What process produces Earth's atmospheric oxygen?
  • photosynthesis
  • Paleozoic
  • iron oxides in rock
  • Precambrian
Which of the following best describes the archaeans described in the video?
  • iron oxides in rock
  • The phylogeny of ecomorphs on a given island reveals that adaptive radiation has taken place. (Why: This statement is true; the historical evidence of adaptive radiation on an island is recorded in the evolutionary history of the ecomorphs currently living on the island.)
  • They live in extreme habitats.
  • Adaptive radiation occurs within a single lineage. (Why: Adaptive radiation occurs when a single lineage produces many descendant species.)
How long ago do scientists believe life first began on Earth?
  • They live in extreme habitats.
  • 3.7 billion years
  • iron oxides in rock
  • near-boiling water, high pressure, very salty water, oxygen-free environments
Achaeans can tolerate which of the following extreme habitats?
  • adaptive radiation(Why: mass extinctions reduce competition and allow for periods of rapid speciation.)
  • adaptive radiation(Why: the appearance of an evolutionary novelty may allow for the exploitation of previously unexploited niches.)
  • near-boiling water, high pressure, very salty water, oxygen-free environments
  • 3.7 billion years
What evidence points to the date of the appearance of the first oxygen-producing organisms?
  • They live in extreme habitats.
  • 3.7 billion years
  • photosynthesis
  • iron oxides in rock
Dinosaurs went extinct during the _____.
  • Mesozoic
  • Precambrian
  • Cenozoic
  • Paleozoic
True or false? The evolution of different ecomorphs on the Caribbean islands is an example of stabilizing selection.
  • The phylogeny of ecomorphs on a given island reveals that adaptive radiation has taken place. (Why: This statement is true; the historical evidence of adaptive radiation on an island is recorded in the evolutionary history of the ecomorphs currently living on the island.)
  • True(Why: Convergent evolution occurs when selective pressures produced by similar conditions (such as habitat) favor the evolution of similar solutions.)
  • Specific ecological niches (Why: Different species evolved in response to the selective pressures created by specific ecological niches on the islands.)
  • False(Why: The evolution of different ecomorphs is an example of disruptive selection. Each new ecomorph had characteristics that were ideal for a particular habitat, but as these characteristics developed, the lizards lost the ability to survive effectively in the other habitats on the island.)
Flowering plants first appeared during the _____.
  • Mesozoic(Why: Angiosperms first appeared during the Mesozoic)
  • Paleozoic
  • Mesozoic
  • near-boiling water, high pressure, very salty water, oxygen-free environments
Bony fish first evolved during the _____ .
  • Mesozoic
  • Paleozoic
  • Cenozoic
  • Precambrian
Reptiles first appeared during the _____ era.
  • Mesozoic
  • Precambrian
  • Cenozoic
  • Paleozoic
Animals first appeared during the _____.
  • Paleozoic
  • Mesozoic
  • Cenozoic
  • Precambrian
Which of the following statements about adaptive radiation is correct?
  • Adaptive radiation occurs within a single lineage. (Why: Adaptive radiation occurs when a single lineage produces many descendant species.)
  • They live in extreme habitats.
  • Mammals and reptiles in the post-dinosaur age(Why: mammals and reptiles are not descended from a single lineage.)
  • The phylogeny of ecomorphs on a given island reveals that adaptive radiation has taken place. (Why: This statement is true; the historical evidence of adaptive radiation on an island is recorded in the evolutionary history of the ecomorphs currently living on the island.)
What was the main selective pressure behind the evolution of different Anolis lizard species in the Caribbean?
  • The phylogeny of ecomorphs on a given island reveals that adaptive radiation has taken place. (Why: This statement is true; the historical evidence of adaptive radiation on an island is recorded in the evolutionary history of the ecomorphs currently living on the island.)
  • True(Why: Convergent evolution occurs when selective pressures produced by similar conditions (such as habitat) favor the evolution of similar solutions.)
  • Adaptive radiation occurs within a single lineage. (Why: Adaptive radiation occurs when a single lineage produces many descendant species.)
  • Specific ecological niches (Why: Different species evolved in response to the selective pressures created by specific ecological niches on the islands.)
The Mesozoic era began approximately _____ million years ago.
  • 251
  • 65
  • 4,600
  • iron
Seed plants first appeared during the _____.
  • Paleozoic
  • Cenozoic
  • Mesozoic
  • photosynthesis
Which of the following statements about the evolution of Anolis lizards in the Caribbean islands is true?
  • They live in extreme habitats.
  • The phylogeny of ecomorphs on a given island reveals that adaptive radiation has taken place. (Why: This statement is true; the historical evidence of adaptive radiation on an island is recorded in the evolutionary history of the ecomorphs currently living on the island.)
  • Specific ecological niches (Why: Different species evolved in response to the selective pressures created by specific ecological niches on the islands.)
  • Adaptive radiation occurs within a single lineage. (Why: Adaptive radiation occurs when a single lineage produces many descendant species.)
_____ were the dominant vertebrate life form during the Paleozoic era.
  • Dinosaurs
  • 4,600
  • Amphibians
  • Precambrian
_____ were the dominant vertebrate life form during the Mesozoic era.
  • Precambrian
  • Amphibians
  • Dinosaurs
  • 4,600
The Precambrian time began at least _____ million years ago.
  • Dinosaurs
  • Precambrian
  • 4,600
  • Amphibians
The first prokaryotic cells appeared during the _____.
  • photosynthesis
  • Paleozoic
  • Precambrian
  • Mesozoic
The Cenozoic era began approximately _____ million years ago.
  • iron
  • 4,600
  • 251
  • 65
Which Anolis lizard ecomorph has long legs?
  • Trunk/ground (Why: these ecomorphs need long legs to jump from one broad perch to another.)
  • Mammals and reptiles in the post-dinosaur age(Why: mammals and reptiles are not descended from a single lineage.)
  • near-boiling water, high pressure, very salty water, oxygen-free environments
  • Adaptive radiation occurs within a single lineage. (Why: Adaptive radiation occurs when a single lineage produces many descendant species.)
Which organisms are not examples of an adaptive radiation?
  • near-boiling water, high pressure, very salty water, oxygen-free environments
  • Adaptive radiation occurs within a single lineage. (Why: Adaptive radiation occurs when a single lineage produces many descendant species.)
  • Trunk/ground (Why: these ecomorphs need long legs to jump from one broad perch to another.)
  • Mammals and reptiles in the post-dinosaur age(Why: mammals and reptiles are not descended from a single lineage.)
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