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CBSE Questions for Class 10 Biology Our Environment Quiz 4 - MCQExams.com
CBSE
Class 10 Biology
Our Environment
Quiz 4
The maximum energy is stored at which of the following trophic levels of any ecosystem?
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Producers
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Herbivores
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Carnivores
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Top carnivores
Explanation
In all ecosystems, the first base level of the pyramid will be occupied by producers, while consumers occupy higher trophic levels.
Energy is lost when it is transferred from one trophic level to the next. Approximately 10% of the stored energy of a trophic level could be transferred to the consumers of the next level.
The given diagrammatic representation of the tropic levels explains the energy flow in an ecosystem from one tropic leave to another.
Hence, the correct answer is option A.
Which of the following should come in the empty box in the food chain given below?
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0%
0%
0%
Explanation
A food chain always begins from an autotroph (producer).
As the green plants have the ability to fix atmospheric carbon dioxide in the presence of sunlight and convert it into usable form i.e., carbohydrates through the process of photosynthesis.
T
hey have the ability to pass this fixed energy to other organisms.
The feeding habit or the nutrition relationship of different organisms in an ecosystem in the form of a chain i.e., who eats whom.
The flow of energy in the form of food between different organisms is known as the food chain.
Thus, the correct answer is option B.
In an ecosystem, the population of
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Secondary consumers is large
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Primary consumers is large
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Producers is larger than the consumers
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Decomposers is large
Select the correct food chain.
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Phytoplankton $$\rightarrow$$ Fishes $$\rightarrow$$ Zooplankton
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Zooplankton $$\rightarrow$$ Phytoplankton $$\rightarrow$$ Fishes
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Phytoplankton $$\rightarrow$$ Zooplankton $$\rightarrow$$ Fishes
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Fishes $$\rightarrow$$ Zooplankton $$\rightarrow$$ Phytoplankton
Explanation
The food chain is the sequence of organisms through which food and its contained energy pass in an ecosystem with members at one step becoming the food of the later step of the sequence.
Phytoplankton is the primary producer that traps solar energy for food production during photosynthesis, which is then used by the small free-floating aquatic animals called zooplankton.
Fishes are the secondary consumers that derive energy from the organism of the second trophic level.
S
o, the correct answer is option C.
Which of the following set represents primary consumers?
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Deers, giraffes, cows
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Goats, rabbits, horses
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Insects, snails
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All of the above
Explanation
Deers, giraffes, cows, goats, rabbits, horses, insects and snails, all consume the producers and hence are primary consumers.
Therefore, the correct answer is 'All of the above'.
Choose the correct sequence with respect to food chain.
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Producer $$\rightarrow$$ Consumer
$$\rightarrow$$
Decomposer
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Decomposer
$$\rightarrow$$
Consumer
$$\rightarrow$$
Producer
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Producer
$$\rightarrow$$
Decomposer
$$\rightarrow$$
Consumer
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Consumer
$$\rightarrow$$
Producer
$$\rightarrow$$
Decomposer
Explanation
A food chain is
a linear sequence of organisms through which nutrients and energy pass as one organism eats another
.
Producers prepare food for themselves through the process of photosynthesis. Consumers eat producers. Consumers are themselves eaten by other higher consumers. Finally, when consumers die, the decomposers decompose their bodies to convert them into organic matter. The nutrients from the organic matter are taken up by producers.
So, the correct answer is option A.
Consumers can be classified variously as ................, carnivores, ................... and ................ .
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herbivores, omnivores, parasites.
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plants, animals, mammals
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plants, algae, bacteria
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plants, fungi, cyanobacteria
Materials that cannot be broken down by decomposers are ________.
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Biodegradable
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Non-biodegradable
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Non-living things
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All of the above
Explanation
Non-biodegradable substances are those substances that cannot be broken down by biological means (decomposers). They persist in the environment for a long time, as they are not degraded by decomposers.
So, the correct option is B.
Nutrients present in plants and animals are used again and again with the help of
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Consumers
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Decomposers
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Producers
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Man
Explanation
Bacteria and fungi are considered as the decomposers in the ecosystem. They degrade the biodegradable substances present in the environment for obtaining their food with the help of the specific enzymes.
Decomposers also help in maintaining the nutrient pool by adding back various elements like carbon, nitrogen etc. (formed during decomposition) into the nutrient pool to continue the biogeochemical cycles.
During the process of decomposition, complex organic compounds are broken down into simple inorganic compounds which go into the soil and are utilised by the plants. As dead remainings of plant and animals are degraded in the process, decomposers
act as a cleansing agent of nature.
They also add humus to the soil which increases the soil fertility.
So, the correct option is A.
The scientists who study ecosystems are called:
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Ecologists
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Economists
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Engineers
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Doctors
Explanation
The study of the ecosystem is called 'ecology'. The scientists who study the ecosystem are called 'ecologists'.
So, the correct option is A.
Find the odd one out:
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Plants
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Microorganisms
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Birds
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Proteins
Explanation
Correct Option:
D
Explanation:
The ecosystem is defined as the
Interaction
between
biotic and abiotic factors.
