In 1942, German reserve police officers obeyed orders to kill some 1500 Jews in the village of Jozefow, Poland. This incident illustrated that people are most likely to be destructively obedient when
  • Deliver electric shocks to a learner for giving incorrect answers
  • Emergency is being observed by a number of other people
  • They perceive their orders to come from legitimate authority figures
  • "teachers" were more obedient than most people would have predicted
An eagerness to believe that victims of a natural disaster are being punished by God for their sins is best explained in terms of
  • The foot in the door phenomenon
  • Informational social influence
  • The just-world phenomenon
  • Role playing on attitudes
After they had first agreed to display a 3-inch "Be a safe driver" sign, California home owners were highly likely to permit the installation of a very large and unattractive "Drive Carefully" sign in their front yards. This illustrates
  • Informational social influence
  • Role playing on attitudes
  • They perceive their orders to come from legitimate authority figures
  • The foot in the door phenomenon
Attitudes are ______ that guide behavior.
  • Social inequalities
  • Gain social approval
  • Belief based feelings
  • Cognitive Dissonance
Which of the following comments is most likely to be made in a group characterized by groupthink?
  • Emergency is being observed by a number of other people
  • "We all seem to be in basic agreement, so there's no sense in continuing our discussion of this issue."
  • Arousal inhibits the correct performance of difficult tasks
  • "teachers" were more obedient than most people would have predicted
Deindividuation refers to
  • Comply with a large request if one has previously complied with a small request
  • Perform well-learned tasks more effectively in the presence of others
  • Exert less effort when they are pooling their efforts toward a common goal
  • A loss of self-awareness and self-restraint in group situations that foster arousal and anonymity
Most people are likely to be surprised by the results of Milgram's initial obedience experiment because the
  • "We all seem to be in basic agreement, so there's no sense in continuing our discussion of this issue."
  • Emergency is being observed by a number of other people
  • "teachers" were more obedient than most people would have predicted
  • They perceive their orders to come from legitimate authority figures
The two-factor theory of emotion has been used to explain
  • Passionate love
  • Dispositions or their situations
  • Cognitive Dissonance
  • Assigned roles
Behaving with unselfish concern for the welfare of others is called
  • Altruism
  • Cognitive Dissonance
  • Social scripts
  • Social inequalities
Whether a person exercises regularly is best predicted by his or her attitude about
  • Even ordinary people, who are not usually hostile, can become agents of destruction
  • Exercise
  • Group polarization
  • Even when the group judgement was clearly incorrect
Three keys to an enduring companionate love include
  • Situational influences; Personal dispositions
  • Equity, self-disclosure, and positive support
  • Perform well-learned tasks more effectively in the presence of others
  • An attempt to achieve some goal is blocked
The mere exposure effect refers to the fact that people
  • Comply with a large request if one has previously complied with a small request
  • Experience increasing attraction to novel stimuli that become more familiar
  • Emergency is being observed by a number of other people
  • Arousal inhibits the correct performance of difficult tasks
The discomfort we feel when two thoughts are inconsistent is called
  • Social scripts
  • Cognitive Dissonance
  • Social inequalities
  • Gain social approval
Social facilitation refers to the tendency to
  • Exert less effort when they are pooling their efforts toward a common goal
  • Perform well-learned tasks more effectively in the presence of others
  • Deliver electric shocks to a learner for giving incorrect answers
  • The pursuit of self-interest leads to collective harm
The fundamental attribution error is illustrated in our tendency to underestimate the extent to which others' behavior in influenced by
  • Bystander effect
  • The just-world phenomenon
  • Situational influences; Personal dispositions
  • Assigned roles
Participants in the Milgram obedience studies were ordered to
  • Deliver electric shocks to a learner for giving incorrect answers
  • "teachers" were more obedient than most people would have predicted
  • Perform well-learned tasks more effectively in the presence of others
  • Exert less effort when they are pooling their efforts toward a common goal
Culturally modeled guides for how to act in various situation are called
  • Gain social approval
  • Social inequalities
  • Social scripts
  • Social Psychology
The fundamental attribution error refers to our tendency to underestimate the impact of ________ and to overestimate the impact of ________ in explaining the behavior of others.
  • Informational social influence
  • An attempt to achieve some goal is blocked
  • Situational influences; Personal dispositions
  • Assigned roles
According to Milgram, the most fundamental lesson to be learned from his study of obedience is that
  • An unjustifiable attitude toward a group and its members
  • Even when the group judgement was clearly incorrect
  • Even ordinary people, who are not usually hostile, can become agents of destruction
  • Mirror-image perceptions
Two conflicting groups who share the same negative views of one another demonstrate
  • Even when the group judgement was clearly incorrect
  • Individuals share a similar opinion
  • Group polarization
  • Mirror-image perceptions
Unconsciously mimicking those around us is known as
  • The chameleon effect
  • Belief based feelings
  • Cognitive Dissonance
  • Gain social approval
Solomon Asch reported that individuals conformed to a group's judgement of the lengths of lines
  • Even when the group judgement was clearly incorrect
  • An unjustifiable attitude toward a group and its members
  • Conformity
  • Group polarization
Normative social influence results from people's desire to
  • Belief based feelings
  • Gain social approval
  • Cognitive Dissonance
  • Social inequalities
Attribution theory suggests that we tend to attribute others' behavior either to their
  • Dispositions or their situations
  • The foot in the door phenomenon
  • Emergency is being observed by a number of other people
  • Situational influences; Personal dispositions
The foot-in-the-door phenomenon refers to the tendency to
  • Comply with a large request if one has previously complied with a small request
  • Experience increasing attraction to novel stimuli that become more familiar
  • Exert less effort when they are pooling their efforts toward a common goal
  • Arousal inhibits the correct performance of difficult tasks
Group polarization is most likely to occur in a group in which
  • Conformity
  • Group polarization
  • An unjustifiable attitude toward a group and its members
  • Individuals share a similar opinion
Prejudice is best defined as
  • Conformity
  • Even when the group judgement was clearly incorrect
  • Individuals share a similar opinion
  • An unjustifiable attitude toward a group and its members
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