In animals, destruction of the lateral hypothalamus results in ________, whereas destruction of the ventromedial hypothalamus results in ________.
  • ventromedial hypothalamus is destroyed.
  • loss of hunger; overeating
  • increased; increased
  • decrease in their metabolic rate.
One problem with the idea of motivation as drive reduction is that:
  • Moderately difficult tasks present an attainable goal in which success is attributable to their own skill.
  • With the help of a therapist, most people find it easy to change their sexual orientation
  • women's sexual interests are only loosely linked to the phases of their menstrual cycles.
  • because some motivated behaviors do not seem to be based on physiological needs, they cannot be explained in terms of drive reduction.
Positive and negative environmental stimuli that motivate behavior are called:
  • hunger.
  • begin eating.
  • Western Europe.
  • incentives.
Evidence that obesity is influenced by factors in addition to genetics includes the fact that:
  • the reported backgrounds of homosexuals and heterosexuals are similar.
  • a sexual disorder.
  • feeling hungry at the sight of an appetizing food
  • obesity is more common today than it was 40 years ago.
The descriptions of orgasm written by men and women are ________, and the subcortical brain regions active in men and women during orgasm are ________:
  • similar; similar
  • bellies.
  • thrill-seeking
  • testosterone; lowered
The brain area that when stimulated suppresses eating is the:
  • ventromedial hypothalamus.
  • protected our ancestors from potentially toxic substances.
  • ventromedial hypothalamus; lateral hypothalamus
  • cause the rat to become extremely fat.
Teens who use alcohol prior to sexual intercourse experience:
  • they have just experienced orgasm.
  • reduced self-awareness and are less likely to use condoms.
  • maintain homeostasis.
  • overweight men.
A need refers to:
  • drive.
  • a physiological state that usually triggers motivational arousal.
  • hunger continues in humans whose cancerous stomachs have been removed.
  • lost interest in sex and social activities.
In one experiment, professional actors played the role of either normal-weight or overweight job applicants. Research participants' willingness to hire the applicants revealed:
  • greater discrimination against overweight women than against overweight men.
  • obesity is more common today than it was 40 years ago.
  • Reduce your weight gradually over a period of several months."
  • "Avoid eating during the day so you can enjoy a big meal in the evening."
People who are high in achievement motivation prefer ________ tasks; people who are low in achievement motivation prefer ________ tasks.
  • obesity is more common today than it was 40 years ago.
  • moderately difficult; very easy or very difficult
  • drive.
  • lost interest in sex and social activities.
Which of the following was not identified as a contributing factor in the high rate of unprotected sex among adolescents?
  • "Avoid eating during the day so you can enjoy a big meal in the evening."
  • Obese people tend to lack willpower.
  • thrill-seeking
  • Monkeys will work puzzles even if not given a food reward.
New research has linked women's obesity to their risk of late-life:
  • a sexual disorder.
  • Alzheimer's disease.
  • lateral hypothalamus
  • TV viewing habits.
A homosexual orientation is:
  • Her prediet weight was near her body's set point.
  • lower blood sugar and trigger hunger.
  • very persistent and difficult to change.
  • a person's enduring sexual attraction toward members of a particular gender.
The tendency to overeat when food is plentiful:
  • decreasing blood glucose levels.
  • enough sperm may be released prior to male orgasm to enable conception.
  • protected our ancestors from potentially toxic substances.
  • emerged in our prehistoric ancestors as an adaptive response to alternating periods of feast and famine.
Dr. Milosz electrically stimulates the lateral hypothalamus of a well-fed laboratory rat. This procedure is likely to:
  • loss of hunger; overeating
  • Obese people tend to lack willpower.
  • cause the rat to begin eating.
  • decrease in their metabolic rate.
Which of the following suggestions would be the worst advice for a dieter?
  • no matter how carefully people diet, they can never lose fat cells.
  • "Avoid eating during the day so you can enjoy a big meal in the evening."
  • enough sperm may be released prior to male orgasm to enable conception.
  • Obese people tend to lack willpower.
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