Biotic factors are the living components of the ecosystem such as plants, animals and microorganisms.
Abiotic factors are the non-living components of the environment. Protein is a component of living organisms but it is an abiotic factor. Thus it is the odd one.
Which of the following shows the correct order in a food chain?
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Plant $$\longrightarrow $$ bird $$\longrightarrow $$ caterpillar
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Caterpillar $$\longrightarrow $$ plant $$\longrightarrow $$ bird
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Plant $$\longrightarrow $$ caterpillar $$\longrightarrow $$ bird
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Bird $$\longrightarrow $$ caterpillar $$\longrightarrow $$ plant
Explanation
A food chain is the dependence of one organism on the other for food.
In the mentioned ecosystem, plants are producers as
they make their own food by
photosynthesis.
Caterpillars are the larvae of butterflies and moths. They eat the plant on which they are laid for their survival. So, they are the primary consumer.
Birds are the predators, who eat the caterpillars.
So, the correct option is C.
Which of the following convert solar energy into chemical energy?
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Herbivores
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Carnivores
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Green plants
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Saprophytes
Explanation
$$\textbf{Correct Option C}$$
$$\textbf{Solution}$$
$$\bullet$$ $$\textbf{Option A}$$ Herbivores are heterotrophic animals that feed on plants and vegetarian sources such as grass fruits vegetables leaves. They only consume the the organisms that need photosynthesis to live.
$$\bullet$$ $$\textbf{Option B}$$ Carnivorous are the heterotrophic animals and they only consume meat or flesh of animals. They are the organisms which feed upon other organisms by hunting them.
$$\bullet$$ $$\textbf{Option C}$$ Green plants are the primary producers of our ecosystem. They are autotrophic organisms which converts the solar energy into chemical energy in order to make their own food with the help of photosynthesis. Green plants have chlorophyll present in them which helps in the conversion of of carbon dioxide and water in the presence of Sunlight into food and oxygen and this process is called photosynthesis.
$$\bullet$$ $$\textbf{Option D}$$Saprophytes are the microorganisms which feed on the dead and decaying organic matter. These organisms break down the decomposed organic matter during the process of feeding.
So, the correct option is C.
When we destroy a forest, we destroy:
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An ecosystem
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Only the food for the wildlife
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Only trees
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Only wildlife
Explanation
A forest ecosystem comprises trees, wildlife, and abiotic components. Both plants and animals are dependent on each other for their survival. There are many species that form an integral part of the forest food chain. Trees provide food and shelter whereas, some animals help in the pollination and dispersal of seeds. Thus, w
hen forests are destroyed, it wipes out the entire forest ecosystem. So, the correct option is A.
Which of these is not a natural ecosystem?
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Desert
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Grassland
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Town
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Tree
Explanation
An ecosystem is an organization of biotic and abiotic components where the two interact with each other and maintain an energy balance.
Examples of ecosystems are deserts, grasslands, aquatic and tree ecosystems.
Crop fields, aquariums, and cities or towns are man-made ecosystems that are not naturally maintained and are either created or maintained by humans.
So, the correct answer is option C.
Out of the given options, which one has the maximum quantity of energy, after producers
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Decomposers
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Carnivores
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Herbivores
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None of the above
Explanation
According to the 10% law, the transfer of energy from one tropic level to another tropic level is only 10%. It means, the energy level decreases going up in the ecological pyramid. Therefore, the highest energy occurs in the herbivores as they obtain energy directly from the autotrophs (plants). So, the correct option is C.
Which of the following are secondary consumers?
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Frogs and dogs
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Cats and foxes
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Wolves and snakes
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All the above
Explanation
We know that autotrophs like green plants that prepare their own food are producers.
Primary consumers are animals that eat producers. Secondary consumers feed on primary consumers.
Frogs, dogs, cats, foxes, wolves and snakes all feed on primary consumers. For example, frogs eat insects, dogs eat rabbits, cats eat fish, snakes eat other small animals like mice.
Thus, option 'D' is the correct answer.
In an ecosystem, bacteria and fungi are the:
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Autotrophs
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Primary consumers
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Decomposers
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Secondary consumers
Explanation
There are some living organisms that prepare their own food (autotrophic) and some that depend on others for food (heterotrophic).
Amongst the latter, some organisms feed on dead plants and animals to obtain their nutrition. They convert the complex organic substances into simple substances and thus obtain nutrition and energy.
This process of breakdown is called decomposition and the organisms which perform decomposition are called decomposers.
Thus, the correct answer is option C.
Which of the following does not have a negative impact on the environment?
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Radioactive wastes
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Aluminium cans
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DDT
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Cattle dung
Explanation
Biodegradable substances are substances that are easily decomposed by natural decomposers and therefore, they do not cause harm to the environment. Examples: human and animal excreta, plant wastes. Whereas, non-biodegradable substances are those substances that cannot be decomposed by natural decomposers. They harm the environment. Examples: radioactive wastes, chemical wastes like DDT, aluminium cans, plastics, etc. Thus, the correct answer is option D.
