Identify the correct statement(s) about the resting membrane potential of a cell.Select all that apply. Potassium (K+) and sodium (Na+) gradients are maintained by active transport in a resting mammalian neuron. Neurons are the only cells that have a charge difference across their membranes. Concentration gradients of potassium (K+) and sodium (Na+) across the plasma membrane represent potential energy.
  • Spemann's organizer is the dorsal lip of the blastopore in frog gastrulation. Spemann's organizer initiates a chain of inductive interactions in frog development.
  • Early removal of the AER would prevent the formation of many distal structures, whereas late removal of the AER would prevent the formation of a few distal structures.
  • Reading a printed word out loud and then thinking of a related word involves the visual cortex, Broca's area, and the frontal and temporal lobes. Sensory information may be processed in the occipital lobe or the temporal lobe.
  • Potassium (K+) and sodium (Na+) gradients are maintained by active transport in a resting mammalian neuron. Concentration gradients of potassium (K+) and sodium (Na+) across the plasma membrane represent potential energy.
Identify the role(s) of glia in the vertebrate brain.Select all that apply. Glia release neurotransmitters. Glia protect the nervous system from pathogens. Glia guide neuron migration during development of the CNS
  • Hormones of the same chemical class usually have the same function.
  • Early removal of the AER would prevent the formation of many distal structures, whereas late removal of the AER would prevent the formation of a few distal structures.
  • Voltage-gated calcium channels in the membrane open.
  • Glia release neurotransmitters. Glia protect the nervous system from pathogens. Glia guide neuron migration during development of the CNS
Which of these observations illustrate the developmental plasticity of the human nervous system?Select all that apply. When activity at a synapse correlates with the activity of other synapses, that synaptic connection is reinforced. A person suffering from phantom limb pain following amputation may stop feeling pain after viewing a reflection of the remaining limb in a mirrored box. The brain may ignore certain stimuli and actively process other stimuli.
  • The earliest stages of spermatogenesis occur closest to the lumen of the seminiferous tubules.
  • Potassium (K+) and sodium (Na+) gradients are maintained by active transport in a resting mammalian neuron. Concentration gradients of potassium (K+) and sodium (Na+) across the plasma membrane represent potential energy.
  • When activity at a synapse correlates with the activity of other synapses, that synaptic connection is reinforced. A person suffering from phantom limb pain following amputation may stop feeling pain after viewing a reflection of the remaining limb in a mirrored box.
  • The forelimb bud would develop with extra digits, in a mirror image arrangement to the normal digits.
Identify the correct statement(s) about Spemann's organizer.Select all that apply. Spemann's organizer is the dorsal lip of the blastopore in frog gastrulation. Spemann's organizer initiates a chain of inductive interactions in frog development. Spemann's organizer is made up of totipotent cells.
  • Astrocytes induce the formation of the blood-brain barrier.
  • The reorganization of cell layers during gastrulation allows the layers to interact with each other in new ways.
  • Spemann's organizer is the dorsal lip of the blastopore in frog gastrulation. Spemann's organizer initiates a chain of inductive interactions in frog development.
  • When activity at a synapse correlates with the activity of other synapses, that synaptic connection is reinforced. A person suffering from phantom limb pain following amputation may stop feeling pain after viewing a reflection of the remaining limb in a mirrored box.
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