People and groups who influence our orientation to life and our self-concept, emotions, attitudes, and behaviors are:
  • a person has little or no control over
  • socialization.
  • agents of socialization.
  • the generalized other
Which of the following best describes the difference between the I and the me in George Herbert Mead's theory?
  • an American of Japanese descent
  • Our interpretations of how others see us are more important than the reality of how others see us.
  • The I is one's sense of agency; the me is how we believe others see us
  • Sally discovers her mother-in-law is dropping by shortly, so Sally rushes to tidy up the house.
The process by which a person internalizes the values, beliefs, and norms required to become a functioning member of a given society is known as:
  • the generalized other
  • agents of socialization.
  • a person has little or no control over
  • socialization.
In large urban areas, people know how to establish private zones of solitude even in crowds. Erving Goffman analyzes this as an instance of socialization called:
  • saving face.
  • the opening.
  • civil inattention.
  • human interaction
The final step in George Herbert Mead's theory of socialization is the development of an internalized sense of the total expectations of others. This is known as the ________ other.
  • the opening.
  • role strain
  • generalized
  • gender roles
Which of the following represents an ascribed status?
  • an American of Japanese descent
  • Sally discovers her mother-in-law is dropping by shortly, so Sally rushes to tidy up the house.
  • The I is one's sense of agency; the me is how we believe others see us
  • ask a stranger to tie your shoes
The popular television show Sesame Street was created with the explicit purpose of providing educational opportunities for low-income children. Sesame Street has been very successful, showing that:
  • People cannot see our nonverbal closing gestures.
  • our notions of childhood are socially constructed.
  • The I is one's sense of agency; the me is how we believe others see us
  • the media serve as a powerful socializing agent.
Rodrigo's boss asked him to work this weekend, but Rodrigo feels obligated to attend a family reunion and has to study for an exam. He is having trouble deciding which activity to let go. Rodrigo is experiencing:
  • the generalized other
  • role conflict
  • socialization.
  • Robert Merton
According to George Herbert Mead's stages of development, children first learn to recognize an other through:
  • breaches.
  • Our interpretations of how others see us are more important than the reality of how others see us.
  • imitation.
  • the opening.
Most sociologists (and biologists) argue that race is a human invention, or is socially constructed. Which of the following statements highlights how race is socially constructed?
  • Racial categories on census forms have continued to change over time.
  • People cannot see our nonverbal closing gestures.
  • schools require conformity, and a child's individuality might fall outside those norms.
  • The I is one's sense of agency; the me is how we believe others see us
According to research by Annette Lareau (2003), parents of different social classes socialize their children differently. Which of the following statements best describes these differences?
  • imitation.
  • Middle-class parents are more likely to structure their children's leisure time with formal activities; working-class parents leave it up to the kids to decide how they want to structure their free time.
  • schools require conformity, and a child's individuality might fall outside those norms.
  • Our interpretations of how others see us are more important than the reality of how others see us.
The story of the abused child named Anna teaches lessons about the importance of ________ as an influence on human development.
  • civil inattention.
  • human interaction
  • gender roles
  • generalized
Which of the following theories argues that people's feelings and choices about how to act are based on shared meanings, orientations, and assumptions?
  • an American of Japanese descent
  • The I is one's sense of agency; the me is how we believe others see us
  • human interaction
  • symbolic interactionism
Your professor drank too much over the weekend and tripped and sprained his ankle. When asked about his injury in class the next day, the professor replied, "I sprained my ankle playing soccer with the kids." This is an example of:
  • civil inattention.
  • the opening.
  • saving face.
  • generalized
Saying "hello" when answering the telephone signals the start of an encounter in the first bracket and is known to dramaturgists as:
  • the opening.
  • breaches.
  • imitation.
  • generalized
Front-stage mistakes, such as your sociology professor accidentally tripping as she walks into class one day, are known as:
  • imitation.
  • breaches.
  • the opening.
  • gender roles
An ascribed status is one that:
  • a person has little or no control over
  • agents of socialization.
  • socialization.
  • the generalized other
If your professor asked you to do a breaching experiment, you might do which of the following?
  • an American of Japanese descent
  • saving face.
  • The I is one's sense of agency; the me is how we believe others see us
  • ask a stranger to tie your shoes
Expected conformity, especially among teenage friends, is known as:
  • peer pressure
  • gender roles
  • the opening.
  • human interaction
Which of the following scenarios provides an example of front-stage behavior?
  • Our interpretations of how others see us are more important than the reality of how others see us.
  • The I is one's sense of agency; the me is how we believe others see us
  • an American of Japanese descent
  • Sally discovers her mother-in-law is dropping by shortly, so Sally rushes to tidy up the house.
When Max gets dressed, he looks at himself in a mirror and considers how people will see him. He isn't thinking of a specific person's reaction but rather that of people in general. This ability to imagine how society perceives the self is what Mead refers to as X in the diagram. What is X?
  • agents of socialization.
  • the generalized other
  • a person has little or no control over
  • socialization.
Two young men are on an elevator together. After briefly acknowledging each other's presence, they politely ignore each other for the remainder of the ride. Erving Goffman would refer to this behavior as an example of:
  • human interaction
  • saving face.
  • generalized
  • civil inattention.
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