signal.
The cellular organization and extracellular environments of plants and animals are very different.Drag the labels to their appropriate locations in the table below. Use only pink labels for the pink targets. Labels may be used more than once.1) Membrane protein complexes that strengthen the adhesion between adjacent cells, like rivets, to protect against pulling forces.2) Small channels that form across the plasma membranes of adjacent cells; especially important in intercellular communication.3) Membrane proteins that create a watertight seal between cells.4) Small channels between cells that are otherwise surrounded by walls; enable movement of water and solutes between cells.5) A polysaccharide that is used to synthesize cell walls, which protect cells and help maintain their shape.6) Long fibers of protein found in the extracellular matrix that provide structural support for cells.
  • D) They are the sites of reactions that convert solar energy into chemical energy.E) They have membranous sacs called thylakoids that are surrounded by a fluid called stroma.F) They contain the green pigment chlorophyll.(The chloroplast and the chemical reactions associated with it are extremely important for all living things. The photosynthetic reactions are responsible for converting solar energy into chemical energy that is used not only by the cells in which photosynthesis occurs but also by other organisms. For example, all of the foods you eat can be traced back to a plant or other photosynthetic organism. Furthermore, the chloroplast and its reactions have had a profound influence on the constitution of Earth's atmosphere due to the fact that oxygen is a byproduct of photosynthesis.)
  • 1) desmosomes / animal2) gap junctions / animal3) tight junctions / animal4) plasmodesmata / plant5) cellulose / plant6) collagen / animal(A primary distinction between plant cells and animal cells is the fact that plant cells are surrounded by cell walls. If it were not for plasmodesmata, the cell walls would essentially imprison the plant's cells, making intercellular communication and the distribution of nutrients nearly impossible.Animal cells have a variety of intercellular junctions, including tight junctions, desmosomes, and gap junctions. The gap junctions of animal cells are most similar to the plasmodesmata of plants. Gap junctions tend to be limited to tissues that require rapid and coordinated signal relay systems, such as heart muscle; they play no role in nutrient distribution.)
  • desmosomes
  • 1) microtubules2) intermediate filaments3) microtubules4) microfilaments5) intermediate filaments6) microfilaments
Choose the letter that indicates the organelle that contains most of a cell's DNA.
  • C(The nucleus contains most of a cell's DNA.)
  • The nuclear envelope is continuous with the Golgi apparatus.
  • E(This is the nuclear envelope.)
  • A(The Golgi apparatus modifies, stores, and packages products of the ER.)
Which of these provides the cell with structural support?
  • E(This is the nuclear envelope.)
  • A(The Golgi apparatus modifies, stores, and packages products of the ER.)
  • D(Microfilaments are a component of the cytoskeleton.)
  • The nuclear envelope is continuous with the Golgi apparatus.
Which statements are true for chloroplasts? Select the three that apply.A) Their inner membrane has infoldings called cristae.B) Their matrix contains enzymes that function in cellular respiration.C) They are the sites of reactions that convert chemical energy from food molecules to ATP.D) They are the sites of reactions that convert solar energy into chemical energy.E) They have membranous sacs called thylakoids that are surrounded by a fluid called stroma.F) They contain the green pigment chlorophyll.
  • D) They are the sites of reactions that convert solar energy into chemical energy.E) They have membranous sacs called thylakoids that are surrounded by a fluid called stroma.F) They contain the green pigment chlorophyll.(The chloroplast and the chemical reactions associated with it are extremely important for all living things. The photosynthetic reactions are responsible for converting solar energy into chemical energy that is used not only by the cells in which photosynthesis occurs but also by other organisms. For example, all of the foods you eat can be traced back to a plant or other photosynthetic organism. Furthermore, the chloroplast and its reactions have had a profound influence on the constitution of Earth's atmosphere due to the fact that oxygen is a byproduct of photosynthesis.)
  • Only one of the two fusion proteins possesses a nuclear localization signal.
  • E(This is the nuclear envelope.)
  • prokaryotic only:-nucleoideukaryotic only:-nucleolous-lysosome-mitochondriaboth:-plasma membrane-ribosomes-flagella
Which of these structures stores, modifies, and packages products?
  • The nuclear envelope is continuous with the Golgi apparatus.
  • E(This is the nuclear envelope.)
  • A(The Golgi apparatus modifies, stores, and packages products of the ER.)
  • D(Microfilaments are a component of the cytoskeleton.)
Drag the correct description under each cell structure to identify the role it plays in the plant cell.
  • C(The plasma membrane is selectively permeable.)
  • plasma membrane
  • plant cell wall: strong, protective structure made from cellulose fibrilscentral vacuole: regulates cytoplasm composition, creates internal pressure, and stores cell compoundschloroplast: makes sugar by converting light energy into chemical energymitochondrion: produces chemical energy (ATP) that can power the cellGolgi apparatus: modifies and packages proteins
  • cell wall
The DNA-containing region of this bacterial cell is indicated by the letter _____.
  • A(The Golgi apparatus modifies, stores, and packages products of the ER.)
  • C(The plasma membrane is selectively permeable.)
  • C(The nucleus contains most of a cell's DNA.)
  • D(The nucleoid region contains DNA.)
The structure that regulates the passage of material into and out of this bacterial cell is indicated by the letter _____.
  • D(Microfilaments are a component of the cytoskeleton.)
  • rough endoplasmic reticulum
  • C(The plasma membrane is selectively permeable.)
  • C(The nucleus contains most of a cell's DNA.)
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