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CBSE Questions for Class 10 Chemistry Carbon And Its Compounds Quiz 2 - MCQExams.com
CBSE
Class 10 Chemistry
Carbon And Its Compounds
Quiz 2
A saturated hydrocarbon is shown by $${ C }_{ n }{ H }_{ 20 }$$ . The value of $$n$$ in this compound is:
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$$18$$
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$$10$$
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$$9$$
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$$8$$
Explanation
Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons with general formula $${C}_{n} {H}_{2n+2}$$.
So, if $$n=9$$ , then $$2n+2$$ is $$20$$
Hence, option $$C$$ is correct.
The formation of chains by atoms of the same element is known as:
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catenation
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nitration
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chelation
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condensation
Explanation
Catenation is the linkage of atoms of the same element into longer chains. Catenation occurs most readily in carbon, which forms covalent bonds with other carbon atoms to form longer chains and structures.
This is the reason for the presence of the vast number of organic compounds in nature.
Hence, option A is correct.
When ethane is burnt in excess of air, the products of combustion are?
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C and $$H_{2}O$$
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CO and $$H_{2}O$$
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$$CO_{2}$$ and $$H_{2}$$
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$$CO_{2}$$ and $$H_{2}O$$
Explanation
Equation for combustion of ethane is:
$$2C_{2}H_{6} + 7O_{2} \rightarrow 4CO_{2} + 6H_{2}O$$
Therefore the products formed are carbon dioxide and water.
The general formula of alkynes is:
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$$C_{n}H_{2n+2}$$
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$$C_{n}H_{2n}$$
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$$C_{n}H_{2n-2}$$
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$$C_{n}H_{n}$$
Explanation
Explanation:
Alkynes are unsaturated hydrocarbons that contain at least one carbon-carbon triple bond without any functional groups.
The general structure of alkynes is as shown below:
Some alkynes and their chemical formulas are written below:
Ethyne - $$C_2H_2$$
Propyne - $$C_3H_4$$
Butyne - $$C_4H_6$$
Therefore, from here, we can deduce that the general formula of the alkynes is $$C_nH_{2n-2}$$
Correct Answer : Option $$C$$
The number of oxygen molecules used in the combustion of $$1$$ molecule of ethanol is?
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$$1$$
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$$2$$
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$$3$$
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$$4$$
Explanation
Balanced equation for combustion of ethanol can be written as:
$$C_{2}H_{5}OH + 3O_{2} \rightarrow 2CO_{2} + 3H_{2}O$$
Therefore, for combustion of $$1$$ molecule of ethanol, $$3$$ molecules of oxygen are required.
Option $$C$$ is correct.
Name the type of reaction when e
thanol is warmed with ethanoic acid to form ethyl acetate in the presence of concentrated $$H_{2}SO_{4}.$$
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Esterification reaction
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Neutralisation reaction
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Decomposition reaction
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Double displacement reaction
Explanation
Reaction of ethanol with warm ethanoic acid to form ethyl acetate (an ester) and water can be written as:
$$ C_{2}H_{5}OH + CH_{3}COOH \overset{H^{+}}{\rightarrow} CH_{3}COOC_{2}H_{5} + H_{2}O$$
(ethanol) (ethanoic acid) (ester)
The above reaction is an esterification reaction as alcohol and an acid are combined to form an ester.
When methane is burnt in an excess of air, the products of combustion are?
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$$C$$ and $$H_{2}O$$
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$$CO$$ and $$H_{2}O$$
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$$CO_{2}$$ and $$H_{2}$$
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$$CO_{2}$$ and $$H_{2}O$$
Explanation
In excess of air, methane undergoes complete combustion to give carbon dioxide and water.
$$CH_{4} + 2O_{2} \rightarrow CO_{2} + 2H_{2}O$$
Ethanol reacts with sodium and forms two products. These are:
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Sodium ethanoate and hydrogen
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Sodium ethanoate and oxygen
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Sodium ethoxide and hydrogen
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Sodium ethoxide and oxygen
Explanation
The equation for the reaction between sodium and ethanol can be written as:
$$2CH_{3}CH_{2}OH + 2Na \rightarrow 2CH_{3}CH_{2}ONa + H_{2}$$
Therefore, the products formed are sodium ethoxide and hydrogen.
Hence, option C is correct.
Carbon is a versatile element.
