Actions taken or changes in behavior designed to treat an existing illness are part of disease
  • T
  • F
  • B
  • I will lose 1 pound a week over the next four weeks.
List and briefly explain the six steps of the transtheoretical (stages of change) model of behavior change.
  • Self-talk is your usual manner of thinking and talking to yourself (the voice in your head) that can affect your self-image and behavior. Deliberately changing your self-talk can have a big influence on behavior change by:Using rational, positive statementsBlocking or stopping negative thoughts when they occurNot dwelling on negative thoughts or images and focusing on more positive, uplifting, and encouraging thoughts
  • Pick one specific behavior to change and assess that behavior.Set achievable, incremental goals.Reward yourself for achieving goals.Anticipate and avoid barriers and temptations.Remind yourself why you want to change.Enlist help and support from others.Don't be discouraged by relapses, just get back on track.
  • 1. Precontemplation - no current intention to change.2. Contemplation - recognizing there is a problem but not yet planning to change.3. Preparation - coming up with a plan for change.4. Action - taking real steps to achieve goals.5. Maintenance - continues to make changes a permanent part of life.6. Termination - new behavior has become part of daily living, so ongoing vigilance may not be needed.
  • A behavior change contract functions as a promise to yourself, a public declaration of your intentions, an organized plan for change, a way to identify barriers to change and determine how to overcome them, a list of sources of support, and a reminder of the benefits of sticking to your plan.
Daily choices influence an individual's health status and well-being.
  • Beginning a daily walking program and gradually increasing your time and distance
  • T
  • F
  • B
Spiritual health encompasses more than simply religious beliefs.
  • F
  • T
  • increased by more than 30 years.
  • wellness.
Obesity creates a burden on the overall U.S. economy.
  • Toxins
  • activities of daily living.
  • T
  • F
The three components of the social cognitive model of behavior change are thoughts, behavior, and genetics.
  • T
  • F
  • self-talk.
  • become aware of individual behaviors that contribute to or detract from your health.
The primary goal of the Affordable Care Act of 2010 is to provide access to health insurance for millions of uninsured Americans.
  • T
  • Activity
  • Treating bacterial infections with antibiotics
  • F
Tran is a 47-year-old-male who suffered a knee injury in high school while playing football. This injury is a biological determinant of health
  • T
  • having a healthy curiosity about life in general.
  • without chronic pain, disability, or significant illness.
  • F
Mortality is defined as the proportion of deaths to the population
  • Setting overambitious goalsHolding on to self-defeating beliefs and attitudesNot accurately assessing your current state of wellness or fitnessNot having adequate support or guidanceAllowing negative emotions to sabotage your efforts
  • T
  • The medical model focuses on the individual, his or her tissues and organs, and the diagnosis and treatment of disease. The public health model (also known as the ecological model) views diseases and negative health events as resulting from an individual interacting with his or her social and physical environment.
  • F
Obesity, sedentary lifestyles, smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and illegal drug use result in direct and indirect costs to society.
  • F
  • countering.
  • B
  • T
Healthy People 2020 is the Surgeon General's health promotion plan to improve the quality of life and years of life for all Americans.
  • social support.
  • T
  • F
  • Stress, anxiety, and sleep difficulties
Attaining the optimal level of well-being for your unique limitations and strengths is known as wellness.
  • Stress, anxiety, and sleep difficulties
  • motivation for behavior change.
  • F
  • T
Effectively controlling anger demonstrates intellectual health.
  • The medical model focuses on the individual, his or her tissues and organs, and the diagnosis and treatment of disease. The public health model (also known as the ecological model) views diseases and negative health events as resulting from an individual interacting with his or her social and physical environment.
  • T
  • F
  • Treating bacterial infections with antibiotics
The medical model of health focuses on the individual's reaction to his or her social and physical environment.
  • T
  • F
  • self-talk.
  • B
Learning communication and relationship skills can enhance the social dimension of health.
  • B
  • T
  • F
  • Toxins
Define self-talk and explain how you can use it to help your efforts toward change.
  • self-talk.
  • Mortality
  • Self-efficacy is an individual's belief that he or she is capable of performing a task successfully and of achieving specific goals. If an individual approaches a behavior change with a high level of self-efficacy, his or her chances of success will be much greater.
  • Self-talk is your usual manner of thinking and talking to yourself (the voice in your head) that can affect your self-image and behavior. Deliberately changing your self-talk can have a big influence on behavior change by:Using rational, positive statementsBlocking or stopping negative thoughts when they occurNot dwelling on negative thoughts or images and focusing on more positive, uplifting, and encouraging thoughts
Today, quality of life is recognized as being as important as years of life.
  • without chronic pain, disability, or significant illness.
  • T
  • life expectancy.
  • F
Today, the concept of adaptability is a key element in the overall definition of health.
  • T
  • Mortality
  • B
  • F
A person who has the attitude, knowledge, skills, and resources to make change possible possesses ambition.
  • T
  • Toxins
  • B
  • F
Global warming, decreased water supplies, and toxic chemicals are serious health threats with far-reaching effects worldwide.
  • T
  • self-talk.
  • F
  • imagined rehearsal.
Behavior is a nonmodifiable determinant
  • B
  • F
  • chronic disease.
  • T
The average life expectancy for an American child born in 2012 is 78.5 years.
  • susceptibility to infectious disease.
  • without chronic pain, disability, or significant illness.
  • T
  • She has a strong external locus of control.
Losing your temper because someone said something that made you angry demonstrates an external locus of control.
