Consider an atom of oxygen in which the nucleus contains 8 protons and 8 neutrons. If it is doubly ionized, what is the charge of the oxygen ion and how many electrons remain in the ion?
  • a hot, thin (low-density, nearly transparent) gas
  • Its surface is cooler than the surface of the Sun.
  • Charge= +2; number of remaining electrons=6
  • Star X is moving away from us faster than Star Y
Which of the following statements is true of green grass? It absorbs red light and reflects green light. It absorbs red light and emits green light. It transmits all colors of light except green. It means the lawn is healthy.
  • Is absorbs red light and reflects green light
  • Electrons orbit the nucleus rather like planets orbiting the Sun.
  • X rays travel through space faster than radio waves.
  • The cloud is cool and lies between you and a hot star.
Suppose you have a 100-watt light bulb that you leave turned on for one minute. How much energy does it use?
  • It would evaporate into a gas, then the molecules would dissociate into individual oxygen atoms, then the atoms would become increasingly ionized as you continued to raise the temperature.
  • The radio waves from the radio station are causing electrons in your radio's antenna to move up and down 97 million times each second.
  • 6,000 joules
  • 1 meter
Gamma Rays have very small
  • 6,000 joules
  • 1 meter
  • wavelength
  • The planet is rotating
Laboratory measurements show hydrogen produces a spectral line at a wavelength of 486.1 nanometers (nm). A particular star's spectrum shows the same hydrogen line at a wavelength of 486.0 nm. What can we conclude?
  • The cloud is cool and lies between you and a hot star.
  • The planet is rotating
  • Star X is moving away from us faster than Star Y
  • The star is moving toward us
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