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True
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False
Explanation
Carbon is a versatile element and found in many different chemical compounds, including those found in space. Carbon is versatile because it can form single, double, and triple bonds. It can also form chains, branched chains, and rings when connected to other carbon atoms.
Which of the following does not belong to the same homologous series ?
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$$CH_{4}$$
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$$C_{2}H_{6}$$
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$$C_{3}H_{8}$$
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$$C_{4}H_{8}$$
Explanation
A, B & C are all saturated carbon compounds with the general formula: $$C_{n}H_{2n+2}$$, whereas $$C_{4}H_{8}$$ is an alkene with general formula $$C_{n}H_{2n}$$
Option D is correct.
Observe the following pairs of organic compounds:
(I) $$C_{4}H_{9}OH$$ and $$C_{5}H_{11} OH$$
(II)
$$C_{5}H_{11} OH$$
and
$$C_{7}H_{15}OH$$
(III)
$$C_{3}H_{7}OH$$
and
$$C_{6}H_{13}OH$$
Which of these pairs belong to the same homologous series?
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(III) only
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(II) only
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(I) only
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All of these
Explanation
Homologous series is a series of compounds with similar chemical properties and the same functional group, differing from the successive member by $$-CH_2$$.
When we observe in $$(I)$$, molecules differ by
$$-CH_2$$
When we observe in $$(II)$$, molecules differ by $$-C_2H_4$$
When we observe in $$(III)$$, molecules differ by
$$-C_3H_6$$
All these molecules differ by a multiple of $$-CH_2$$ and have the same functional group, hence all these molecules belong to the same homologous series.
In which of the following compounds maximum heat is liberated on combustion of one mole of the compound ?
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Hydrogen
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Methane
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Ethane
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Butane
Explanation
The heat liberated on combustion for a hydrocarbon depends on the number of carbon atoms. As the number of carbon atoms increases, the heat liberated during combustion also increases.
Butane has the highest number of carbon atoms and is the biggest alkane among the given options. Therefore maximum heat is liberated on its combustion. Hence option D is correct.
To name carbon compounds that have the aldehyde functional group, which of these is applicable?
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Prefix - al
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Suffix - al
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Prefix - ol
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Suffix - ol
Explanation
To name aldehydes, the suffix 'al' is used. For example: Propanal.
'ol' is the suffix used for alcohols. For example: Ethanol.
When most fuels burn completely, the products include carbon dioxide and X. What is X?
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Oxygen
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Hydrogen
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Water
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Hydroxide
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Hydrogen Peroxide
Explanation
When most fuels burn, the products include carbon dioxide and water.
Fuels are hydrocarbons. Complete combustion of hydrocarbons releases carbon dioxide and water.
$$\displaystyle CH_4 + 2O_2 \rightarrow CO_2 + 2H_2O$$
All homologues have similar but graded:
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solubility
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melting point
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boiling point
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All of the above
Explanation
Organic compounds that are part of the same homologous series generally have similar chemical properties as each other, due to the presence of the same functional grup
in the molecules of all compounds in the series.
But they graded in physical properties, like solubility, melting, and boiling point of homologous series register a gradual changes. They increases as one move from lower to the higher series of member. Thus a
ll homologues have similar but graded physical properties.
Formula of soap is:
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$$C_{16}H_{32}COO Na$$
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$$C_{17}H_{35}COO Na$$
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$$C_{17}H_{33}COO Na$$
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$$C_{17}H_{36}COO Na$$
Explanation
Solution:- (B) $${C}_{17}{H}_{35}COONa$$
Soaps are sodium or potassium salts of long-chain carboxylic acids.
The formula for soap is $${C}_{17}{H}_{35}COONa$$.
Which of the following is a primary suffix?
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-ane
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-ene
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-yne
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all of these
Explanation
A primary suffix indicates the degree of saturation or unsaturation in carbon compounds. Example: For carbon atoms linked by a single covalent bond, suffix: ane, for carbon atoms linked by a double bond, suffix: ene, for carbon atoms linked by a triple bond, suffix: yne is used.
Which of the following is not a mixture of hydrocarbons?
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Candle wax
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Kerosene
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Vegetable oil
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Paraffin oil
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Assertion and reason both are correct statements and reason is correct explanation for assertion.
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Assertion and reason both are correct statements but reason is not correct explanation for assertion.
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Assertion is correct statement but reason is wrong statement.
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Assertion is wrong statement but reason is correct statement.
Explanation
Homologues show similarity in properties because they differ from each other by the same repeating unit.