  • F
  • T
  • Smoking
  • self-talk.
A consumable reinforcer could be a healthy edible item that you enjoy.
  • Mortality
  • B
  • T
  • F
Developing better problem-solving and decision-making skills enhances the emotional dimension of health.
  • Toxins
  • motivation for behavior change.
  • T
  • F
Differentiate between the health belief model, social cognitive model, and transtheoretical (stages of change) model of behavior change.
  • You should examine your current health habit and patterns, including:How long has the behavior been going on?How frequently does the behavior occur?How serious are the short-term and long-term consequences of this behavior?Why have you continued this problematic behavior?What kinds of situations trigger the behavior?Are other people involved? If yes, how do they influence your behavior?
  • 1. Precontemplation - no current intention to change.2. Contemplation - recognizing there is a problem but not yet planning to change.3. Preparation - coming up with a plan for change.4. Action - taking real steps to achieve goals.5. Maintenance - continues to make changes a permanent part of life.6. Termination - new behavior has become part of daily living, so ongoing vigilance may not be needed.
  • Self-talk is your usual manner of thinking and talking to yourself (the voice in your head) that can affect your self-image and behavior. Deliberately changing your self-talk can have a big influence on behavior change by:Using rational, positive statementsBlocking or stopping negative thoughts when they occurNot dwelling on negative thoughts or images and focusing on more positive, uplifting, and encouraging thoughts
  • 1. The health belief model addresses three factors that must exist before a person can make a change: the perceived seriousness of the potential health problem; the perceived susceptibility to the problem, and cues to action, alerts or reminders to take preventive action.2. The social cognitive model is based on the concept that three elements interact to motivate and enable change: a person's thoughts, behaviors, and the social environment.3. The transtheoretical model views change in six stages: precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance, and termination.
Health disparities are differences in the levels of health and disease among specific population groups, such as the low-income or uninsured.
  • B
  • T
  • F
  • Activity
When a person who wants to eat healthier and lose weight clears out unhealthy foods from the refrigerator and pantry, this is an example of situational inducement.
  • She has a strong external locus of control.
  • life expectancy.
  • F
  • T
List at least three common barriers to behavior change. 3
  • Self-efficacy is an individual's belief that he or she is capable of performing a task successfully and of achieving specific goals. If an individual approaches a behavior change with a high level of self-efficacy, his or her chances of success will be much greater.
  • 1. Precontemplation - no current intention to change.2. Contemplation - recognizing there is a problem but not yet planning to change.3. Preparation - coming up with a plan for change.4. Action - taking real steps to achieve goals.5. Maintenance - continues to make changes a permanent part of life.6. Termination - new behavior has become part of daily living, so ongoing vigilance may not be needed.
  • Setting overambitious goalsHolding on to self-defeating beliefs and attitudesNot accurately assessing your current state of wellness or fitnessNot having adequate support or guidanceAllowing negative emotions to sabotage your efforts
  • Specific - with a defined outcomeMeasurable - can be objectively observed and measuredAction-oriented - involve specific tasks or actionsRealistic - are likely to be accomplishedTime-oriented - involve the commitment of a specific amount of time
In the early 1900s, the ecological model or public health model became a major focus of health investigation.
  • self-talk.
  • F
  • T
  • Toxins
Adolescent teens having access to cigarette vending machines is an example of a positive reinforcing factor that can influence smoking behavior.
  • Toxins
  • B
  • T
  • F
Explain the purpose of a behavior change contract and how it can help you make a positive change.
  • Toxins
  • A behavior change contract functions as a promise to yourself, a public declaration of your intentions, an organized plan for change, a way to identify barriers to change and determine how to overcome them, a list of sources of support, and a reminder of the benefits of sticking to your plan.
  • You should examine your current health habit and patterns, including:How long has the behavior been going on?How frequently does the behavior occur?How serious are the short-term and long-term consequences of this behavior?Why have you continued this problematic behavior?What kinds of situations trigger the behavior?Are other people involved? If yes, how do they influence your behavior?
  • The medical model focuses on the individual, his or her tissues and organs, and the diagnosis and treatment of disease. The public health model (also known as the ecological model) views diseases and negative health events as resulting from an individual interacting with his or her social and physical environment.
Locus of control may be internal or external.
  • B
  • T
  • F
  • Mortality
The Summary Plan Description (SPD) explains covered services, benefits, deductibles, copays, and network rules under a specific health insurance plan
  • Health belief model
  • F
  • T
  • susceptibility to infectious disease.
What is self-efficacy, and why is it important in making a behavior change?
  • Not smoking, avoiding junk foods, and maintaining a healthy weight
  • Setting overambitious goalsHolding on to self-defeating beliefs and attitudesNot accurately assessing your current state of wellness or fitnessNot having adequate support or guidanceAllowing negative emotions to sabotage your efforts
  • A behavior change contract functions as a promise to yourself, a public declaration of your intentions, an organized plan for change, a way to identify barriers to change and determine how to overcome them, a list of sources of support, and a reminder of the benefits of sticking to your plan.
  • Self-efficacy is an individual's belief that he or she is capable of performing a task successfully and of achieving specific goals. If an individual approaches a behavior change with a high level of self-efficacy, his or her chances of success will be much greater.
More people across all age groups die from cancer than any other chronic disease.
  • F
  • T
  • B
  • Heart disease
According to morbidity and mortality statistics, in the 21st century, a person is more likely to die from an infectious disease rather than from a chronic disease.
  • Health belief model
  • T
  • Toxins
  • F
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