The animal which eats both plants and other animals is called______.
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Autotrophic
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Herbivorous
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Carnivorous
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Omnivorous
Biodegradable wastes should be separated and kept in .............. colour bins for garbage collectors.
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Blue
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Green
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Red
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White
Explanation
Biodegradable wastes should be separated and kept in green colour bins for garbage collectors.
Biodegradable waste is any waste that can be
decomposed by microorganisms into simpler compounds which are beneficial
for the environment. Common biodegradable wastes are food and kitchen waste, manure, sewage, agricultural and forestry waste, and certain textiles.
So, the correct answer is option B.
Which of the following can be placed in the empty box in the given food web?
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Tiger
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Hen
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Man
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Vulture
Explanation
The food web is the network of organisms which are connected to each other for food and energy. The food web which is represented in the image shows that plants produce food are eaten by worms which are eaten by the insects. The empty box represents the hen which can feed on the plants and can be eaten by the snakes.
Thus, the correct answer is option B.
The ozone layer in our atmosphere protects us from the bad effects of:
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Carbon dioxide
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CFC's
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The sun's ultraviolet rays
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All of the above
Explanation
The ozone layer acts as a filter for the shorter wavelength and highly hazardous ultraviolet radiation (UVR) from the sun, protecting life on Earth from its potentially harmful effects. When the sky is clear, there is an inverse relationship between stratospheric ozone and solar UVR measured at the Earth’s surface. That is,the lower the ozone levels, the higher the solar UVR.
Hence, the correct option is $$\text{C}$$
Study the following chain
Grass $$\longrightarrow$$ Goat $$\longrightarrow$$ Jackal $$\longrightarrow$$ Tiger
Who among the following can be called predators?
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Goat
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Tiger and Grass
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Jackal and Tiger
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Goat and Jackal
Explanation
In an ecosystem, plants are called producers. In the given food chain, grasses are producers.
Goat depends on the grass for obtaining its food, hence, it is a primary consumer. Jackal preys on the goat and is eaten by the tiger. Here, the jackal is a secondary consumer and the tiger is a tertiary consumer. Since both jackal and tiger prey on or hunt other animals, they are predators.
So, the correct option is C.
In the following groups of materials, which group(s) contains only non-biodegradable items ?
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Wood, paper, leather
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Polythene, detergent, PVC
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Plastic, detergent, grass
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Plastic, bakelite, DDT
Explanation
Polythene, detergents, PVC ,plastic, bakelite and DDT are non-biodegradable items while wood, paper, leather and grass are biodegradable.
Which of the following groups contains only easily biodegradable items ?
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Grass. flower and leather
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Grass, wood and plastic
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Fruits, peel cake and lime juice
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Cake, wood and grass.
Explanation
Grass, flower, leather, wood, fruits, peel cake and lime juice, all are biodegradable, while plastic is not.
Therefore, A, C and D are correct options.
If a grasshopper is eaten by a frog, then the energy transfer will be from
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Producer to decomposer
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Producer to primary consumer
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Primary consumer to secondary consumer
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Secondary consumer to primary consumer
Explanation
Since grasshopper consumes autotrophs, it is a primary consumer. As frog consumes the grasshopper, it becomes secondary consumer.
Thus, the correct option is C.
Which of the following statements is correct ?
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All green plants and blue- green algae are producers.
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Green plants get their food from organic compounds.
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Producers prepare their own food from inorganic compounds.
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Plants convert solar energy into chemical energy.
Explanation
Green plants and blue-green algae use chlorophyll and carbon dioxide (inorganic compound) in the presence of sunlight to convert solar energy into chemical energy to produce food.
Identify the organisms that may be found at
(a), (b), (c), and (d) position in
the food web shown above.
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(a)- Dog; (b)- Squirrel, (c)- Bat, (d)- Deer
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(a)- Rat; (b)- Dog, (c)- Tortoise, (d)- Crow
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(a)- Squirrel; (b)- Cat; (c)- Rat, (d)- Pigeon
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(a)- Deer; (b)- Rabbit; (c)- Frog, (d)- Rat
Explanation
(a) is eating vegetation, this means that it is a herbivore. It is being eaten by the lion. Hence, it could be a deer.
(b) is eating vegetation, this means it is also a herbivore. It is being eaten by foxes. Hence, it could be a rabbit.
(c) is eating a grasshopper, which means it is a carnivore. It is being eaten by snakes. Hence, it could be a frog.
(d) is eating seeds, this means it is a herbivore. It is being eaten by hawks. Hence, it could be a rat.
So, the correct answer is '
(a)- deer; (b)- rabbit; (c)- frog, (d)- rat'.
A decrease in the grass population will most immediately decrease the available energy for the:
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Mouse
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Snake
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Hawk
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Frog
Explanation
From the above food web, we can infer that out of the options given above, a mouse is the primary consumer of grass.
If the population of grass decreases, the available energy will decrease for a mouse.
Thus, the correct answer is option A.
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