As the molecular mass increases in any homologous series, a gradation in physical properties is seen. This is because the melting and boiling points increase with increasing molecular mass.
Homologues possess the same functional group and share similar chemical properties.
Therefore, both statements are correct but the reason is not the correct explanation for assertion.
A carbon microphone is used in a
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dynamo
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telephone
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transformer
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None of these
Explanation
A carbon microphone is typically used in a telephone.
The fuel used in a steam engine is:
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Water
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Carbon dioxide
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Carbon monoxide
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Coal
Explanation
Correct option:
$$D$$
Explanation:
Steam engine as the name suggests it is the engine that works on steam.
The force produced by steam is used in the working of the steam engine.
Steam is produced by burning coal.
Coal is used to generate steam because as it has a high calorific value and easy to use.
The ratio of the difference between number of hydrogens present in 'propane and propyne' and 'propane and propene' is:
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1 : 2
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2 : 1
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3 : 2
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2 : 3
Explanation
No. of hydrogen atoms in propane( $$CH_{3}-CH_{2}-CH_{3}$$) = 8
No. of hydrogen atoms in propene ( $$CH_{3}-CH=CH_{2}$$) = 6
No. of hydrogen atoms in propyne ($$CH_{3}-C\equiv CH$$) = 4
The difference in no. of hydrogen atoms between propane and propyne
= 8-4=4
The difference in no. of hydrogen atoms between propane and propene = 8-6=2
Therefore, the ratio $$= 4:2 = 2:1$$.
Which of the following element shows the property of catenation?
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C
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Li
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Be
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F
Explanation
Carbon is the most common element that exhibits catenation. It can form long hydrocarbon chains and rings like benzene.
Hence, option $$A$$ is correct.
Which type of carbon used in gas masks?
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Graphite
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Gas carbon
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Lamp black
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Wood charcoal
Explanation
$$\text{Wood charcoal}$$ is good adsorbent and absorbs dust particles. Hence it is used in gas masks.
Compounds having the same general formula & similar chemical properties are part of homologous series.
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True
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False
Explanation
A homologous series is a family of hydrocarbons with similar chemical properties that share the same general formula.
The alkanes and cycloalkanes are examples of homologous series.
The gas used in the hydrogenation of oils in presence of nickel as a catalyst is:
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methane
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ethane
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oxygen
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hydrogen
Explanation
The gas used in the hydrogenation of oils in the presence of nickel as a catalyst is hydrogen.
Unsaturated hydrocarbon adds hydrogen in the presence of catalysts, such as nickel, to form saturated hydrocarbon.
Compounds of carbon and hydrogen which form long chains or branched chains are called:
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Hydrogen carbon
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Hydrocarbons
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Hydrogen carbides
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None of these
Explanation
Compounds of carbon which contain carbon and hydrogen in their structures are called hydrocarbons.
Saturated hydrocarbons are called alkanes and unsaturated hydrocarbons are called alkene(double bond) or alkynes(triple bond).
Therefore, option $$B$$ is correct.
The bonds present in $$CH_4$$ are :
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covalent
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ionic
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both A and B
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none of A or B
Explanation
Methane forms covalent bonds by sharing electrons between 1 C atom and 4 H atoms.
Etnanol reacts with sodium at room temperature, then a balanced equation is:
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$$CH_3CH_2OH +Na\rightarrow CH_3CH_3+ 1/2NaOH$$
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$$CH_3CH_2OH +Na\rightarrow CH_2CHONa+ H_2$$
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$$CH_3CH_2OH +Na\rightarrow CH_3CH_2ONa+ 1/2H_2$$
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$$CH_3CH_2OH +Na\rightarrow CH_3CH_3+ Na_2O$$
Explanation
Reaction: Sodium reacts with Ethanol to form Sodium Ethoxide and release Hydrogen gas
$$2CH_3CH_2OH + 2Na\rightarrow 2CH_3CH_2ONa+ H_2$$
Give the IUPAC name for
$$CH_3\! -\! CH_2\! -\! CHO$$.
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Propanal
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Propanol
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Propionic acid
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None of these
Explanation
As it contains three carbon atoms, so the word root will be "prop". Because of the presence of functional group aldehyde, we will use "al" as a secondary suffix. As the "al" begins with the vowel "a", we will drop down the "e" from "Propane" and replace with "al". Therefore, the naming for
$$CH_3\! -\! CH_2\! -\! CHO$$ is "Propanal".
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